Merge pull request #16933 from poettering/copy-hardlinks

copy: optionally recreate hardlinks when copying file trees

man/systemd.socket.xml

@@ -200,22 +200,24 @@
         </para>
 
         <para>If the address string is a string in the format
-        v.w.x.y:z, it is read as IPv4 specifier for listening on an
-        address v.w.x.y on a port z.</para>
-
-        <para>If the address string is a string in the format [x]:y,
-        it is read as IPv6 address x on a port y. Note that this might
-        make the service available via IPv4, too, depending on the
-        <varname>BindIPv6Only=</varname> setting (see below).
-        </para>
+        <literal><replaceable>v.w.x.y</replaceable>:<replaceable>z</replaceable></literal>, it is interpeted
+        as IPv4 address <replaceable>v.w.x.y</replaceable> and port <replaceable>z</replaceable>.</para>
 
         <para>If the address string is a string in the format
-        <literal>vsock:x:y</literal>, it is read as CID <literal>x</literal> on
-        a port <literal>y</literal> address in the
-        <constant>AF_VSOCK</constant> family.  The CID is a unique 32-bit
-        integer identifier in <constant>AF_VSOCK</constant> analogous to an IP
-        address.  Specifying the CID is optional, and may be set to the empty
-        string.</para>
+        <literal>[<replaceable>x</replaceable>]:<replaceable>y</replaceable></literal>, it is interpreted as
+        IPv6 address <replaceable>x</replaceable> and port <replaceable>y</replaceable>. An optional
+        interface scope (interface name or number) may be specifed after a <literal>%</literal> symbol:
+        <literal>[<replaceable>x</replaceable>]:<replaceable>y</replaceable>%<replaceable>dev</replaceable></literal>.
+        Interface scopes are only useful with link-local addresses, because the kernel ignores them in other
+        cases. Note that if an address is specified as IPv6, it might still make the service available via
+        IPv4 too, depending on the <varname>BindIPv6Only=</varname> setting (see below).</para>
+
+        <para>If the address string is a string in the format
+        <literal>vsock:<replaceable>x</replaceable>:<replaceable>y</replaceable></literal>, it is read as CID
+        <replaceable>x</replaceable> on a port <replaceable>y</replaceable> address in the
+        <constant>AF_VSOCK</constant> family.  The CID is a unique 32-bit integer identifier in
+        <constant>AF_VSOCK</constant> analogous to an IP address.  Specifying the CID is optional, and may be
+        set to the empty string.</para>
 
         <para>Note that <constant>SOCK_SEQPACKET</constant> (i.e.
         <varname>ListenSequentialPacket=</varname>) is only available

src/basic/btrfs-util.c

@@ -1654,7 +1654,10 @@ int btrfs_subvol_snapshot_fd_full(
                 } else if (r < 0)
                         return r;
 
-                r = copy_directory_fd_full(old_fd, new_path, COPY_MERGE|COPY_REFLINK|COPY_SAME_MOUNT|(FLAGS_SET(flags, BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_SIGINT) ? COPY_SIGINT : 0), progress_path, progress_bytes, userdata);
+                r = copy_directory_fd_full(
+                                old_fd, new_path,
+                                COPY_MERGE|COPY_REFLINK|COPY_SAME_MOUNT|COPY_HARDLINKS|(FLAGS_SET(flags, BTRFS_SNAPSHOT_SIGINT) ? COPY_SIGINT : 0),
+                                progress_path, progress_bytes, userdata);
                 if (r < 0)
                         goto fallback_fail;
 

src/basic/copy.c

@@ -22,8 +22,10 @@
 #include "missing_syscall.h"
 #include "mountpoint-util.h"
 #include "nulstr-util.h"
+#include "rm-rf.h"
 #include "selinux-util.h"
 #include "stat-util.h"
+#include "stdio-util.h"
 #include "string-util.h"
 #include "strv.h"
 #include "time-util.h"
@@ -394,6 +396,188 @@ static int fd_copy_symlink(
         return 0;
 }
 
+/* Encapsulates the database we store potential hardlink targets in */
+typedef struct HardlinkContext {
+        int dir_fd;    /* An fd to the directory we use as lookup table. Never AT_FDCWD. Lazily created, when
+                        * we add the first entry. */
+
+        /* These two fields are used to create the hardlink repository directory above — via
+         * mkdirat(parent_fd, subdir) — and are kept so that we can automatically remove the directory again
+         * when we are done. */
+        int parent_fd; /* Possibly AT_FDCWD */
+        char *subdir;
+} HardlinkContext;
+
+static int hardlink_context_setup(
+                HardlinkContext *c,
+                int dt,
+                const char *to,
+                CopyFlags copy_flags) {
+
+        _cleanup_close_ int dt_copy = -1;
+        int r;
+
+        assert(c);
+        assert(c->dir_fd < 0 && c->dir_fd != AT_FDCWD);
+        assert(c->parent_fd < 0);
+        assert(!c->subdir);
+
+        /* If hardlink recreation is requested we have to maintain a database of inodes that are potential
+         * hardlink sources. Given that generally disk sizes have to be assumed to be larger than what fits
+         * into physical RAM we cannot maintain that database in dynamic memory alone. Here we opt to
+         * maintain it on disk, to simplify things: inside the destination directory we'll maintain a
+         * temporary directory consisting of hardlinks of every inode we copied that might be subject of
+         * hardlinks. We can then use that as hardlink source later on. Yes, this means additional disk IO
+         * but thankfully Linux is optimized for this kind of thing. If this ever becomes a performance
+         * bottleneck we can certainly place an in-memory hash table in front of this, but for the beginning,
+         * let's keep things simple, and just use the disk as lookup table for inodes.
+         *
+         * Note that this should have zero performace impact as long as .n_link of all files copied remains
+         * <= 0, because in that case we will not actually allocate the hardlink inode lookup table directory
+         * on disk (we do so lazily, when the first candidate with .n_link > 1 is seen). This means, in the
+         * common case where hardlinks are not used at all or only for few files the fact that we store the
+         * table on disk shouldn't matter perfomance-wise. */
+
+        if (!FLAGS_SET(copy_flags, COPY_HARDLINKS))
+                return 0;
+
+        if (dt == AT_FDCWD)
+                dt_copy = AT_FDCWD;
+        else if (dt < 0)
+                return -EBADF;
+        else {
+                dt_copy = fcntl(dt, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 3);
+                if (dt_copy < 0)
+                        return -errno;
+        }
+
+        r = tempfn_random_child(to, "hardlink", &c->subdir);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        c->parent_fd = TAKE_FD(dt_copy);
+
+        /* We don't actually create the directory we keep the table in here, that's done on-demand when the
+         * first entry is added, using hardlink_context_realize() below. */
+        return 1;
+}
+
+static int hardlink_context_realize(HardlinkContext *c) {
+        int r;
+
+        if (!c)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (c->dir_fd >= 0) /* Already realized */
+                return 1;
+
+        if (c->parent_fd < 0 && c->parent_fd != AT_FDCWD) /* Not configured */
+                return 0;
+
+        assert(c->subdir);
+
+        if (mkdirat(c->parent_fd, c->subdir, 0700) < 0)
+                return -errno;
+
+        c->dir_fd = openat(c->parent_fd, c->subdir, O_RDONLY|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC);
+        if (c->dir_fd < 0) {
+                r = -errno;
+                unlinkat(c->parent_fd, c->subdir, AT_REMOVEDIR);
+                return r;
+        }
+
+        return 1;
+}
+
+static void hardlink_context_destroy(HardlinkContext *c) {
+        int r;
+
+        assert(c);
+
+        /* Automatically remove the hardlink lookup table directory again after we are done. This is used via
+         * _cleanup_() so that we really delete this, even on failure. */
+
+        if (c->dir_fd >= 0) {
+                r = rm_rf_children(TAKE_FD(c->dir_fd), REMOVE_PHYSICAL, NULL); /* consumes dir_fd in all cases, even on failure */
+                if (r < 0)
+                        log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to remove hardlink store (%s) contents, ignoring: %m", c->subdir);
+
+                assert(c->parent_fd >= 0 || c->parent_fd == AT_FDCWD);
+                assert(c->subdir);
+
+                if (unlinkat(c->parent_fd, c->subdir, AT_REMOVEDIR) < 0)
+                        log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to remove hardlink store (%s) directory, ignoring: %m", c->subdir);
+        }
+
+        assert_cc(AT_FDCWD < 0);
+        c->parent_fd = safe_close(c->parent_fd);
+
+        c->subdir = mfree(c->subdir);
+}
+
+static int try_hardlink(
+                HardlinkContext *c,
+                const struct stat *st,
+                int dt,
+                const char *to) {
+
+        char dev_ino[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(dev_t)*2 + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uint64_t) + 4];
+
+        assert(st);
+        assert(dt >= 0 || dt == AT_FDCWD);
+        assert(to);
+
+        if (!c) /* No temporary hardlink directory, don't bother */
+                return 0;
+
+        if (st->st_nlink <= 1) /* Source not hardlinked, don't bother */
+                return 0;
+
+        if (c->dir_fd < 0) /* not yet realized, hence empty */
+                return 0;
+
+        xsprintf(dev_ino, "%u:%u:%" PRIu64, major(st->st_dev), minor(st->st_dev), (uint64_t) st->st_ino);
+        if (linkat(c->dir_fd, dev_ino, dt, to, 0) < 0)  {
+                if (errno != ENOENT) /* doesn't exist in store yet */
+                        log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to hardlink %s to %s, ignoring: %m", dev_ino, to);
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        return 1;
+}
+
+static int memorize_hardlink(
+                HardlinkContext *c,
+                const struct stat *st,
+                int dt,
+                const char *to) {
+
+        char dev_ino[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(dev_t)*2 + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(uint64_t) + 4];
+        int r;
+
+        assert(st);
+        assert(dt >= 0 || dt == AT_FDCWD);
+        assert(to);
+
+        if (!c) /* No temporary hardlink directory, don't bother */
+                return 0;
+
+        if (st->st_nlink <= 1) /* Source not hardlinked, don't bother */
+                return 0;
+
+        r = hardlink_context_realize(c); /* Create the hardlink store lazily */
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        xsprintf(dev_ino, "%u:%u:%" PRIu64, major(st->st_dev), minor(st->st_dev), (uint64_t) st->st_ino);
+        if (linkat(dt, to, c->dir_fd, dev_ino, 0) < 0) {
+                log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to hardlink %s to %s, ignoring: %m", to, dev_ino);
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        return 1;
+}
+
 static int fd_copy_regular(
                 int df,
                 const char *from,
@@ -403,6 +587,7 @@ static int fd_copy_regular(
                 uid_t override_uid,
                 gid_t override_gid,
                 CopyFlags copy_flags,
+                HardlinkContext *hardlink_context,
                 copy_progress_bytes_t progress,
                 void *userdata) {
 
@@ -414,6 +599,12 @@ static int fd_copy_regular(
         assert(st);
         assert(to);
 
+        r = try_hardlink(hardlink_context, st, dt, to);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+        if (r > 0) /* worked! */
+                return 0;
+
         fdf = openat(df, from, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY|O_NOFOLLOW);
         if (fdf < 0)
                 return -errno;
@@ -456,6 +647,7 @@ static int fd_copy_regular(
                 (void) unlinkat(dt, to, 0);
         }
 
+        (void) memorize_hardlink(hardlink_context, st, dt, to);
         return r;
 }
 
@@ -467,13 +659,20 @@ static int fd_copy_fifo(
                 const char *to,
                 uid_t override_uid,
                 gid_t override_gid,
-                CopyFlags copy_flags) {
+                CopyFlags copy_flags,
+                HardlinkContext *hardlink_context) {
         int r;
 
         assert(from);
         assert(st);
         assert(to);
 
+        r = try_hardlink(hardlink_context, st, dt, to);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+        if (r > 0) /* worked! */
+                return 0;
+
         if (copy_flags & COPY_MAC_CREATE) {
                 r = mac_selinux_create_file_prepare_at(dt, to, S_IFIFO);
                 if (r < 0)
@@ -494,6 +693,7 @@ static int fd_copy_fifo(
         if (fchmodat(dt, to, st->st_mode & 07777, 0) < 0)
                 r = -errno;
 
+        (void) memorize_hardlink(hardlink_context, st, dt, to);
         return r;
 }
 
@@ -505,13 +705,20 @@ static int fd_copy_node(
                 const char *to,
                 uid_t override_uid,
                 gid_t override_gid,
-                CopyFlags copy_flags) {
+                CopyFlags copy_flags,
+                HardlinkContext *hardlink_context) {
         int r;
 
         assert(from);
         assert(st);
         assert(to);
 
+        r = try_hardlink(hardlink_context, st, dt, to);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+        if (r > 0) /* worked! */
+                return 0;
+
         if (copy_flags & COPY_MAC_CREATE) {
                 r = mac_selinux_create_file_prepare_at(dt, to, st->st_mode & S_IFMT);
                 if (r < 0)
@@ -532,6 +739,7 @@ static int fd_copy_node(
         if (fchmodat(dt, to, st->st_mode & 07777, 0) < 0)
                 r = -errno;
 
+        (void) memorize_hardlink(hardlink_context, st, dt, to);
         return r;
 }
 
@@ -546,11 +754,17 @@ static int fd_copy_directory(
                 uid_t override_uid,
                 gid_t override_gid,
                 CopyFlags copy_flags,
+                HardlinkContext *hardlink_context,
                 const char *display_path,
                 copy_progress_path_t progress_path,
                 copy_progress_bytes_t progress_bytes,
                 void *userdata) {
 
+        _cleanup_(hardlink_context_destroy) HardlinkContext our_hardlink_context = {
+                .dir_fd = -1,
+                .parent_fd = -1,
+        };
+
         _cleanup_close_ int fdf = -1, fdt = -1;
         _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d = NULL;
         struct dirent *de;
@@ -570,6 +784,16 @@ static int fd_copy_directory(
         if (fdf < 0)
                 return -errno;
 
+        if (!hardlink_context) {
+                /* If recreating hardlinks is requested let's set up a context for that now. */
+                r = hardlink_context_setup(&our_hardlink_context, dt, to, copy_flags);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+                if (r > 0) /* It's enabled and allocated, let's now use the same context for all recursive
+                            * invocations from here down */
+                        hardlink_context = &our_hardlink_context;
+        }
+
         d = take_fdopendir(&fdf);
         if (!d)
                 return -errno;
@@ -668,15 +892,15 @@ static int fd_copy_directory(
                                         continue;
                         }
 
-                        q = fd_copy_directory(dirfd(d), de->d_name, &buf, fdt, de->d_name, original_device, depth_left-1, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags, child_display_path, progress_path, progress_bytes, userdata);
+                        q = fd_copy_directory(dirfd(d), de->d_name, &buf, fdt, de->d_name, original_device, depth_left-1, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags, hardlink_context, child_display_path, progress_path, progress_bytes, userdata);
                 } else if (S_ISREG(buf.st_mode))
-                        q = fd_copy_regular(dirfd(d), de->d_name, &buf, fdt, de->d_name, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags, progress_bytes, userdata);
+                        q = fd_copy_regular(dirfd(d), de->d_name, &buf, fdt, de->d_name, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags, hardlink_context, progress_bytes, userdata);
                 else if (S_ISLNK(buf.st_mode))
                         q = fd_copy_symlink(dirfd(d), de->d_name, &buf, fdt, de->d_name, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags);
                 else if (S_ISFIFO(buf.st_mode))
-                        q = fd_copy_fifo(dirfd(d), de->d_name, &buf, fdt, de->d_name, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags);
+                        q = fd_copy_fifo(dirfd(d), de->d_name, &buf, fdt, de->d_name, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags, hardlink_context);
                 else if (S_ISBLK(buf.st_mode) || S_ISCHR(buf.st_mode) || S_ISSOCK(buf.st_mode))
-                        q = fd_copy_node(dirfd(d), de->d_name, &buf, fdt, de->d_name, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags);
+                        q = fd_copy_node(dirfd(d), de->d_name, &buf, fdt, de->d_name, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags, hardlink_context);
                 else
                         q = -EOPNOTSUPP;
 
@@ -730,15 +954,15 @@ int copy_tree_at_full(
                 return -errno;
 
         if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
-                return fd_copy_regular(fdf, from, &st, fdt, to, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags, progress_bytes, userdata);
+                return fd_copy_regular(fdf, from, &st, fdt, to, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags, NULL, progress_bytes, userdata);
         else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
-                return fd_copy_directory(fdf, from, &st, fdt, to, st.st_dev, COPY_DEPTH_MAX, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags, NULL, progress_path, progress_bytes, userdata);
+                return fd_copy_directory(fdf, from, &st, fdt, to, st.st_dev, COPY_DEPTH_MAX, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags, NULL, NULL, progress_path, progress_bytes, userdata);
         else if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode))
                 return fd_copy_symlink(fdf, from, &st, fdt, to, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags);
         else if (S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode))
-                return fd_copy_fifo(fdf, from, &st, fdt, to, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags);
+                return fd_copy_fifo(fdf, from, &st, fdt, to, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags, NULL);
         else if (S_ISBLK(st.st_mode) || S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) || S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode))
-                return fd_copy_node(fdf, from, &st, fdt, to, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags);
+                return fd_copy_node(fdf, from, &st, fdt, to, override_uid, override_gid, copy_flags, NULL);
         else
                 return -EOPNOTSUPP;
 }
@@ -762,7 +986,7 @@ int copy_directory_fd_full(
         if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
                 return -ENOTDIR;
 
-        return fd_copy_directory(dirfd, NULL, &st, AT_FDCWD, to, st.st_dev, COPY_DEPTH_MAX, UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, copy_flags, NULL, progress_path, progress_bytes, userdata);
+        return fd_copy_directory(dirfd, NULL, &st, AT_FDCWD, to, st.st_dev, COPY_DEPTH_MAX, UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, copy_flags, NULL, NULL, progress_path, progress_bytes, userdata);
 }
 
 int copy_directory_full(
@@ -784,7 +1008,7 @@ int copy_directory_full(
         if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
                 return -ENOTDIR;
 
-        return fd_copy_directory(AT_FDCWD, from, &st, AT_FDCWD, to, st.st_dev, COPY_DEPTH_MAX, UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, copy_flags, NULL, progress_path, progress_bytes, userdata);
+        return fd_copy_directory(AT_FDCWD, from, &st, AT_FDCWD, to, st.st_dev, COPY_DEPTH_MAX, UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, copy_flags, NULL, NULL, progress_path, progress_bytes, userdata);
 }
 
 int copy_file_fd_full(

src/basic/copy.h

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ typedef enum CopyFlags {
         COPY_CRTIME      = 1 << 5, /* Generate a user.crtime_usec xattr off the source crtime if there is one, on copying */
         COPY_SIGINT      = 1 << 6, /* Check for SIGINT regularly and return EINTR if seen (caller needs to block SIGINT) */
         COPY_MAC_CREATE  = 1 << 7, /* Create files with the correct MAC label (currently SELinux only) */
+        COPY_HARDLINKS   = 1 << 8, /* Try to reproduce hard links */
 } CopyFlags;
 
 typedef int (*copy_progress_bytes_t)(uint64_t n_bytes, void *userdata);

src/basic/socket-util.c

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ int socket_address_verify(const SocketAddress *a, bool strict) {
                 if (a->sockaddr.in.sin_port == 0)
                         return -EINVAL;
 
-                if (!IN_SET(a->type, SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM))
+                if (!IN_SET(a->type, 0, SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM))
                         return -EINVAL;
 
                 return 0;
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ int socket_address_verify(const SocketAddress *a, bool strict) {
                 if (a->sockaddr.in6.sin6_port == 0)
                         return -EINVAL;
 
-                if (!IN_SET(a->type, SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM))
+                if (!IN_SET(a->type, 0, SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM))
                         return -EINVAL;
 
                 return 0;
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ int socket_address_verify(const SocketAddress *a, bool strict) {
                         }
                 }
 
-                if (!IN_SET(a->type, SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_SEQPACKET))
+                if (!IN_SET(a->type, 0, SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_SEQPACKET))
                         return -EINVAL;
 
                 return 0;
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ int socket_address_verify(const SocketAddress *a, bool strict) {
                 if (a->size != sizeof(struct sockaddr_nl))
                         return -EINVAL;
 
-                if (!IN_SET(a->type, SOCK_RAW, SOCK_DGRAM))
+                if (!IN_SET(a->type, 0, SOCK_RAW, SOCK_DGRAM))
                         return -EINVAL;
 
                 return 0;
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ int socket_address_verify(const SocketAddress *a, bool strict) {
                 if (a->size != sizeof(struct sockaddr_vm))
                         return -EINVAL;
 
-                if (!IN_SET(a->type, SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM))
+                if (!IN_SET(a->type, 0, SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM))
                         return -EINVAL;
 
                 return 0;
@@ -399,19 +399,23 @@ int sockaddr_pretty(
                         if (r < 0)
                                 return -ENOMEM;
                 } else {
-                        char a[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
+                        char a[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN], ifname[IF_NAMESIZE + 1];
 
                         inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &sa->in6.sin6_addr, a, sizeof(a));
+                        if (sa->in6.sin6_scope_id != 0)
+                                format_ifname_full(sa->in6.sin6_scope_id, ifname, FORMAT_IFNAME_IFINDEX);
 
                         if (include_port) {
                                 r = asprintf(&p,
-                                             "[%s]:%u",
+                                             "[%s]:%u%s%s",
                                              a,
-                                             be16toh(sa->in6.sin6_port));
+                                             be16toh(sa->in6.sin6_port),
+                                             sa->in6.sin6_scope_id != 0 ? "%" : "",
+                                             sa->in6.sin6_scope_id != 0 ? ifname : "");
                                 if (r < 0)
                                         return -ENOMEM;
                         } else {
-                                p = strdup(a);
+                                p = sa->in6.sin6_scope_id != 0 ? strjoin(a, "%", ifname) : strdup(a);
                                 if (!p)
                                         return -ENOMEM;
                         }
@@ -686,17 +690,19 @@ static const char* const ip_tos_table[] = {
 
 DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_WITH_FALLBACK(ip_tos, int, 0xff);
 
-bool ifname_valid_full(const char *p, bool alternative) {
+bool ifname_valid_full(const char *p, IfnameValidFlags flags) {
         bool numeric = true;
 
         /* Checks whether a network interface name is valid. This is inspired by dev_valid_name() in the kernel sources
          * but slightly stricter, as we only allow non-control, non-space ASCII characters in the interface name. We
          * also don't permit names that only container numbers, to avoid confusion with numeric interface indexes. */
 
+        assert(!(flags & ~_IFNAME_VALID_ALL));
+
         if (isempty(p))
                 return false;
 
-        if (alternative) {
+        if (flags & IFNAME_VALID_ALTERNATIVE) {
                 if (strlen(p) >= ALTIFNAMSIZ)
                         return false;
         } else {
@@ -707,23 +713,28 @@ bool ifname_valid_full(const char *p, bool alternative) {
         if (dot_or_dot_dot(p))
                 return false;
 
-        while (*p) {
-                if ((unsigned char) *p >= 127U)
+        for (const char *t = p; *t; t++) {
+                if ((unsigned char) *t >= 127U)
                         return false;
 
-                if ((unsigned char) *p <= 32U)
+                if ((unsigned char) *t <= 32U)
                         return false;
 
-                if (IN_SET(*p, ':', '/'))
+                if (IN_SET(*t, ':', '/'))
                         return false;
 
-                numeric = numeric && (*p >= '0' && *p <= '9');
-                p++;
+                numeric = numeric && (*t >= '0' && *t <= '9');
         }
 
-        if (numeric)
+        if (numeric) {
+                if (!(flags & IFNAME_VALID_NUMERIC))
                         return false;
 
+                /* Verify that the number is well-formatted and in range. */
+                if (parse_ifindex(p) < 0)
+                        return false;
+        }
+
         return true;
 }
 
@@ -1107,12 +1118,10 @@ int sockaddr_un_set_path(struct sockaddr_un *ret, const char *path) {
          * reference paths in the abstract namespace that include NUL bytes in the name. */
 
         l = strlen(path);
-        if (l == 0)
+        if (l < 2)
                 return -EINVAL;
         if (!IN_SET(path[0], '/', '@'))
                 return -EINVAL;
-        if (path[1] == 0)
-                return -EINVAL;
 
         /* Don't allow paths larger than the space in sockaddr_un. Note that we are a tiny bit more restrictive than
          * the kernel is: we insist on NUL termination (both for abstract namespace and regular file system socket

src/basic/socket-util.h

@@ -130,9 +130,14 @@ static inline int fd_inc_rcvbuf(int fd, size_t n) {
 int ip_tos_to_string_alloc(int i, char **s);
 int ip_tos_from_string(const char *s);
 
-bool ifname_valid_full(const char *p, bool alternative);
+typedef enum {
+      IFNAME_VALID_ALTERNATIVE = 1 << 0,
+      IFNAME_VALID_NUMERIC     = 1 << 1,
+      _IFNAME_VALID_ALL        = IFNAME_VALID_ALTERNATIVE | IFNAME_VALID_NUMERIC,
+} IfnameValidFlags;
+bool ifname_valid_full(const char *p, IfnameValidFlags flags);
 static inline bool ifname_valid(const char *p) {
-        return ifname_valid_full(p, false);
+        return ifname_valid_full(p, 0);
 }
 bool address_label_valid(const char *p);
 

src/dissect/dissect.c

@@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ static int action_copy(DissectedImage *m, LoopDevice *d) {
                 }
 
                 /* Try to copy as directory? */
-                r = copy_directory_fd(source_fd, arg_target, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_MERGE_EMPTY|COPY_SIGINT);
+                r = copy_directory_fd(source_fd, arg_target, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_MERGE_EMPTY|COPY_SIGINT|COPY_HARDLINKS);
                 if (r >= 0)
                         return 0;
                 if (r != -ENOTDIR)
@@ -699,9 +699,9 @@ static int action_copy(DissectedImage *m, LoopDevice *d) {
                                 if (errno != ENOENT)
                                         return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open destination '%s': %m", arg_target);
 
-                                r = copy_tree_at(source_fd, ".", dfd, basename(arg_target), UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_REPLACE|COPY_SIGINT);
+                                r = copy_tree_at(source_fd, ".", dfd, basename(arg_target), UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_REPLACE|COPY_SIGINT|COPY_HARDLINKS);
                         } else
-                                r = copy_tree_at(source_fd, ".", target_fd, ".", UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_REPLACE|COPY_SIGINT);
+                                r = copy_tree_at(source_fd, ".", target_fd, ".", UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_REPLACE|COPY_SIGINT|COPY_HARDLINKS);
                         if (r < 0)
                                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to copy '%s' to '%s' in image '%s': %m", arg_source, arg_target, arg_image);
 

src/home/homed-conf.c

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ int config_parse_default_file_system_type(
         assert(s);
 
         if (!isempty(rvalue) && !supported_fstype(rvalue)) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Unsupported file system, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, 0, "Unsupported file system, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
 

src/journal/journald-server.c

@@ -2551,7 +2551,7 @@ int config_parse_line_max(
 
                 r = parse_size(rvalue, 1024, &v);
                 if (r < 0) {
-                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse LineMax= value, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse LineMax= value, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
                         return 0;
                 }
 
@@ -2606,7 +2606,7 @@ int config_parse_compress(
                 if (r < 0) {
                         r = parse_size(rvalue, 1024, &compress->threshold_bytes);
                         if (r < 0)
-                                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r,
+                                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
                                            "Failed to parse Compress= value, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
                         else
                                 compress->enabled = true;

src/login/logind-core.c

@@ -466,12 +466,14 @@ int config_parse_n_autovts(
 
         r = safe_atou(rvalue, &o);
         if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse number of autovts, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
+                           "Failed to parse number of autovts, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
 
         if (o > 15) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "A maximum of 15 autovts are supported, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, 0,
+                           "A maximum of 15 autovts are supported, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
 

src/login/logind-user.c

@@ -919,7 +919,7 @@ int config_parse_tmpfs_size(
                 if (r >= 0 && (k <= 0 || (uint64_t) (size_t) k != k))
                         r = -ERANGE;
                 if (r < 0) {
-                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse size value '%s', ignoring: %m", rvalue);
+                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse size value '%s', ignoring: %m", rvalue);
                         return 0;
                 }
 

src/machine/machine-dbus.c

@@ -1066,7 +1066,7 @@ finish:
 int bus_machine_method_copy(sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error) {
         const char *src, *dest, *host_path, *container_path, *host_basename, *container_basename, *container_dirname;
         _cleanup_close_pair_ int errno_pipe_fd[2] = { -1, -1 };
-        CopyFlags copy_flags = COPY_REFLINK|COPY_MERGE;
+        CopyFlags copy_flags = COPY_REFLINK|COPY_MERGE|COPY_HARDLINKS;
         _cleanup_close_ int hostfd = -1;
         Machine *m = userdata;
         bool copy_from;

src/network/netdev/macsec.c

@@ -847,13 +847,16 @@ int config_parse_macsec_key_id(
                 return log_oom();
 
         r = unhexmem(rvalue, strlen(rvalue), &p, &l);
+        if (r == -ENOMEM)
+                return log_oom();
         if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse KeyId \"%s\": %m", rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
+                           "Failed to parse KeyId=%s, ignoring assignment: %m", rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
         if (l > MACSEC_KEYID_LEN) {
                 log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, 0,
-                           "Specified KeyId is larger then the allowed maximum (%zu > %u), ignoring: %s",
+                           "Specified KeyId= is larger then the allowed maximum (%zu > %u), ignoring: %s",
                            l, MACSEC_KEYID_LEN, rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }

src/network/netdev/netdev-gperf.gperf

@@ -220,8 +220,8 @@ WireGuard.PrivateKey,                     config_parse_wireguard_private_key,
 WireGuard.PrivateKeyFile,                 config_parse_wireguard_private_key_file,   0,                             0
 WireGuardPeer.AllowedIPs,                 config_parse_wireguard_allowed_ips,        0,                             0
 WireGuardPeer.Endpoint,                   config_parse_wireguard_endpoint,           0,                             0
-WireGuardPeer.PublicKey,                  config_parse_wireguard_public_key,         0,                             0
-WireGuardPeer.PresharedKey,               config_parse_wireguard_preshared_key,      0,                             0
+WireGuardPeer.PublicKey,                  config_parse_wireguard_peer_key,           0,                             0
+WireGuardPeer.PresharedKey,               config_parse_wireguard_peer_key,           0,                             0
 WireGuardPeer.PresharedKeyFile,           config_parse_wireguard_preshared_key_file, 0,                             0
 WireGuardPeer.PersistentKeepalive,        config_parse_wireguard_keepalive,          0,                             0
 Xfrm.InterfaceId,                         config_parse_uint32,                       0,                             offsetof(Xfrm, if_id)

src/network/netdev/wireguard.c

@@ -492,6 +492,8 @@ static int wireguard_decode_key_and_warn(
                 (void) warn_file_is_world_accessible(filename, NULL, unit, line);
 
         r = unbase64mem_full(rvalue, strlen(rvalue), true, &key, &len);
+        if (r == -ENOMEM)
+                return log_oom();
         if (r < 0) {
                 log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
                            "Failed to decode wireguard key provided by %s=, ignoring assignment: %m", lvalue);
@@ -526,8 +528,7 @@ int config_parse_wireguard_private_key(
         w = WIREGUARD(data);
         assert(w);
 
-        (void) wireguard_decode_key_and_warn(rvalue, w->private_key, unit, filename, line, lvalue);
-        return 0;
+        return wireguard_decode_key_and_warn(rvalue, w->private_key, unit, filename, line, lvalue);
 }
 
 int config_parse_wireguard_private_key_file(
@@ -564,7 +565,7 @@ int config_parse_wireguard_private_key_file(
         return free_and_replace(w->private_key_file, path);
 }
 
-int config_parse_wireguard_preshared_key(
+int config_parse_wireguard_peer_key(
                 const char *unit,
                 const char *filename,
                 unsigned line,
@@ -576,7 +577,7 @@ int config_parse_wireguard_preshared_key(
                 void *data,
                 void *userdata) {
 
-        WireguardPeer *peer;
+        _cleanup_(wireguard_peer_free_or_set_invalidp) WireguardPeer *peer = NULL;
         Wireguard *w;
         int r;
 
@@ -588,7 +589,13 @@ int config_parse_wireguard_preshared_key(
         if (r < 0)
                 return log_oom();
 
-        (void) wireguard_decode_key_and_warn(rvalue, peer->preshared_key, unit, filename, line, lvalue);
+        r = wireguard_decode_key_and_warn(rvalue,
+                                          streq(lvalue, "PublicKey") ? peer->public_key : peer->preshared_key,
+                                          unit, filename, line, lvalue);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        TAKE_PTR(peer);
         return 0;
 }
 
@@ -635,38 +642,6 @@ int config_parse_wireguard_preshared_key_file(
         return 0;
 }
 
-int config_parse_wireguard_public_key(
-                const char *unit,
-                const char *filename,
-                unsigned line,
-                const char *section,
-                unsigned section_line,
-                const char *lvalue,
-                int ltype,
-                const char *rvalue,
-                void *data,
-                void *userdata) {
-
-        _cleanup_(wireguard_peer_free_or_set_invalidp) WireguardPeer *peer = NULL;
-        Wireguard *w;
-        int r;
-
-        assert(data);
-        w = WIREGUARD(data);
-        assert(w);
-
-        r = wireguard_peer_new_static(w, filename, section_line, &peer);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return log_oom();
-
-        r = wireguard_decode_key_and_warn(rvalue, peer->public_key, unit, filename, line, lvalue);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return 0;
-
-        TAKE_PTR(peer);
-        return 0;
-}
-
 int config_parse_wireguard_allowed_ips(
                 const char *unit,
                 const char *filename,
@@ -821,7 +796,7 @@ int config_parse_wireguard_keepalive(
                 void *data,
                 void *userdata) {
 
-        WireguardPeer *peer;
+        _cleanup_(wireguard_peer_free_or_set_invalidp) WireguardPeer *peer = NULL;
         uint16_t keepalive = 0;
         Wireguard *w;
         int r;
@@ -849,6 +824,8 @@ int config_parse_wireguard_keepalive(
         }
 
         peer->persistent_keepalive_interval = keepalive;
+
+        TAKE_PTR(peer);
         return 0;
 }
 

src/network/netdev/wireguard.h

@@ -61,10 +61,8 @@ extern const NetDevVTable wireguard_vtable;
 CONFIG_PARSER_PROTOTYPE(config_parse_wireguard_allowed_ips);
 CONFIG_PARSER_PROTOTYPE(config_parse_wireguard_endpoint);
 CONFIG_PARSER_PROTOTYPE(config_parse_wireguard_listen_port);
-
-CONFIG_PARSER_PROTOTYPE(config_parse_wireguard_public_key);
+CONFIG_PARSER_PROTOTYPE(config_parse_wireguard_peer_key);
 CONFIG_PARSER_PROTOTYPE(config_parse_wireguard_private_key);
 CONFIG_PARSER_PROTOTYPE(config_parse_wireguard_private_key_file);
-CONFIG_PARSER_PROTOTYPE(config_parse_wireguard_preshared_key);
 CONFIG_PARSER_PROTOTYPE(config_parse_wireguard_preshared_key_file);
 CONFIG_PARSER_PROTOTYPE(config_parse_wireguard_keepalive);

src/network/networkd-manager.c

@@ -691,7 +691,7 @@ int manager_rtnl_process_neighbor(sd_netlink *rtnl, sd_netlink_message *message,
         switch (type) {
         case RTM_NEWNEIGH:
                 if (neighbor)
-                        log_link_debug(link, "Remembering neighbor: %s->%s",
+                        log_link_debug(link, "Received remembered neighbor: %s->%s",
                                        strnull(addr_str), strnull(lladdr_str));
                 else {
                         /* A neighbor appeared that we did not request */
@@ -1082,9 +1082,6 @@ int manager_rtnl_process_rule(sd_netlink *rtnl, sd_netlink_message *message, voi
                 assert_not_reached("Received rule message with unsupported address family");
         }
 
-        if (tmp->from_prefixlen == 0 && tmp->to_prefixlen == 0)
-                return 0;
-
         r = sd_rtnl_message_routing_policy_rule_get_flags(message, &flags);
         if (r < 0) {
                 log_warning_errno(r, "rtnl: received rule message without valid flag, ignoring: %m");
@@ -1181,9 +1178,12 @@ int manager_rtnl_process_rule(sd_netlink *rtnl, sd_netlink_message *message, voi
 
         switch (type) {
         case RTM_NEWRULE:
-                if (!rule) {
-                        log_debug("Remembering foreign routing policy rule: %s/%u -> %s/%u, iif: %s, oif: %s, table: %u",
-                                  from, tmp->from_prefixlen, to, tmp->to_prefixlen, strna(tmp->iif), strna(tmp->oif), tmp->table);
+                if (rule)
+                        log_debug("Received remembered routing policy rule: priority: %"PRIu32", %s/%u -> %s/%u, iif: %s, oif: %s, table: %"PRIu32,
+                                  tmp->priority, strna(from), tmp->from_prefixlen, strna(to), tmp->to_prefixlen, strna(tmp->iif), strna(tmp->oif), tmp->table);
+                else {
+                        log_debug("Remembering foreign routing policy rule: priority: %"PRIu32", %s/%u -> %s/%u, iif: %s, oif: %s, table: %"PRIu32,
+                                  tmp->priority, strna(from), tmp->from_prefixlen, strna(to), tmp->to_prefixlen, strna(tmp->iif), strna(tmp->oif), tmp->table);
                         r = routing_policy_rule_add_foreign(m, tmp, &rule);
                         if (r < 0) {
                                 log_warning_errno(r, "Could not remember foreign rule, ignoring: %m");
@@ -1192,10 +1192,13 @@ int manager_rtnl_process_rule(sd_netlink *rtnl, sd_netlink_message *message, voi
                 }
                 break;
         case RTM_DELRULE:
-                log_debug("Forgetting routing policy rule: %s/%u -> %s/%u, iif: %s, oif: %s, table: %u",
-                          from, tmp->from_prefixlen, to, tmp->to_prefixlen, strna(tmp->iif), strna(tmp->oif), tmp->table);
+                if (rule) {
+                        log_debug("Forgetting routing policy rule: priority: %"PRIu32", %s/%u -> %s/%u, iif: %s, oif: %s, table: %"PRIu32,
+                                  tmp->priority, strna(from), tmp->from_prefixlen, strna(to), tmp->to_prefixlen, strna(tmp->iif), strna(tmp->oif), tmp->table);
                         routing_policy_rule_free(rule);
-
+                } else
+                        log_debug("Kernel removed a routing policy rule we don't remember: priority: %"PRIu32", %s/%u -> %s/%u, iif: %s, oif: %s, table: %"PRIu32", ignoring.",
+                                  tmp->priority, strna(from), tmp->from_prefixlen, strna(to), tmp->to_prefixlen, strna(tmp->iif), strna(tmp->oif), tmp->table);
                 break;
 
         default:
@@ -1298,19 +1301,24 @@ int manager_rtnl_process_nexthop(sd_netlink *rtnl, sd_netlink_message *message,
 
         switch (type) {
         case RTM_NEWNEXTHOP:
-                if (!nexthop) {
-                        log_debug("Remembering foreign nexthop: %s, oif: %d, id: %d", gateway, tmp->oif, tmp->id);
+                if (nexthop)
+                        log_link_debug(link, "Received remembered nexthop: %s, oif: %d, id: %d", strna(gateway), tmp->oif, tmp->id);
+                else {
+                        log_link_debug(link, "Remembering foreign nexthop: %s, oif: %d, id: %d", strna(gateway), tmp->oif, tmp->id);
                         r = nexthop_add_foreign(link, tmp, &nexthop);
                         if (r < 0) {
-                                log_warning_errno(r, "Could not remember foreign nexthop, ignoring: %m");
+                                log_link_warning_errno(link, r, "Could not remember foreign nexthop, ignoring: %m");
                                 return 0;
                         }
                 }
                 break;
         case RTM_DELNEXTHOP:
-                log_debug("Forgetting foreign nexthop: %s, oif: %d, id: %d", gateway, tmp->oif, tmp->id);
+                if (nexthop) {
+                        log_link_debug(link, "Forgetting nexthop: %s, oif: %d, id: %d", strna(gateway), tmp->oif, tmp->id);
                         nexthop_free(nexthop);
-
+                } else
+                        log_link_debug(link, "Kernel removed a nexthop we don't remember: %s, oif: %d, id: %d, ignoring.",
+                                       strna(gateway), tmp->oif, tmp->id);
                 break;
 
         default:

src/network/networkd-network-gperf.gperf

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Match.Type,                                  config_parse_match_strv,
 Match.WLANInterfaceType,                     config_parse_match_strv,                                  0,                             offsetof(Network, match_wlan_iftype)
 Match.SSID,                                  config_parse_match_strv,                                  0,                             offsetof(Network, match_ssid)
 Match.BSSID,                                 config_parse_hwaddrs,                                     0,                             offsetof(Network, match_bssid)
-Match.Name,                                  config_parse_match_ifnames,                               1,                             offsetof(Network, match_name)
+Match.Name,                                  config_parse_match_ifnames,                               IFNAME_VALID_ALTERNATIVE,      offsetof(Network, match_name)
 Match.Property,                              config_parse_match_property,                              0,                             offsetof(Network, match_property)
 Match.Host,                                  config_parse_net_condition,                               CONDITION_HOST,                offsetof(Network, conditions)
 Match.Virtualization,                        config_parse_net_condition,                               CONDITION_VIRTUALIZATION,      offsetof(Network, conditions)

src/network/networkd-routing-policy-rule.c

@@ -333,37 +333,48 @@ static int routing_policy_rule_remove_handler(sd_netlink *rtnl, sd_netlink_messa
         return 1;
 }
 
-int routing_policy_rule_remove(RoutingPolicyRule *routing_policy_rule, Link *link, link_netlink_message_handler_t callback) {
+int routing_policy_rule_remove(RoutingPolicyRule *rule, Link *link, link_netlink_message_handler_t callback) {
         _cleanup_(sd_netlink_message_unrefp) sd_netlink_message *m = NULL;
         int r;
 
-        assert(routing_policy_rule);
+        assert(rule);
         assert(link);
         assert(link->manager);
         assert(link->manager->rtnl);
         assert(link->ifindex > 0);
-        assert(IN_SET(routing_policy_rule->family, AF_INET, AF_INET6));
+        assert(IN_SET(rule->family, AF_INET, AF_INET6));
 
-        r = sd_rtnl_message_new_routing_policy_rule(link->manager->rtnl, &m, RTM_DELRULE, routing_policy_rule->family);
+        if (DEBUG_LOGGING) {
+                _cleanup_free_ char *from = NULL, *to = NULL;
+
+                (void) in_addr_to_string(rule->family, &rule->from, &from);
+                (void) in_addr_to_string(rule->family, &rule->to, &to);
+
+                log_link_debug(link,
+                               "Removing routing policy rule: priority: %"PRIu32", %s/%u -> %s/%u, iif: %s, oif: %s, table: %"PRIu32,
+                               rule->priority, strna(from), rule->from_prefixlen, strna(to), rule->to_prefixlen, strna(rule->iif), strna(rule->oif), rule->table);
+        }
+
+        r = sd_rtnl_message_new_routing_policy_rule(link->manager->rtnl, &m, RTM_DELRULE, rule->family);
         if (r < 0)
                 return log_link_error_errno(link, r, "Could not allocate RTM_DELRULE message: %m");
 
-        if (in_addr_is_null(routing_policy_rule->family, &routing_policy_rule->from) == 0) {
-                r = netlink_message_append_in_addr_union(m, FRA_SRC, routing_policy_rule->family, &routing_policy_rule->from);
+        if (in_addr_is_null(rule->family, &rule->from) == 0) {
+                r = netlink_message_append_in_addr_union(m, FRA_SRC, rule->family, &rule->from);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return log_link_error_errno(link, r, "Could not append FRA_SRC attribute: %m");
 
-                r = sd_rtnl_message_routing_policy_rule_set_rtm_src_prefixlen(m, routing_policy_rule->from_prefixlen);
+                r = sd_rtnl_message_routing_policy_rule_set_rtm_src_prefixlen(m, rule->from_prefixlen);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return log_link_error_errno(link, r, "Could not set source prefix length: %m");
         }
 
-        if (in_addr_is_null(routing_policy_rule->family, &routing_policy_rule->to) == 0) {
-                r = netlink_message_append_in_addr_union(m, FRA_DST, routing_policy_rule->family, &routing_policy_rule->to);
+        if (in_addr_is_null(rule->family, &rule->to) == 0) {
+                r = netlink_message_append_in_addr_union(m, FRA_DST, rule->family, &rule->to);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return log_link_error_errno(link, r, "Could not append FRA_DST attribute: %m");
 
-                r = sd_rtnl_message_routing_policy_rule_set_rtm_dst_prefixlen(m, routing_policy_rule->to_prefixlen);
+                r = sd_rtnl_message_routing_policy_rule_set_rtm_dst_prefixlen(m, rule->to_prefixlen);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return log_link_error_errno(link, r, "Could not set destination prefix length: %m");
         }
@@ -473,8 +484,8 @@ int routing_policy_rule_configure(RoutingPolicyRule *rule, Link *link, link_netl
                 (void) in_addr_to_string(rule->family, &rule->to, &to);
 
                 log_link_debug(link,
-                               "Configuring routing policy rule: %s/%u -> %s/%u, iif: %s, oif: %s, table: %u",
-                               from, rule->from_prefixlen, to, rule->to_prefixlen, strna(rule->iif), strna(rule->oif), rule->table);
+                               "Configuring routing policy rule: priority: %"PRIu32", %s/%u -> %s/%u, iif: %s, oif: %s, table: %"PRIu32,
+                               rule->priority, strna(from), rule->from_prefixlen, strna(to), rule->to_prefixlen, strna(rule->iif), strna(rule->oif), rule->table);
         }
 
         r = sd_rtnl_message_new_routing_policy_rule(link->manager->rtnl, &m, RTM_NEWRULE, rule->family);
@@ -529,18 +540,16 @@ int routing_policy_rule_configure(RoutingPolicyRule *rule, Link *link, link_netl
                 r = sd_netlink_message_append_u32(m, FRA_FWMARK, rule->fwmark);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return log_link_error_errno(link, r, "Could not append FRA_FWMARK attribute: %m");
-        }
 
-        if (rule->fwmask > 0) {
                 r = sd_netlink_message_append_u32(m, FRA_FWMASK, rule->fwmask);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return log_link_error_errno(link, r, "Could not append FRA_FWMASK attribute: %m");
         }
 
         if (rule->iif) {
-                r = sd_netlink_message_append_string(m, FRA_IFNAME, rule->iif);
+                r = sd_netlink_message_append_string(m, FRA_IIFNAME, rule->iif);
                 if (r < 0)
-                        return log_link_error_errno(link, r, "Could not append FRA_IFNAME attribute: %m");
+                        return log_link_error_errno(link, r, "Could not append FRA_IIFNAME attribute: %m");
         }
 
         if (rule->oif) {
@@ -644,31 +653,39 @@ int routing_policy_rule_section_verify(RoutingPolicyRule *rule) {
         return 0;
 }
 
-static int parse_fwmark_fwmask(const char *s, uint32_t *fwmark, uint32_t *fwmask) {
-        _cleanup_free_ char *f = NULL;
-        char *p;
+static int parse_fwmark_fwmask(const char *s, uint32_t *ret_fwmark, uint32_t *ret_fwmask) {
+        _cleanup_free_ char *fwmark_str = NULL;
+        uint32_t fwmark, fwmask = 0;
+        const char *slash;
         int r;
 
         assert(s);
+        assert(ret_fwmark);
+        assert(ret_fwmask);
 
-        f = strdup(s);
-        if (!f)
+        slash = strchr(s, '/');
+        if (slash) {
+                fwmark_str = strndup(s, slash - s);
+                if (!fwmark_str)
                         return -ENOMEM;
-
-        p = strchr(f, '/');
-        if (p)
-                *p++ = '\0';
-
-        r = safe_atou32(f, fwmark);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse RPDB rule firewall mark, ignoring: %s", f);
-
-        if (p) {
-                r = safe_atou32(p, fwmask);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse RPDB rule mask, ignoring: %s", f);
         }
 
+        r = safe_atou32(fwmark_str ?: s, &fwmark);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        if (fwmark > 0) {
+                if (slash) {
+                        r = safe_atou32(slash + 1, &fwmask);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return r;
+                } else
+                        fwmask = UINT32_MAX;
+        }
+
+        *ret_fwmark = fwmark;
+        *ret_fwmask = fwmask;
+
         return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1223,9 +1240,11 @@ int routing_policy_serialize_rules(Set *rules, FILE *f) {
                 }
 
                 if (rule->fwmark != 0) {
-                        fprintf(f, "%sfwmark=%"PRIu32"/%"PRIu32,
+                        fprintf(f, "%sfwmark=%"PRIu32,
                                 space ? " " : "",
-                                rule->fwmark, rule->fwmask);
+                                rule->fwmark);
+                        if (rule->fwmask != UINT32_MAX)
+                                fprintf(f, "/%"PRIu32, rule->fwmask);
                         space = true;
                 }
 

src/network/networkd-routing-policy-rule.h

@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ void routing_policy_rule_free(RoutingPolicyRule *rule);
 DEFINE_NETWORK_SECTION_FUNCTIONS(RoutingPolicyRule, routing_policy_rule_free);
 int routing_policy_rule_section_verify(RoutingPolicyRule *rule);
 
-int routing_policy_rule_configure(RoutingPolicyRule *address, Link *link, link_netlink_message_handler_t callback);
-int routing_policy_rule_remove(RoutingPolicyRule *routing_policy_rule, Link *link, link_netlink_message_handler_t callback);
+int routing_policy_rule_configure(RoutingPolicyRule *rule, Link *link, link_netlink_message_handler_t callback);
+int routing_policy_rule_remove(RoutingPolicyRule *rule, Link *link, link_netlink_message_handler_t callback);
 
 int routing_policy_rule_add_foreign(Manager *m, RoutingPolicyRule *rule, RoutingPolicyRule **ret);
 int routing_policy_rule_get(Manager *m, RoutingPolicyRule *rule, RoutingPolicyRule **ret);

src/network/test-routing-policy-rule.c

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
         test_rule_serialization("ignored values",
                                 "RULE=something=to=ignore from=1.2.3.4/32 from=1.2.3.4/32"
                                 "   \t  to=2.3.4.5/24 to=2.3.4.5/32 tos=5 fwmark=2 fwmark=1 table=10 table=20",
-                                "RULE=family=AF_INET from=1.2.3.4/32 to=2.3.4.5/32 tos=5 fwmark=1/0 invert_rule=no table=20");
+                                "RULE=family=AF_INET from=1.2.3.4/32 to=2.3.4.5/32 tos=5 fwmark=1 invert_rule=no table=20");
 
         test_rule_serialization("ipv6",
                                 "RULE=family=AF_INET6 from=1::2/64 to=2::3/64 invert_rule=yes table=6", NULL);

src/nspawn/nspawn-settings.c

@@ -233,14 +233,10 @@ int config_parse_expose_port(
         assert(rvalue);
 
         r = expose_port_parse(&s->expose_ports, rvalue);
-        if (r == -EEXIST) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Duplicate port specification, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
-                return 0;
-        }
-        if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse host port %s: %m", rvalue);
-                return 0;
-        }
+        if (r == -EEXIST)
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Duplicate port specification, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+        else if (r < 0)
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse host port %s: %m", rvalue);
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -268,8 +264,10 @@ int config_parse_capability(
                 _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL;
 
                 r = extract_first_word(&rvalue, &word, NULL, 0);
+                if (r == -ENOMEM)
+                        return log_oom();
                 if (r < 0) {
-                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to extract capability string, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Failed to extract capability string, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
                         return 0;
                 }
                 if (r == 0)
@@ -280,7 +278,7 @@ int config_parse_capability(
                 else {
                         r = capability_from_name(word);
                         if (r < 0) {
-                                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse capability, ignoring: %s", word);
+                                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse capability, ignoring: %s", word);
                                 continue;
                         }
 
@@ -315,10 +313,8 @@ int config_parse_pivot_root(
         assert(rvalue);
 
         r = pivot_root_parse(&settings->pivot_root_new, &settings->pivot_root_old, rvalue);
-        if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Invalid pivot root mount specification %s: %m", rvalue);
-                return 0;
-        }
+        if (r < 0)
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Invalid pivot root mount specification %s: %m", rvalue);
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -343,10 +339,8 @@ int config_parse_bind(
         assert(rvalue);
 
         r = bind_mount_parse(&settings->custom_mounts, &settings->n_custom_mounts, rvalue, ltype);
-        if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Invalid bind mount specification %s: %m", rvalue);
-                return 0;
-        }
+        if (r < 0)
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Invalid bind mount specification %s: %m", rvalue);
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -371,10 +365,8 @@ int config_parse_tmpfs(
         assert(rvalue);
 
         r = tmpfs_mount_parse(&settings->custom_mounts, &settings->n_custom_mounts, rvalue);
-        if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Invalid temporary file system specification %s: %m", rvalue);
-                return 0;
-        }
+        if (r < 0)
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Invalid temporary file system specification %s: %m", rvalue);
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -399,10 +391,8 @@ int config_parse_inaccessible(
         assert(rvalue);
 
         r = inaccessible_mount_parse(&settings->custom_mounts, &settings->n_custom_mounts, rvalue);
-        if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Invalid inaccessible file system specification %s: %m", rvalue);
-                return 0;
-        }
+        if (r < 0)
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Invalid inaccessible file system specification %s: %m", rvalue);
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -428,7 +418,7 @@ int config_parse_overlay(
 
         r = overlay_mount_parse(&settings->custom_mounts, &settings->n_custom_mounts, rvalue, ltype);
         if (r < 0)
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Invalid overlay file system specification %s, ignoring: %m", rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Invalid overlay file system specification %s, ignoring: %m", rvalue);
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -453,10 +443,8 @@ int config_parse_veth_extra(
         assert(rvalue);
 
         r = veth_extra_parse(&settings->network_veth_extra, rvalue);
-        if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Invalid extra virtual Ethernet link specification %s: %m", rvalue);
-                return 0;
-        }
+        if (r < 0)
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Invalid extra virtual Ethernet link specification %s: %m", rvalue);
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -482,13 +470,11 @@ int config_parse_network_zone(
 
         j = strjoin("vz-", rvalue);
         if (!ifname_valid(j)) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Invalid network zone name, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, 0, "Invalid network zone name, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
 
-        free_and_replace(settings->network_zone, j);
-
-        return 0;
+        return free_and_replace(settings->network_zone, j);
 }
 
 int config_parse_boot(
@@ -512,11 +498,11 @@ int config_parse_boot(
 
         r = parse_boolean(rvalue);
         if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse Boot= parameter %s, ignoring: %m", rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse Boot= parameter %s, ignoring: %m", rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
 
-        if (r > 0) {
+        if (r) {
                 if (settings->start_mode == START_PID2)
                         goto conflict;
 
@@ -532,7 +518,7 @@ int config_parse_boot(
         return 0;
 
 conflict:
-        log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Conflicting Boot= or ProcessTwo= setting found. Ignoring.");
+        log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, 0, "Conflicting Boot= or ProcessTwo= setting found. Ignoring.");
         return 0;
 }
 
@@ -557,11 +543,11 @@ int config_parse_pid2(
 
         r = parse_boolean(rvalue);
         if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse ProcessTwo= parameter %s, ignoring: %m", rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse ProcessTwo= parameter %s, ignoring: %m", rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
 
-        if (r > 0) {
+        if (r) {
                 if (settings->start_mode == START_BOOT)
                         goto conflict;
 
@@ -577,7 +563,7 @@ int config_parse_pid2(
         return 0;
 
 conflict:
-        log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Conflicting Boot= or ProcessTwo= setting found. Ignoring.");
+        log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, 0, "Conflicting Boot= or ProcessTwo= setting found. Ignoring.");
         return 0;
 }
 
@@ -629,7 +615,7 @@ int config_parse_private_users(
 
                         r = safe_atou32(range, &rn);
                         if (r < 0 || rn <= 0) {
-                                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "UID/GID range invalid, ignoring: %s", range);
+                                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "UID/GID range invalid, ignoring: %s", range);
                                 return 0;
                         }
                 } else {
@@ -639,7 +625,7 @@ int config_parse_private_users(
 
                 r = parse_uid(shift, &sh);
                 if (r < 0) {
-                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "UID/GID shift invalid, ignoring: %s", range);
+                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "UID/GID shift invalid, ignoring: %s", range);
                         return 0;
                 }
 
@@ -680,11 +666,12 @@ int config_parse_syscall_filter(
 
                 r = extract_first_word(&items, &word, NULL, 0);
                 if (r == 0)
-                        break;
+                        return 0;
                 if (r == -ENOMEM)
                         return log_oom();
                 if (r < 0) {
-                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse SystemCallFilter= parameter %s, ignoring: %m", rvalue);
+                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
+                                   "Failed to parse SystemCallFilter= parameter %s, ignoring: %m", rvalue);
                         return 0;
                 }
 
@@ -695,8 +682,6 @@ int config_parse_syscall_filter(
                 if (r < 0)
                         return log_oom();
         }
-
-        return 0;
 }
 
 int config_parse_hostname(
@@ -717,7 +702,7 @@ int config_parse_hostname(
         assert(s);
 
         if (!hostname_is_valid(rvalue, false)) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Invalid hostname, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, 0, "Invalid hostname, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
 
@@ -752,11 +737,11 @@ int config_parse_oom_score_adjust(
 
         r = parse_oom_score_adjust(rvalue, &oa);
         if (r == -ERANGE) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "OOM score adjust value out of range, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "OOM score adjust value out of range, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
         if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse the OOM score adjust value, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse the OOM score adjust value, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
 
@@ -863,10 +848,8 @@ int config_parse_link_journal(
         assert(settings);
 
         r = parse_link_journal(rvalue, &settings->link_journal, &settings->link_journal_try);
-        if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse link journal mode, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
-                return 0;
-        }
+        if (r < 0)
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse link journal mode, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
 
         return 0;
 }

src/partition/repart.c

@@ -947,7 +947,7 @@ static int config_parse_label(
 
         r = specifier_printf(rvalue, specifier_table, NULL, &resolved);
         if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r,
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
                            "Failed to expand specifiers in Label=, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
@@ -2609,9 +2609,17 @@ static int do_copy_files(Partition *p, const char *fs) {
                                 if (pfd < 0)
                                         return log_error_errno(pfd, "Failed to open parent directory of target: %m");
 
-                                r = copy_tree_at(sfd, ".", pfd, basename(*target), UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_MERGE|COPY_REPLACE|COPY_SIGINT);
+                                r = copy_tree_at(
+                                                sfd, ".",
+                                                pfd, basename(*target),
+                                                UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID,
+                                                COPY_REFLINK|COPY_MERGE|COPY_REPLACE|COPY_SIGINT|COPY_HARDLINKS);
                         } else
-                                r = copy_tree_at(sfd, ".", tfd, ".", UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_MERGE|COPY_REPLACE|COPY_SIGINT);
+                                r = copy_tree_at(
+                                                sfd, ".",
+                                                tfd, ".",
+                                                UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID,
+                                                COPY_REFLINK|COPY_MERGE|COPY_REPLACE|COPY_SIGINT|COPY_HARDLINKS);
                         if (r < 0)
                                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to copy %s%s to %s: %m", strempty(arg_root), *source, *target);
                 } else {

src/resolve/resolved-bus.c

@@ -1754,7 +1754,6 @@ static int bus_method_register_service(sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata,
         _cleanup_(dnssd_service_freep) DnssdService *service = NULL;
         _cleanup_(sd_bus_track_unrefp) sd_bus_track *bus_track = NULL;
         _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL;
-        _cleanup_free_ char *instance_name = NULL;
         Manager *m = userdata;
         DnssdService *s = NULL;
         const char *name;
@@ -1795,6 +1794,10 @@ static int bus_method_register_service(sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata,
         if (!dnssd_srv_type_is_valid(type))
                 return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "DNS-SD service type '%s' is invalid", type);
 
+        r = dnssd_render_instance_name(name_template, NULL);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "DNS-SD service name '%s' is invalid", name_template);
+
         service->name = strdup(name);
         if (!service->name)
                 return log_oom();
@@ -1807,10 +1810,6 @@ static int bus_method_register_service(sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata,
         if (!service->type)
                 return log_oom();
 
-        r = dnssd_render_instance_name(service, &instance_name);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
-
         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(message, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, "a{say}");
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;

src/resolve/resolved-conf.c

@@ -35,9 +35,6 @@ static int manager_add_dns_server_by_string(Manager *m, DnsServerType type, cons
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        if (IN_SET(port, 53, 853))
-                port = 0;
-
         /* Silently filter out 0.0.0.0 and 127.0.0.53 (our own stub DNS listener) */
         if (!dns_server_address_valid(family, &address))
                 return 0;
@@ -50,12 +47,8 @@ static int manager_add_dns_server_by_string(Manager *m, DnsServerType type, cons
         /* Filter out duplicates */
         s = dns_server_find(manager_get_first_dns_server(m, type), family, &address, port, ifindex, server_name);
         if (s) {
-                /*
-                 * Drop the marker. This is used to find the servers
-                 * that ceased to exist, see
-                 * manager_mark_dns_servers() and
-                 * manager_flush_marked_dns_servers().
-                 */
+                /* Drop the marker. This is used to find the servers that ceased to exist, see
+                 * manager_mark_dns_servers() and manager_flush_marked_dns_servers(). */
                 dns_server_move_back_and_unmark(s);
                 return 0;
         }
@@ -168,7 +161,8 @@ int config_parse_dns_servers(
                 /* Otherwise, add to the list */
                 r = manager_parse_dns_server_string_and_warn(m, ltype, rvalue);
                 if (r < 0) {
-                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse DNS server string '%s'. Ignoring.", rvalue);
+                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
+                                   "Failed to parse DNS server string '%s', ignoring.", rvalue);
                         return 0;
                 }
         }
@@ -210,7 +204,8 @@ int config_parse_search_domains(
                 /* Otherwise, add to the list */
                 r = manager_parse_search_domains_and_warn(m, rvalue);
                 if (r < 0) {
-                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse search domains string '%s'. Ignoring.", rvalue);
+                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
+                                   "Failed to parse search domains string '%s', ignoring.", rvalue);
                         return 0;
                 }
         }
@@ -222,21 +217,19 @@ int config_parse_search_domains(
         return 0;
 }
 
-int config_parse_dnssd_service_name(const char *unit, const char *filename, unsigned line, const char *section, unsigned section_line, const char *lvalue, int ltype, const char *rvalue, void *data, void *userdata) {
-        static const Specifier specifier_table[] = {
-                { 'm', specifier_machine_id,      NULL },
-                { 'b', specifier_boot_id,         NULL },
-                { 'H', specifier_host_name,       NULL },
-                { 'v', specifier_kernel_release,  NULL },
-                { 'a', specifier_architecture,    NULL },
-                { 'o', specifier_os_id,           NULL },
-                { 'w', specifier_os_version_id,   NULL },
-                { 'B', specifier_os_build_id,     NULL },
-                { 'W', specifier_os_variant_id,   NULL },
-                {}
-        };
+int config_parse_dnssd_service_name(
+                const char *unit,
+                const char *filename,
+                unsigned line,
+                const char *section,
+                unsigned section_line,
+                const char *lvalue,
+                int ltype,
+                const char *rvalue,
+                void *data,
+                void *userdata) {
+
         DnssdService *s = userdata;
-        _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL;
         int r;
 
         assert(filename);
@@ -245,27 +238,38 @@ int config_parse_dnssd_service_name(const char *unit, const char *filename, unsi
         assert(s);
 
         if (isempty(rvalue)) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Service instance name can't be empty. Ignoring.");
-                return -EINVAL;
+                s->name_template = mfree(s->name_template);
+                return 0;
+        }
+
+        r = dnssd_render_instance_name(rvalue, NULL);
+        if (r == -ENOMEM)
+                return log_oom();
+        if (r < 0) {
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
+                           "Invalid service instance name template '%s', ignoring: %m", rvalue);
+                return 0;
         }
 
         r = free_and_strdup(&s->name_template, rvalue);
         if (r < 0)
                 return log_oom();
 
-        r = specifier_printf(s->name_template, specifier_table, NULL, &name);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to replace specifiers: %m");
-
-        if (!dns_service_name_is_valid(name)) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Service instance name template renders to invalid name '%s'. Ignoring.", name);
-                return -EINVAL;
-        }
-
         return 0;
 }
 
-int config_parse_dnssd_service_type(const char *unit, const char *filename, unsigned line, const char *section, unsigned section_line, const char *lvalue, int ltype, const char *rvalue, void *data, void *userdata) {
+int config_parse_dnssd_service_type(
+                const char *unit,
+                const char *filename,
+                unsigned line,
+                const char *section,
+                unsigned section_line,
+                const char *lvalue,
+                int ltype,
+                const char *rvalue,
+                void *data,
+                void *userdata) {
+
         DnssdService *s = userdata;
         int r;
 
@@ -275,13 +279,13 @@ int config_parse_dnssd_service_type(const char *unit, const char *filename, unsi
         assert(s);
 
         if (isempty(rvalue)) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Service type can't be empty. Ignoring.");
-                return -EINVAL;
+                s->type = mfree(s->type);
+                return 0;
         }
 
         if (!dnssd_srv_type_is_valid(rvalue)) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Service type is invalid. Ignoring.");
-                return -EINVAL;
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, 0, "Service type is invalid. Ignoring.");
+                return 0;
         }
 
         r = free_and_strdup(&s->type, rvalue);
@@ -291,7 +295,18 @@ int config_parse_dnssd_service_type(const char *unit, const char *filename, unsi
         return 0;
 }
 
-int config_parse_dnssd_txt(const char *unit, const char *filename, unsigned line, const char *section, unsigned section_line, const char *lvalue, int ltype, const char *rvalue, void *data, void *userdata) {
+int config_parse_dnssd_txt(
+                const char *unit,
+                const char *filename,
+                unsigned line,
+                const char *section,
+                unsigned section_line,
+                const char *lvalue,
+                int ltype,
+                const char *rvalue,
+                void *data,
+                void *userdata) {
+
         _cleanup_(dnssd_txtdata_freep) DnssdTxtData *txt_data = NULL;
         DnssdService *s = userdata;
         DnsTxtItem *last = NULL;
@@ -312,9 +327,7 @@ int config_parse_dnssd_txt(const char *unit, const char *filename, unsigned line
                 return log_oom();
 
         for (;;) {
-                _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL;
-                _cleanup_free_ char *key = NULL;
-                _cleanup_free_ char *value = NULL;
+                _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL, *key = NULL, *value = NULL;
                 _cleanup_free_ void *decoded = NULL;
                 size_t length = 0;
                 DnsTxtItem *i;
@@ -326,8 +339,10 @@ int config_parse_dnssd_txt(const char *unit, const char *filename, unsigned line
                         break;
                 if (r == -ENOMEM)
                         return log_oom();
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Invalid syntax, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+                if (r < 0) {
+                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r, "Invalid syntax, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+                        return 0;
+                }
 
                 r = split_pair(word, "=", &key, &value);
                 if (r == -ENOMEM)
@@ -336,8 +351,8 @@ int config_parse_dnssd_txt(const char *unit, const char *filename, unsigned line
                         key = TAKE_PTR(word);
 
                 if (!ascii_is_valid(key)) {
-                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Invalid syntax, ignoring: %s", key);
-                        return -EINVAL;
+                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, 0, "Invalid key, ignoring: %s", key);
+                        continue;
                 }
 
                 switch (ltype) {
@@ -347,9 +362,11 @@ int config_parse_dnssd_txt(const char *unit, const char *filename, unsigned line
                                 r = unbase64mem(value, strlen(value), &decoded, &length);
                                 if (r == -ENOMEM)
                                         return log_oom();
-                                if (r < 0)
-                                        return log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r,
+                                if (r < 0) {
+                                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
                                                    "Invalid base64 encoding, ignoring: %s", value);
+                                        continue;
+                                }
                         }
 
                         r = dnssd_txt_item_new_from_data(key, decoded, length, &i);
@@ -373,7 +390,7 @@ int config_parse_dnssd_txt(const char *unit, const char *filename, unsigned line
 
         if (!LIST_IS_EMPTY(txt_data->txt)) {
                 LIST_PREPEND(items, s->txt_data_items, txt_data);
-                txt_data = NULL;
+                TAKE_PTR(txt_data);
         }
 
         return 0;
@@ -423,7 +440,7 @@ int config_parse_dns_stub_listener_extra(
                 }
         }
 
-        r = in_addr_port_from_string_auto(p, &stub->family, &stub->address, &stub->port);
+        r = in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(p, &stub->family, &stub->address, &stub->port, NULL, NULL);
         if (r < 0) {
                 log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
                            "Failed to parse address in %s=%s, ignoring assignment: %m",

src/resolve/resolved-dns-stub.c

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  * IP and UDP header sizes */
 #define ADVERTISE_DATAGRAM_SIZE_MAX (65536U-14U-20U-8U)
 
-static int manager_dns_stub_udp_fd_extra(Manager *m, DnsStubListenerExtra *l);
+static int manager_dns_stub_fd_extra(Manager *m, DnsStubListenerExtra *l, int type);
 
 static void dns_stub_listener_extra_hash_func(const DnsStubListenerExtra *a, struct siphash *state) {
         assert(a);
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ static int dns_stub_send(
                  * is because otherwise the kernel will choose it automatically based on the routing table and will
                  * thus pick 127.0.0.1 rather than 127.0.0.53. */
                 r = manager_send(m,
-                                 manager_dns_stub_udp_fd_extra(m, l),
+                                 manager_dns_stub_fd_extra(m, l, SOCK_DGRAM),
                                  l ? p->ifindex : LOOPBACK_IFINDEX, /* force loopback iface if this is the main listener stub */
                                  p->family, &p->sender, p->sender_port, &p->destination,
                                  reply);
@@ -477,151 +477,6 @@ static int on_dns_stub_packet_extra(sd_event_source *s, int fd, uint32_t revents
         return on_dns_stub_packet_internal(s, fd, revents, l->manager, l);
 }
 
-static int set_dns_stub_common_socket_options(int fd, int family) {
-        int r;
-
-        assert(fd >= 0);
-        assert(IN_SET(family, AF_INET, AF_INET6));
-
-        r = setsockopt_int(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, true);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
-
-        if (family == AF_INET) {
-                r = setsockopt_int(fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_PKTINFO, true);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-
-                r = setsockopt_int(fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_RECVTTL, true);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-        } else {
-                r = setsockopt_int(fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVPKTINFO, true);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-
-                r = setsockopt_int(fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT, true);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return r;
-        }
-
-        return 0;
-}
-
-static int manager_dns_stub_udp_fd(Manager *m) {
-        union sockaddr_union sa = {
-                .in.sin_family = AF_INET,
-                .in.sin_port = htobe16(53),
-                .in.sin_addr.s_addr = htobe32(INADDR_DNS_STUB),
-        };
-        _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
-        int r;
-
-        if (m->dns_stub_udp_event_source)
-                return sd_event_source_get_io_fd(m->dns_stub_udp_event_source);
-
-        fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
-        if (fd < 0)
-                return -errno;
-
-        r = set_dns_stub_common_socket_options(fd, AF_INET);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
-
-        /* Make sure no traffic from outside the local host can leak to onto this socket */
-        r = socket_bind_to_ifindex(fd, LOOPBACK_IFINDEX);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
-
-        if (bind(fd, &sa.sa, sizeof(sa.in)) < 0)
-                return -errno;
-
-        r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->dns_stub_udp_event_source, fd, EPOLLIN, on_dns_stub_packet, m);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
-
-        r = sd_event_source_set_io_fd_own(m->dns_stub_udp_event_source, true);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
-
-        (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->dns_stub_udp_event_source, "dns-stub-udp");
-
-        return TAKE_FD(fd);
-}
-
-static int manager_dns_stub_udp_fd_extra(Manager *m, DnsStubListenerExtra *l) {
-        _cleanup_free_ char *pretty = NULL;
-        _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
-        union sockaddr_union sa;
-        int r;
-
-        assert(m);
-
-        if (!l)
-                return manager_dns_stub_udp_fd(m);
-
-        if (l->udp_event_source)
-                return 0;
-
-        if (l->family == AF_INET)
-                sa = (union sockaddr_union) {
-                        .in.sin_family = l->family,
-                        .in.sin_port = htobe16(l->port != 0 ? l->port : 53U),
-                        .in.sin_addr = l->address.in,
-                };
-        else
-                sa = (union sockaddr_union) {
-                        .in6.sin6_family = l->family,
-                        .in6.sin6_port = htobe16(l->port != 0 ? l->port : 53U),
-                        .in6.sin6_addr = l->address.in6,
-                };
-
-        fd = socket(l->family, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
-        if (fd < 0) {
-                r = -errno;
-                goto fail;
-        }
-
-        if (l->family == AF_INET) {
-                r = setsockopt_int(fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FREEBIND, true);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        goto fail;
-        }
-
-        r = set_dns_stub_common_socket_options(fd, l->family);
-        if (r < 0)
-                goto fail;
-
-        if (bind(fd, &sa.sa, SOCKADDR_LEN(sa)) < 0) {
-                r = -errno;
-                goto fail;
-        }
-
-        r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &l->udp_event_source, fd, EPOLLIN, on_dns_stub_packet_extra, l);
-        if (r < 0)
-                goto fail;
-
-        r = sd_event_source_set_io_fd_own(l->udp_event_source, true);
-        if (r < 0)
-                goto fail;
-
-        (void) sd_event_source_set_description(l->udp_event_source, "dns-stub-udp-extra");
-
-        if (DEBUG_LOGGING) {
-                (void) in_addr_port_to_string(l->family, &l->address, l->port, &pretty);
-                log_debug("Listening on UDP socket %s.", strnull(pretty));
-        }
-
-        return TAKE_FD(fd);
-
-fail:
-        assert(r < 0);
-        (void) in_addr_port_to_string(l->family, &l->address, l->port, &pretty);
-        if (r == -EADDRINUSE)
-                return log_warning_errno(r, "Another process is already listening on UDP socket %s: %m", strnull(pretty));
-        return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to listen on UDP socket %s: %m", strnull(pretty));
-}
-
 static int on_dns_stub_stream_packet(DnsStream *s) {
         _cleanup_(dns_packet_unrefp) DnsPacket *p = NULL;
 
@@ -678,7 +533,38 @@ static int on_dns_stub_stream_extra(sd_event_source *s, int fd, uint32_t revents
         return on_dns_stub_stream_internal(s, fd, revents, l->manager, l);
 }
 
-static int manager_dns_stub_tcp_fd(Manager *m) {
+static int set_dns_stub_common_socket_options(int fd, int family) {
+        int r;
+
+        assert(fd >= 0);
+        assert(IN_SET(family, AF_INET, AF_INET6));
+
+        r = setsockopt_int(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, true);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        if (family == AF_INET) {
+                r = setsockopt_int(fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_PKTINFO, true);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                r = setsockopt_int(fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_RECVTTL, true);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+        } else {
+                r = setsockopt_int(fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVPKTINFO, true);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                r = setsockopt_int(fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT, true);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_dns_stub_fd(Manager *m, int type) {
         union sockaddr_union sa = {
                 .in.sin_family = AF_INET,
                 .in.sin_addr.s_addr = htobe32(INADDR_DNS_STUB),
@@ -687,10 +573,13 @@ static int manager_dns_stub_tcp_fd(Manager *m) {
         _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
         int r;
 
-        if (m->dns_stub_tcp_event_source)
-                return sd_event_source_get_io_fd(m->dns_stub_tcp_event_source);
+        assert(IN_SET(type, SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_STREAM));
 
-        fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
+        sd_event_source **event_source = type == SOCK_DGRAM ? &m->dns_stub_udp_event_source : &m->dns_stub_tcp_event_source;
+        if (*event_source)
+                return sd_event_source_get_io_fd(*event_source);
+
+        fd = socket(AF_INET, type | SOCK_CLOEXEC | SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
         if (fd < 0)
                 return -errno;
 
@@ -698,42 +587,53 @@ static int manager_dns_stub_tcp_fd(Manager *m) {
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        r = setsockopt_int(fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, 1);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
-
         /* Make sure no traffic from outside the local host can leak to onto this socket */
         r = socket_bind_to_ifindex(fd, LOOPBACK_IFINDEX);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
+        r = setsockopt_int(fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, 1);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
         if (bind(fd, &sa.sa, sizeof(sa.in)) < 0)
                 return -errno;
 
-        if (listen(fd, SOMAXCONN) < 0)
+        if (type == SOCK_STREAM &&
+            listen(fd, SOMAXCONN) < 0)
                 return -errno;
 
-        r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &m->dns_stub_tcp_event_source, fd, EPOLLIN, on_dns_stub_stream, m);
+        r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, event_source, fd, EPOLLIN,
+                            type == SOCK_DGRAM ? on_dns_stub_packet : on_dns_stub_stream,
+                            m);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        r = sd_event_source_set_io_fd_own(m->dns_stub_tcp_event_source, true);
+        r = sd_event_source_set_io_fd_own(*event_source, true);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        (void) sd_event_source_set_description(m->dns_stub_tcp_event_source, "dns-stub-tcp");
+        (void) sd_event_source_set_description(*event_source,
+                                               type == SOCK_DGRAM ? "dns-stub-udp" : "dns-stub-tcp");
 
         return TAKE_FD(fd);
 }
 
-static int manager_dns_stub_tcp_fd_extra(Manager *m, DnsStubListenerExtra *l) {
+static int manager_dns_stub_fd_extra(Manager *m, DnsStubListenerExtra *l, int type) {
         _cleanup_free_ char *pretty = NULL;
         _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1;
         union sockaddr_union sa;
         int r;
 
-        if (l->tcp_event_source)
-                return sd_event_source_get_io_fd(l->tcp_event_source);;
+        assert(m);
+        assert(IN_SET(type, SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_STREAM));
+
+        if (!l)
+                return manager_dns_stub_fd(m, type);
+
+        sd_event_source **event_source = type == SOCK_DGRAM ? &l->udp_event_source : &l->tcp_event_source;
+        if (*event_source)
+                return sd_event_source_get_io_fd(*event_source);
 
         if (l->family == AF_INET)
                 sa = (union sockaddr_union) {
@@ -748,7 +648,7 @@ static int manager_dns_stub_tcp_fd_extra(Manager *m, DnsStubListenerExtra *l) {
                         .in6.sin6_addr = l->address.in6,
                 };
 
-        fd = socket(l->family, SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_CLOEXEC|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
+        fd = socket(l->family, type | SOCK_CLOEXEC | SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);
         if (fd < 0) {
                 r = -errno;
                 goto fail;
@@ -758,8 +658,8 @@ static int manager_dns_stub_tcp_fd_extra(Manager *m, DnsStubListenerExtra *l) {
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
-        /* Do not set IP_TTL for extra DNS stub listners, as the address may not be local and in that
-         * case people may want ttl > 1. */
+        /* Do not set IP_TTL for extra DNS stub listners, as the address may not be local and in that case
+         * people may want ttl > 1. */
 
         if (l->family == AF_INET)
                 r = setsockopt_int(fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FREEBIND, true);
@@ -773,24 +673,30 @@ static int manager_dns_stub_tcp_fd_extra(Manager *m, DnsStubListenerExtra *l) {
                 goto fail;
         }
 
-        if (listen(fd, SOMAXCONN) < 0) {
+        if (type == SOCK_STREAM &&
+            listen(fd, SOMAXCONN) < 0) {
                 r = -errno;
                 goto fail;
         }
 
-        r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, &l->tcp_event_source, fd, EPOLLIN, on_dns_stub_stream_extra, l);
+        r = sd_event_add_io(m->event, event_source, fd, EPOLLIN,
+                            type == SOCK_DGRAM ? on_dns_stub_packet_extra : on_dns_stub_stream_extra,
+                            l);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
-        r = sd_event_source_set_io_fd_own(l->tcp_event_source, true);
+        r = sd_event_source_set_io_fd_own(*event_source, true);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
-        (void) sd_event_source_set_description(l->tcp_event_source, "dns-stub-tcp-extra");
+        (void) sd_event_source_set_description(*event_source,
+                                               type == SOCK_DGRAM ? "dns-stub-udp-extra" : "dns-stub-tcp-extra");
 
         if (DEBUG_LOGGING) {
                 (void) in_addr_port_to_string(l->family, &l->address, l->port, &pretty);
-                log_debug("Listening on TCP socket %s.", strnull(pretty));
+                log_debug("Listening on %s socket %s.",
+                          type == SOCK_DGRAM ? "UDP" : "TCP",
+                          strnull(pretty));
         }
 
         return TAKE_FD(fd);
@@ -798,9 +704,11 @@ static int manager_dns_stub_tcp_fd_extra(Manager *m, DnsStubListenerExtra *l) {
 fail:
         assert(r < 0);
         (void) in_addr_port_to_string(l->family, &l->address, l->port, &pretty);
-        if (r == -EADDRINUSE)
-                return log_warning_errno(r, "Another process is already listening on TCP socket %s: %m", strnull(pretty));
-        return log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to listen on TCP socket %s: %m", strnull(pretty));
+        return log_warning_errno(r,
+                                 r == -EADDRINUSE ? "Another process is already listening on %s socket %s: %m" :
+                                                    "Failed to listen on %s socket %s: %m",
+                                 type == SOCK_DGRAM ? "UDP" : "TCP",
+                                 strnull(pretty));
 }
 
 int manager_dns_stub_start(Manager *m) {
@@ -818,23 +726,21 @@ int manager_dns_stub_start(Manager *m) {
                           "UDP/TCP");
 
         if (FLAGS_SET(m->dns_stub_listener_mode, DNS_STUB_LISTENER_UDP))
-                r = manager_dns_stub_udp_fd(m);
+                r = manager_dns_stub_fd(m, SOCK_DGRAM);
 
         if (r >= 0 &&
             FLAGS_SET(m->dns_stub_listener_mode, DNS_STUB_LISTENER_TCP)) {
                 t = "TCP";
-                r = manager_dns_stub_tcp_fd(m);
+                r = manager_dns_stub_fd(m, SOCK_STREAM);
         }
 
         if (IN_SET(r, -EADDRINUSE, -EPERM)) {
-                if (r == -EADDRINUSE)
-                        log_warning_errno(r,
-                                          "Another process is already listening on %s socket 127.0.0.53:53.\n"
-                                          "Turning off local DNS stub support.", t);
-                else
                 log_warning_errno(r,
+                                  r == -EADDRINUSE ? "Another process is already listening on %s socket 127.0.0.53:53.\n"
+                                                     "Turning off local DNS stub support." :
                                                      "Failed to listen on %s socket 127.0.0.53:53: %m.\n"
-                                          "Turning off local DNS stub support.", t);
+                                                     "Turning off local DNS stub support.",
+                                  t);
                 manager_dns_stub_stop(m);
         } else if (r < 0)
                 return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to listen on %s socket 127.0.0.53:53: %m", t);
@@ -846,9 +752,9 @@ int manager_dns_stub_start(Manager *m) {
 
                 ORDERED_SET_FOREACH(l, m->dns_extra_stub_listeners) {
                         if (FLAGS_SET(l->mode, DNS_STUB_LISTENER_UDP))
-                                (void) manager_dns_stub_udp_fd_extra(m, l);
+                                (void) manager_dns_stub_fd_extra(m, l, SOCK_DGRAM);
                         if (FLAGS_SET(l->mode, DNS_STUB_LISTENER_TCP))
-                                (void) manager_dns_stub_tcp_fd_extra(m, l);
+                                (void) manager_dns_stub_fd_extra(m, l, SOCK_STREAM);
                 }
         }
 

src/resolve/resolved-dnssd.c

@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ static int specifier_dnssd_host_name(char specifier, const void *data, const voi
         return 0;
 }
 
-int dnssd_render_instance_name(DnssdService *s, char **ret_name) {
+int dnssd_render_instance_name(const char *name_template, char **ret_name) {
         static const Specifier specifier_table[] = {
                 { 'm', specifier_machine_id,      NULL },
                 { 'b', specifier_boot_id,         NULL },
@@ -171,18 +171,16 @@ int dnssd_render_instance_name(DnssdService *s, char **ret_name) {
         _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL;
         int r;
 
-        assert(s);
-        assert(s->name_template);
+        assert(name_template);
 
-        r = specifier_printf(s->name_template, specifier_table, s, &name);
+        r = specifier_printf(name_template, specifier_table, NULL, &name);
         if (r < 0)
-                return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to replace specifiers: %m");
+                return r;
 
         if (!dns_service_name_is_valid(name))
-                return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
-                                       "Service instance name '%s' is invalid.",
-                                       name);
+                return -EINVAL;
 
+        if (ret_name)
                 *ret_name = TAKE_PTR(name);
 
         return 0;
@@ -227,7 +225,7 @@ int dnssd_update_rrs(DnssdService *s) {
         LIST_FOREACH(items, txt_data, s->txt_data_items)
                 txt_data->rr = dns_resource_record_unref(txt_data->rr);
 
-        r = dnssd_render_instance_name(s, &n);
+        r = dnssd_render_instance_name(s->name_template, &n);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 

src/resolve/resolved-dnssd.h

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ DnssdTxtData *dnssd_txtdata_free_all(DnssdTxtData *txt_data);
 DEFINE_TRIVIAL_CLEANUP_FUNC(DnssdService*, dnssd_service_free);
 DEFINE_TRIVIAL_CLEANUP_FUNC(DnssdTxtData*, dnssd_txtdata_free);
 
-int dnssd_render_instance_name(DnssdService *s, char **ret_name);
+int dnssd_render_instance_name(const char *name_template, char **ret_name);
 int dnssd_load(Manager *manager);
 int dnssd_txt_item_new_from_string(const char *key, const char *value, DnsTxtItem **ret_item);
 int dnssd_txt_item_new_from_data(const char *key, const void *value, const size_t size, DnsTxtItem **ret_item);

src/shared/conf-parser.c

@@ -183,14 +183,12 @@ static int parse_line(
                 k = strlen(l);
                 assert(k > 0);
 
-                if (l[k-1] != ']') {
-                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Invalid section header '%s'", l);
-                        return -EBADMSG;
-                }
+                if (l[k-1] != ']')
+                        return log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EBADMSG), "Invalid section header '%s'", l);
 
                 n = strndup(l+1, k-2);
                 if (!n)
-                        return -ENOMEM;
+                        return log_oom();
 
                 if (sections && !nulstr_contains(sections, n)) {
                         bool ignore = flags & CONFIG_PARSE_RELAXED;

src/shared/ethtool-util.c

@@ -938,12 +938,13 @@ int config_parse_channel(const char *unit,
 
         r = safe_atou32(rvalue, &k);
         if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse channel value, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
+                           "Failed to parse channel value for %s=, ignoring: %s", lvalue, rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
-
         if (k < 1) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Invalid %s value, ignoring: %s", lvalue, rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, 0,
+                           "Invalid %s= value, ignoring: %s", lvalue, rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
 
@@ -998,24 +999,24 @@ int config_parse_advertise(const char *unit,
                 if (r == -ENOMEM)
                         return log_oom();
                 if (r < 0) {
-                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to split advertise modes '%s', ignoring: %m", rvalue);
-                        break;
+                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
+                                   "Failed to split advertise modes '%s', ignoring assignment: %m", rvalue);
+                        return 0;
                 }
                 if (r == 0)
-                        break;
+                        return 0;
 
                 mode = ethtool_link_mode_bit_from_string(w);
                 /* We reuse the kernel provided enum which does not contain negative value. So, the cast
                  * below is mandatory. Otherwise, the check below always passes and access an invalid address. */
                 if ((int) mode < 0) {
-                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Failed to parse advertise mode, ignoring: %s", w);
+                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, 0,
+                                   "Failed to parse advertise mode, ignoring: %s", w);
                         continue;
                 }
 
                 advertise[mode / 32] |= 1UL << (mode % 32);
         }
-
-        return 0;
 }
 
 int config_parse_nic_buffer_size(const char *unit,
@@ -1040,12 +1041,13 @@ int config_parse_nic_buffer_size(const char *unit,
 
         r = safe_atou32(rvalue, &k);
         if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse interface buffer value, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
+                           "Failed to parse interface buffer value, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
-
         if (k < 1) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Invalid %s value, ignoring: %s", lvalue, rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, 0,
+                           "Invalid %s= value, ignoring: %s", lvalue, rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
 

src/shared/socket-netlink.c

@@ -62,75 +62,23 @@ int socket_address_parse(SocketAddress *a, const char *s) {
         assert(a);
         assert(s);
 
-        *a = (SocketAddress) {
-                .type = SOCK_STREAM,
-        };
+        if (IN_SET(*s, '/', '@')) {
+                /* AF_UNIX socket */
+                struct sockaddr_un un;
 
-        if (*s == '[') {
-                uint16_t port;
-
-                /* IPv6 in [x:.....:z]:p notation */
-
-                e = strchr(s+1, ']');
-                if (!e)
-                        return -EINVAL;
-
-                n = strndup(s+1, e-s-1);
-                if (!n)
-                        return -ENOMEM;
-
-                errno = 0;
-                if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, n, &a->sockaddr.in6.sin6_addr) <= 0)
-                        return errno_or_else(EINVAL);
-
-                e++;
-                if (*e != ':')
-                        return -EINVAL;
-
-                e++;
-                r = parse_ip_port(e, &port);
+                r = sockaddr_un_set_path(&un, s);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return r;
 
-                a->sockaddr.in6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
-                a->sockaddr.in6.sin6_port = htobe16(port);
-                a->size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
-
-        } else if (*s == '/') {
-                /* AF_UNIX socket */
-
-                size_t l;
-
-                l = strlen(s);
-                if (l >= sizeof(a->sockaddr.un.sun_path)) /* Note that we refuse non-NUL-terminated sockets when
-                                                           * parsing (the kernel itself is less strict here in what it
-                                                           * accepts) */
-                        return -EINVAL;
-
-                a->sockaddr.un.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
-                memcpy(a->sockaddr.un.sun_path, s, l);
-                a->size = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + l + 1;
-
-        } else if (*s == '@') {
-                /* Abstract AF_UNIX socket */
-                size_t l;
-
-                l = strlen(s+1);
-                if (l >= sizeof(a->sockaddr.un.sun_path) - 1) /* Note that we refuse non-NUL-terminated sockets here
-                                                               * when parsing, even though abstract namespace sockets
-                                                               * explicitly allow embedded NUL bytes and don't consider
-                                                               * them special. But it's simply annoying to debug such
-                                                               * sockets. */
-                        return -EINVAL;
-
-                a->sockaddr.un.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
-                memcpy(a->sockaddr.un.sun_path+1, s+1, l);
-                a->size = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + 1 + l;
+                *a = (SocketAddress) {
+                        .sockaddr.un = un,
+                        .size = r,
+                };
 
         } else if (startswith(s, "vsock:")) {
                 /* AF_VSOCK socket in vsock:cid:port notation */
                 const char *cid_start = s + STRLEN("vsock:");
-                unsigned port;
+                unsigned port, cid;
 
                 e = strchr(cid_start, ':');
                 if (!e)
@@ -144,72 +92,82 @@ int socket_address_parse(SocketAddress *a, const char *s) {
                 if (!n)
                         return -ENOMEM;
 
-                if (!isempty(n)) {
-                        r = safe_atou(n, &a->sockaddr.vm.svm_cid);
+                if (isempty(n))
+                        cid = VMADDR_CID_ANY;
+                else {
+                        r = safe_atou(n, &cid);
                         if (r < 0)
                                 return r;
-                } else
-                        a->sockaddr.vm.svm_cid = VMADDR_CID_ANY;
+                }
 
-                a->sockaddr.vm.svm_family = AF_VSOCK;
-                a->sockaddr.vm.svm_port = port;
-                a->size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_vm);
+                *a = (SocketAddress) {
+                        .sockaddr.vm = {
+                                .svm_cid = cid,
+                                .svm_family = AF_VSOCK,
+                                .svm_port = port,
+                        },
+                        .size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_vm),
+                };
 
         } else {
                 uint16_t port;
 
-                e = strchr(s, ':');
-                if (e) {
-                        r = parse_ip_port(e + 1, &port);
-                        if (r < 0)
-                                return r;
-
-                        n = strndup(s, e-s);
-                        if (!n)
-                                return -ENOMEM;
-
-                        /* IPv4 in w.x.y.z:p notation? */
-                        r = inet_pton(AF_INET, n, &a->sockaddr.in.sin_addr);
-                        if (r < 0)
-                                return -errno;
-
-                        if (r > 0) {
-                                /* Gotcha, it's a traditional IPv4 address */
-                                a->sockaddr.in.sin_family = AF_INET;
-                                a->sockaddr.in.sin_port = htobe16(port);
-                                a->size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
-                        } else {
-                                int idx;
-
-                                /* Uh, our last resort, an interface name */
-                                idx = resolve_ifname(NULL, n);
-                                if (idx < 0)
-                                        return idx;
-
-                                a->sockaddr.in6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
-                                a->sockaddr.in6.sin6_port = htobe16(port);
-                                a->sockaddr.in6.sin6_scope_id = idx;
-                                a->sockaddr.in6.sin6_addr = in6addr_any;
-                                a->size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
-                        }
-                } else {
-
-                        /* Just a port */
                 r = parse_ip_port(s, &port);
+                if (r == -ERANGE)
+                        return r; /* Valid port syntax, but the numerical value is wrong for a port. */
+                if (r >= 0) {
+                        /* Just a port */
+                        if (socket_ipv6_is_supported())
+                                *a = (SocketAddress) {
+                                        .sockaddr.in6 = {
+                                                .sin6_family = AF_INET6,
+                                                .sin6_port = htobe16(port),
+                                                .sin6_addr = in6addr_any,
+                                        },
+                                        .size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6),
+                                };
+                        else
+                                *a = (SocketAddress) {
+                                        .sockaddr.in = {
+                                                .sin_family = AF_INET,
+                                                .sin_port = htobe16(port),
+                                                .sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY,
+                                        },
+                                        .size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in),
+                                };
+
+                } else {
+                        union in_addr_union address;
+                        int family, ifindex;
+
+                        r = in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(s, &family, &address, &port, &ifindex, NULL);
                         if (r < 0)
                                 return r;
 
-                        if (socket_ipv6_is_supported()) {
-                                a->sockaddr.in6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
-                                a->sockaddr.in6.sin6_port = htobe16(port);
-                                a->sockaddr.in6.sin6_addr = in6addr_any;
-                                a->size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
-                        } else {
-                                a->sockaddr.in.sin_family = AF_INET;
-                                a->sockaddr.in.sin_port = htobe16(port);
-                                a->sockaddr.in.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
-                                a->size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
-                        }
+                        if (port == 0) /* No port, no go. */
+                                return -EINVAL;
+
+                        if (family == AF_INET)
+                                *a = (SocketAddress) {
+                                        .sockaddr.in = {
+                                                .sin_family = AF_INET,
+                                                .sin_addr = address.in,
+                                                .sin_port = htobe16(port),
+                                        },
+                                        .size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in),
+                                };
+                        else if (family == AF_INET6)
+                                *a = (SocketAddress) {
+                                        .sockaddr.in6 = {
+                                                .sin6_family = AF_INET6,
+                                                .sin6_addr = address.in6,
+                                                .sin6_port = htobe16(port),
+                                                .sin6_scope_id = ifindex,
+                                        },
+                                        .size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6),
+                                };
+                        else
+                                assert_not_reached("Family quarrel");
                 }
         }
 
@@ -243,10 +201,6 @@ int socket_address_parse_netlink(SocketAddress *a, const char *s) {
         assert(a);
         assert(s);
 
-        *a = (SocketAddress) {
-                .type = SOCK_RAW,
-        };
-
         r = extract_first_word(&s, &word, NULL, 0);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
@@ -263,12 +217,13 @@ int socket_address_parse_netlink(SocketAddress *a, const char *s) {
                         return r;
         }
 
-        a->sockaddr.nl.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
-        a->sockaddr.nl.nl_groups = group;
-
-        a->type = SOCK_RAW;
-        a->size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_nl);
-        a->protocol = family;
+        *a = (SocketAddress) {
+                .type = SOCK_RAW,
+                .sockaddr.nl.nl_family = AF_NETLINK,
+                .sockaddr.nl.nl_groups = group,
+                .protocol = family,
+                .size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_nl),
+        };
 
         return 0;
 }
@@ -345,10 +300,14 @@ int in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(
 
         /* This accepts the following:
          * 192.168.0.1:53#example.com
-         * [2001:4860:4860::8888]:53%eth0#example.com */
-
-        /* if ret_port is NULL, then strings with port cannot be specified.
-         * Also, if ret_server_name is NULL, then server_name cannot be specified. */
+         * [2001:4860:4860::8888]:53%eth0#example.com
+         *
+         * If ret_port is NULL, then the port cannot be specified.
+         * If ret_ifindex is NULL, then the interface index cannot be specified.
+         * If ret_server_name is NULL, then server_name cannot be specified.
+         *
+         * ret_family is always AF_INET or AF_INET6.
+         */
 
         m = strchr(s, '#');
         if (m) {
@@ -369,15 +328,19 @@ int in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(
 
         m = strchr(s, '%');
         if (m) {
+                if (!ret_ifindex)
+                        return -EINVAL;
+
                 if (isempty(m + 1))
                         return -EINVAL;
 
-                if (ret_ifindex) {
-                        /* If we shall return the interface index, try to parse it */
+                if (!ifname_valid_full(m + 1, IFNAME_VALID_ALTERNATIVE | IFNAME_VALID_NUMERIC))
+                        return -EINVAL; /* We want to return -EINVAL for syntactically invalid names,
+                                         * and -ENODEV for valid but nonexistent interfaces. */
+
                 ifindex = resolve_interface(NULL, m + 1);
                 if (ifindex < 0)
                         return ifindex;
-                }
 
                 s = buf2 = strndup(s, m - s);
                 if (!buf2)
@@ -455,36 +418,6 @@ int in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(
         return r;
 }
 
-int in_addr_port_from_string_auto(
-                const char *s,
-                int *ret_family,
-                union in_addr_union *ret_address,
-                uint16_t *ret_port) {
-
-        union in_addr_union addr;
-        int family, ifindex, r;
-        uint16_t port;
-
-        assert(s);
-
-        r = in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(s, &family, &addr, &port, &ifindex, NULL);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return r;
-
-        /* This does not accept interface specified. */
-        if (ifindex != 0)
-                return -EINVAL;
-
-        if (ret_family)
-                *ret_family = family;
-        if (ret_address)
-                *ret_address = addr;
-        if (ret_port)
-                *ret_port = port;
-
-        return r;
-}
-
 struct in_addr_full *in_addr_full_free(struct in_addr_full *a) {
         if (!a)
                 return NULL;

src/shared/socket-netlink.h

@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ static inline int in_addr_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(const char *s, int *fami
 static inline int in_addr_ifindex_from_string_auto(const char *s, int *family, union in_addr_union *ret, int *ifindex) {
         return in_addr_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(s, family, ret, ifindex, NULL);
 }
-int in_addr_port_from_string_auto(const char *s, int *ret_family, union in_addr_union *ret_address, uint16_t *ret_port);
 
 struct in_addr_full {
         int family;

src/shared/vlan-util.c

@@ -86,11 +86,13 @@ int config_parse_vlanid(
 
         r = parse_vlanid(rvalue, id);
         if (r == -ERANGE) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "VLAN identifier outside of valid range 0…4094, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
+                           "VLAN identifier outside of valid range 0…4094, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
         if (r < 0) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse VLAN identifier value, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
+                           "Failed to parse VLAN identifier value, ignoring: %s", rvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
 

src/test/test-copy.c

@@ -81,10 +81,12 @@ static void test_copy_tree(void) {
         char original_dir[] = "/tmp/test-copy_tree/";
         char copy_dir[] = "/tmp/test-copy_tree-copy/";
         char **files = STRV_MAKE("file", "dir1/file", "dir1/dir2/file", "dir1/dir2/dir3/dir4/dir5/file");
-        char **links = STRV_MAKE("link", "file",
+        char **symlinks = STRV_MAKE("link", "file",
                                     "link2", "dir1/file");
+        char **hardlinks = STRV_MAKE("hlink", "file",
+                                     "hlink2", "dir1/file");
         const char *unixsockp;
-        char **p, **link;
+        char **p, **ll;
         struct stat st;
         int xattr_worked = -1; /* xattr support is optional in temporary directories, hence use it if we can,
                                 * but don't fail if we can't */
@@ -110,20 +112,30 @@ static void test_copy_tree(void) {
                 xattr_worked = k >= 0;
         }
 
-        STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(link, p, links) {
+        STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(ll, p, symlinks) {
                 _cleanup_free_ char *f, *l;
 
                 assert_se(f = path_join(original_dir, *p));
-                assert_se(l = path_join(original_dir, *link));
+                assert_se(l = path_join(original_dir, *ll));
 
                 assert_se(mkdir_parents(l, 0755) >= 0);
                 assert_se(symlink(f, l) == 0);
         }
 
+        STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(ll, p, hardlinks) {
+                _cleanup_free_ char *f, *l;
+
+                assert_se(f = path_join(original_dir, *p));
+                assert_se(l = path_join(original_dir, *ll));
+
+                assert_se(mkdir_parents(l, 0755) >= 0);
+                assert_se(link(f, l) == 0);
+        }
+
         unixsockp = strjoina(original_dir, "unixsock");
         assert_se(mknod(unixsockp, S_IFSOCK|0644, 0) >= 0);
 
-        assert_se(copy_tree(original_dir, copy_dir, UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_MERGE) == 0);
+        assert_se(copy_tree(original_dir, copy_dir, UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, COPY_REFLINK|COPY_MERGE|COPY_HARDLINKS) == 0);
 
         STRV_FOREACH(p, files) {
                 _cleanup_free_ char *buf, *f, *c = NULL;
@@ -147,16 +159,30 @@ static void test_copy_tree(void) {
                 }
         }
 
-        STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(link, p, links) {
+        STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(ll, p, symlinks) {
                 _cleanup_free_ char *target, *f, *l;
 
                 assert_se(f = strjoin(original_dir, *p));
-                assert_se(l = strjoin(copy_dir, *link));
+                assert_se(l = strjoin(copy_dir, *ll));
 
                 assert_se(chase_symlinks(l, NULL, 0, &target, NULL) == 1);
                 assert_se(path_equal(f, target));
         }
 
+        STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(ll, p, hardlinks) {
+                _cleanup_free_ char *f, *l;
+                struct stat a, b;
+
+                assert_se(f = strjoin(copy_dir, *p));
+                assert_se(l = strjoin(copy_dir, *ll));
+
+                assert_se(lstat(f, &a) >= 0);
+                assert_se(lstat(l, &b) >= 0);
+
+                assert_se(a.st_ino == b.st_ino);
+                assert_se(a.st_dev == b.st_dev);
+        }
+
         unixsockp = strjoina(copy_dir, "unixsock");
         assert_se(stat(unixsockp, &st) >= 0);
         assert_se(S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode));

src/test/test-in-addr-util.c

@@ -58,6 +58,8 @@ static void test_in_addr_prefix_from_string_one(
 }
 
 static void test_in_addr_prefix_from_string(void) {
+        log_info("/* %s */", __func__);
+
         test_in_addr_prefix_from_string_one("", AF_INET, -EINVAL, NULL, 0, -EINVAL, 0, -EINVAL, 0);
         test_in_addr_prefix_from_string_one("/", AF_INET, -EINVAL, NULL, 0, -EINVAL, 0, -EINVAL, 0);
         test_in_addr_prefix_from_string_one("/8", AF_INET, -EINVAL, NULL, 0, -EINVAL, 0, -EINVAL, 0);
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ static void test_in_addr_prefix_to_string_valid(int family, const char *p) {
         union in_addr_union u;
         unsigned char l;
 
-        log_info("/* %s */", p);
+        log_info("%s: %s", __func__, p);
 
         assert_se(in_addr_prefix_from_string(p, family, &u, &l) >= 0);
         assert_se(in_addr_prefix_to_string(family, &u, l, &str) >= 0);
@@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ static void test_in_addr_prefix_to_string_unoptimized(int family, const char *p)
         union in_addr_union u1, u2;
         unsigned char len1, len2;
 
-        log_info("/* %s */", p);
+        log_info("%s: %s", __func__, p);
 
         assert_se(in_addr_prefix_from_string(p, family, &u1, &len1) >= 0);
         assert_se(in_addr_prefix_to_string(family, &u1, len1, &str1) >= 0);
@@ -115,6 +117,8 @@ static void test_in_addr_prefix_to_string_unoptimized(int family, const char *p)
 }
 
 static void test_in_addr_prefix_to_string(void) {
+        log_info("/* %s */", __func__);
+
         test_in_addr_prefix_to_string_valid(AF_INET, "0.0.0.0/32");
         test_in_addr_prefix_to_string_valid(AF_INET, "1.2.3.4/0");
         test_in_addr_prefix_to_string_valid(AF_INET, "1.2.3.4/24");
@@ -137,6 +141,8 @@ static void test_in_addr_random_prefix(void) {
         _cleanup_free_ char *str = NULL;
         union in_addr_union a;
 
+        log_info("/* %s */", __func__);
+
         assert_se(in_addr_from_string(AF_INET, "192.168.10.1", &a) >= 0);
 
         assert_se(in_addr_random_prefix(AF_INET, &a, 31, 32) >= 0);

src/test/test-socket-netlink.c

@@ -12,11 +12,20 @@ static void test_socket_address_parse_one(const char *in, int ret, int family, c
         int r;
 
         r = socket_address_parse(&a, in);
-        if (r >= 0)
-                assert_se(socket_address_print(&a, &out) >= 0);
+        if (r >= 0) {
+                r = socket_address_print(&a, &out);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        log_error_errno(r, "Printing failed for \"%s\": %m", in);
+                assert(r >= 0);
+                assert_se(a.type == 0);
+        }
 
-        log_info("\"%s\" → %s → \"%s\" (expect \"%s\")", in,
-                 r >= 0 ? "✓" : "✗", empty_to_dash(out), r >= 0 ? expected ?: in : "-");
+        log_info("\"%s\" → %s %d → \"%s\" (expect %d / \"%s\")",
+                 in,
+                 r >= 0 ? "✓" : "✗", r,
+                 empty_to_dash(out),
+                 ret,
+                 ret >= 0 ? expected ?: in : "-");
         assert_se(r == ret);
         if (r >= 0) {
                 assert_se(a.sockaddr.sa.sa_family == family);
@@ -50,14 +59,24 @@ static void test_socket_address_parse(void) {
         test_socket_address_parse_one("[::1]:0", -EINVAL, 0, NULL);
         test_socket_address_parse_one("[::1]:65536", -ERANGE, 0, NULL);
         test_socket_address_parse_one("[a:b:1]:8888", -EINVAL, 0, NULL);
+        test_socket_address_parse_one("[::1]%lo:1234", -EINVAL, 0, NULL);
+        test_socket_address_parse_one("[::1]%lo:0", -EINVAL, 0, NULL);
+        test_socket_address_parse_one("[::1]%lo", -EINVAL, 0, NULL);
+        test_socket_address_parse_one("[::1]%lo%lo:1234", -EINVAL, 0, NULL);
+        test_socket_address_parse_one("[::1]% lo:1234", -EINVAL, 0, NULL);
 
         test_socket_address_parse_one("8888", 0, default_family, "[::]:8888");
         test_socket_address_parse_one("[2001:0db8:0000:85a3:0000:0000:ac1f:8001]:8888", 0, AF_INET6,
                                       "[2001:db8:0:85a3::ac1f:8001]:8888");
         test_socket_address_parse_one("[::1]:8888", 0, AF_INET6, NULL);
+        test_socket_address_parse_one("[::1]:1234%lo", 0, AF_INET6, NULL);
+        test_socket_address_parse_one("[::1]:0%lo", -EINVAL, 0, NULL);
+        test_socket_address_parse_one("[::1]%lo", -EINVAL, 0, NULL);
+        test_socket_address_parse_one("[::1]:1234%lo%lo", -ENODEV, 0, NULL);
+        test_socket_address_parse_one("[::1]:1234%xxxxasdf", -ENODEV, 0, NULL);
         test_socket_address_parse_one("192.168.1.254:8888", 0, AF_INET, NULL);
         test_socket_address_parse_one("/foo/bar", 0, AF_UNIX, NULL);
-        test_socket_address_parse_one("/", 0, AF_UNIX, NULL);
+        test_socket_address_parse_one("/", -EINVAL, 0, NULL);
         test_socket_address_parse_one("@abstract", 0, AF_UNIX, NULL);
 
         {
@@ -198,9 +217,13 @@ static void test_socket_address_is(void) {
         log_info("/* %s */", __func__);
 
         assert_se(socket_address_parse(&a, "192.168.1.1:8888") >= 0);
-        assert_se(socket_address_is(&a, "192.168.1.1:8888", SOCK_STREAM));
+        assert_se( socket_address_is(&a, "192.168.1.1:8888", 0 /* unspecified yet */));
+        assert_se(!socket_address_is(&a, "route", 0));
         assert_se(!socket_address_is(&a, "route", SOCK_STREAM));
         assert_se(!socket_address_is(&a, "192.168.1.1:8888", SOCK_RAW));
+        assert_se(!socket_address_is(&a, "192.168.1.1:8888", SOCK_STREAM));
+        a.type = SOCK_STREAM;
+        assert_se( socket_address_is(&a, "192.168.1.1:8888", SOCK_STREAM));
 }
 
 static void test_socket_address_is_netlink(void) {
@@ -284,66 +307,83 @@ static void test_in_addr_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(void) {
         test_in_addr_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("fe80::18%19#another.test.com", "another.test.com");
 }
 
-static void test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one(const char *str, int family, uint16_t port, int ifindex, const char *server_name) {
-        _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL, *x = NULL;
+static void test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one(const char *str, int family, uint16_t port, int ifindex,
+                                                                const char *server_name, const char *str_repr) {
         union in_addr_union a;
         uint16_t p;
         int f, i;
+        char *fake;
 
-        assert_se(in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(str, &f, &a, &p, &i, &name) >= 0);
+        log_info("%s: %s", __func__, str);
+
+        {
+                _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL, *x = NULL;
+                assert_se(in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(str, &f, &a, &p, &i, &name) == 0);
                 assert_se(family == f);
                 assert_se(port == p);
                 assert_se(ifindex == i);
                 assert_se(streq_ptr(server_name, name));
                 assert_se(in_addr_port_ifindex_name_to_string(f, &a, p, i, name, &x) >= 0);
-        assert_se(streq(str, x));
+                assert_se(streq(str_repr ?: str, x));
+        }
+
+        if (port > 0)
+                assert_se(in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(str, &f, &a, NULL, &i, &fake) == -EINVAL);
+        else {
+                _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL, *x = NULL;
+                assert_se(in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(str, &f, &a, NULL, &i, &name) == 0);
+                assert_se(family == f);
+                assert_se(ifindex == i);
+                assert_se(streq_ptr(server_name, name));
+                assert_se(in_addr_port_ifindex_name_to_string(f, &a, 0, i, name, &x) >= 0);
+                assert_se(streq(str_repr ?: str, x));
+        }
+
+        if (ifindex > 0)
+                assert_se(in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(str, &f, &a, &p, NULL, &fake) == -EINVAL);
+        else {
+                _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL, *x = NULL;
+                assert_se(in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(str, &f, &a, &p, NULL, &name) == 0);
+                assert_se(family == f);
+                assert_se(port == p);
+                assert_se(streq_ptr(server_name, name));
+                assert_se(in_addr_port_ifindex_name_to_string(f, &a, p, 0, name, &x) >= 0);
+                assert_se(streq(str_repr ?: str, x));
+        }
+
+        if (server_name)
+                assert_se(in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(str, &f, &a, &p, &i, NULL) == -EINVAL);
+        else {
+                _cleanup_free_ char *x = NULL;
+                assert_se(in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(str, &f, &a, &p, &i, NULL) == 0);
+                assert_se(family == f);
+                assert_se(port == p);
+                assert_se(ifindex == i);
+                assert_se(in_addr_port_ifindex_name_to_string(f, &a, p, i, NULL, &x) >= 0);
+                assert_se(streq(str_repr ?: str, x));
+        }
 }
 
 static void test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto(void) {
         log_info("/* %s */", __func__);
 
-        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("192.168.0.1", AF_INET, 0, 0, NULL);
-        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("192.168.0.1#test.com", AF_INET, 0, 0, "test.com");
-        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("192.168.0.1:53", AF_INET, 53, 0, NULL);
-        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("192.168.0.1:53#example.com", AF_INET, 53, 0, "example.com");
-        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("fe80::18", AF_INET6, 0, 0, NULL);
-        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("fe80::18#hoge.com", AF_INET6, 0, 0, "hoge.com");
-        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("fe80::18%19", AF_INET6, 0, 19, NULL);
-        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("[fe80::18]:53", AF_INET6, 53, 0, NULL);
-        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("fe80::18%19#hoge.com", AF_INET6, 0, 19, "hoge.com");
-        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("[fe80::18]:53#hoge.com", AF_INET6, 53, 0, "hoge.com");
-        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("[fe80::18]:53%19", AF_INET6, 53, 19, NULL);
-        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("[fe80::18]:53%19#hoge.com", AF_INET6, 53, 19, "hoge.com");
-}
-
-static void test_in_addr_port_from_string_auto_one(const char *str, int family, const char *address_string, uint16_t port) {
-        union in_addr_union a, b;
-        uint16_t p;
-        int f;
-
-        assert_se(in_addr_port_from_string_auto(str, &f, &a, &p) >= 0);
-        assert_se(family == f);
-        assert_se(port == p);
-        assert_se(in_addr_from_string(family, address_string, &b) >= 0);
-        assert_se(in_addr_equal(family, &a, &b) == 1);
-}
-
-static void test_in_addr_port_from_string_auto(void) {
-        log_info("/* %s */", __func__);
-
-        assert_se(in_addr_port_from_string_auto("192.168.0.1#test.com", NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0);
-        assert_se(in_addr_port_from_string_auto("192.168.0.1:53#example.com", NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0);
-        assert_se(in_addr_port_from_string_auto("fe80::18#hoge.com", NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0);
-        assert_se(in_addr_port_from_string_auto("fe80::18%19", NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0);
-        assert_se(in_addr_port_from_string_auto("fe80::18%19#hoge.com", NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0);
-        assert_se(in_addr_port_from_string_auto("[fe80::18]:53#hoge.com", NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0);
-        assert_se(in_addr_port_from_string_auto("[fe80::18]:53%19", NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0);
-        assert_se(in_addr_port_from_string_auto("[fe80::18]:53%19#hoge.com", NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0);
-
-        test_in_addr_port_from_string_auto_one("192.168.0.1", AF_INET, "192.168.0.1", 0);
-        test_in_addr_port_from_string_auto_one("192.168.0.1:53", AF_INET, "192.168.0.1", 53);
-        test_in_addr_port_from_string_auto_one("fe80::18", AF_INET6, "fe80::18", 0);
-        test_in_addr_port_from_string_auto_one("[fe80::18]:53", AF_INET6, "fe80::18", 53);
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("192.168.0.1", AF_INET, 0, 0, NULL, NULL);
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("192.168.0.1#test.com", AF_INET, 0, 0, "test.com", NULL);
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("192.168.0.1:53", AF_INET, 53, 0, NULL, NULL);
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("192.168.0.1:53#example.com", AF_INET, 53, 0, "example.com", NULL);
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("fe80::18", AF_INET6, 0, 0, NULL, NULL);
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("fe80::18#hoge.com", AF_INET6, 0, 0, "hoge.com", NULL);
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("fe80::18%19", AF_INET6, 0, 19, NULL, NULL);
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("fe80::18%lo", AF_INET6, 0, 1, NULL, "fe80::18%1");
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("[fe80::18]:53", AF_INET6, 53, 0, NULL, NULL);
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("[fe80::18]:53%19", AF_INET6, 53, 19, NULL, NULL);
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("[fe80::18]:53%lo", AF_INET6, 53, 1, NULL, "[fe80::18]:53%1");
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("fe80::18%19#hoge.com", AF_INET6, 0, 19, "hoge.com", NULL);
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("[fe80::18]:53#hoge.com", AF_INET6, 53, 0, "hoge.com", NULL);
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("[fe80::18]:53%19", AF_INET6, 53, 19, NULL, NULL);
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("[fe80::18]:53%19#hoge.com", AF_INET6, 53, 19, "hoge.com", NULL);
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("[fe80::18]:53%lo", AF_INET6, 53, 1, NULL, "[fe80::18]:53%1");
+        test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("[fe80::18]:53%lo#hoge.com", AF_INET6, 53, 1, "hoge.com", "[fe80::18]:53%1#hoge.com");
 }
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
@@ -360,7 +400,6 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         test_in_addr_ifindex_from_string_auto();
         test_in_addr_ifindex_name_from_string_auto();
         test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto();
-        test_in_addr_port_from_string_auto();
 
         return 0;
 }

src/test/test-socket-util.c

@@ -44,9 +44,13 @@ static void test_ifname_valid(void) {
         assert(ifname_valid("foo.bar"));
         assert(!ifname_valid("x:y"));
 
-        assert(ifname_valid("xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"));
-        assert(!ifname_valid("xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"));
-        assert(ifname_valid_full("xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx", true));
+        assert( ifname_valid_full("xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx", 0));
+        assert(!ifname_valid_full("xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx", 0));
+        assert( ifname_valid_full("xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx", IFNAME_VALID_ALTERNATIVE));
+        assert( ifname_valid_full("xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx", IFNAME_VALID_ALTERNATIVE));
+        assert(!ifname_valid_full("999", IFNAME_VALID_ALTERNATIVE));
+        assert( ifname_valid_full("999", IFNAME_VALID_ALTERNATIVE | IFNAME_VALID_NUMERIC));
+        assert(!ifname_valid_full("0", IFNAME_VALID_ALTERNATIVE | IFNAME_VALID_NUMERIC));
 }
 
 static void test_socket_print_unix_one(const char *in, size_t len_in, const char *expected) {
@@ -504,17 +508,11 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         test_setup_logging(LOG_DEBUG);
 
         test_ifname_valid();
-
         test_socket_print_unix();
-
         test_sockaddr_equal();
-
         test_sockaddr_un_len();
-
         test_in_addr_is_multicast();
-
         test_getpeercred_getpeergroups();
-
         test_passfd_read();
         test_passfd_contents_read();
         test_receive_nopassfd();

src/timesync/timesyncd-conf.c

@@ -89,7 +89,8 @@ int config_parse_servers(
         else {
                 r = manager_parse_server_string(m, ltype, rvalue);
                 if (r < 0) {
-                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, r, "Failed to parse NTP server string '%s'. Ignoring.", rvalue);
+                        log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, r,
+                                   "Failed to parse NTP server string '%s', ignoring: %m", rvalue);
                         return 0;
                 }
         }

src/tmpfiles/tmpfiles.c

@@ -1543,7 +1543,7 @@ static int copy_files(Item *i) {
                          dfd, bn,
                          i->uid_set ? i->uid : UID_INVALID,
                          i->gid_set ? i->gid : GID_INVALID,
-                         COPY_REFLINK | COPY_MERGE_EMPTY | COPY_MAC_CREATE);
+                         COPY_REFLINK | COPY_MERGE_EMPTY | COPY_MAC_CREATE | COPY_HARDLINKS);
         if (r < 0) {
                 struct stat a, b;
 

src/udev/net/link-config-gperf.gperf

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ _Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wimplicit-fallthrough\"")
 #include "ethtool-util.h"
 #include "link-config.h"
 #include "network-internal.h"
+#include "socket-util.h"
 %}
 struct ConfigPerfItem;
 %null_strings
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ Link.MACAddressPolicy,           config_parse_mac_address_policy,       0,
 Link.MACAddress,                 config_parse_hwaddr,                   0,                             offsetof(link_config, mac)
 Link.NamePolicy,                 config_parse_name_policy,              0,                             offsetof(link_config, name_policy)
 Link.Name,                       config_parse_ifname,                   0,                             offsetof(link_config, name)
-Link.AlternativeName,            config_parse_ifnames,                  1,                             offsetof(link_config, alternative_names)
+Link.AlternativeName,            config_parse_ifnames,                  IFNAME_VALID_ALTERNATIVE,      offsetof(link_config, alternative_names)
 Link.AlternativeNamesPolicy,     config_parse_alternative_names_policy, 0,                             offsetof(link_config, alternative_names_policy)
 Link.Alias,                      config_parse_ifalias,                  0,                             offsetof(link_config, alias)
 Link.MTUBytes,                   config_parse_mtu,                      AF_UNSPEC,                     offsetof(link_config, mtu)

src/udev/udev-builtin.c

@@ -118,8 +118,7 @@ int udev_builtin_run(sd_device *dev, UdevBuiltinCommand cmd, const char *command
         if (!builtins[cmd])
                 return -EOPNOTSUPP;
 
-        r = strv_split_full(&argv, command, NULL,
-                               EXTRACT_UNQUOTE | EXTRACT_RELAX | EXTRACT_RETAIN_ESCAPE);
+        r = strv_split_full(&argv, command, NULL, EXTRACT_UNQUOTE | EXTRACT_RELAX | EXTRACT_RETAIN_ESCAPE);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 

src/xdg-autostart-generator/xdg-autostart-service.c

@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ static int xdg_config_parse_string(
 
         /* XDG does not allow duplicate definitions. */
         if (*out) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Key %s was defined multiple times, ignoring.", lvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, 0, "Key %s was defined multiple times, ignoring.", lvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
 
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ static int xdg_config_parse_strv(
 
         /* XDG does not allow duplicate definitions. */
         if (*ret_sv) {
-                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Key %s was already defined, ignoring.", lvalue);
+                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, 0, "Key %s was already defined, ignoring.", lvalue);
                 return 0;
         }
 
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ static int xdg_config_parse_strv(
                         /* Move forward, and ensure it is a valid escape. */
                         end++;
                         if (!strchr("sntr\\;", *end)) {
-                                log_syntax(unit, LOG_ERR, filename, line, 0, "Undefined escape sequence \\%c.", *end);
+                                log_syntax(unit, LOG_WARNING, filename, line, 0, "Undefined escape sequence \\%c.", *end);
                                 return 0;
                         }
                         continue;

test/test-network/conf/routing-policy-rule-reconfigure.network

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+[Match]
+Name=test1
+
+[Network]
+IPv6AcceptRA=no
+
+# fwmark
+[RoutingPolicyRule]
+Table=1011
+Family=ipv4
+Priority=10111
+FirewallMark=1011
+
+# oif
+[RoutingPolicyRule]
+Table=1011
+Family=ipv4
+Priority=10112
+OutgoingInterface=test1
+
+# iif
+[RoutingPolicyRule]
+Table=1011
+Family=ipv4
+Priority=10113
+IncomingInterface=test1
+
+# source
+[RoutingPolicyRule]
+Table=1011
+Family=ipv4
+Priority=10114
+From=192.168.8.254

test/test-network/systemd-networkd-tests.py

@@ -1735,9 +1735,11 @@ class NetworkdNetworkTests(unittest.TestCase, Utilities):
         '25-vrf.network',
         '26-link-local-addressing-ipv6.network',
         'routing-policy-rule-dummy98.network',
-        'routing-policy-rule-test1.network']
+        'routing-policy-rule-test1.network',
+        'routing-policy-rule-reconfigure.network',
+    ]
 
-    routing_policy_rule_tables = ['7', '8', '9']
+    routing_policy_rule_tables = ['7', '8', '9', '1011']
     routes = [['blackhole', '202.54.1.2'], ['unreachable', '202.54.1.3'], ['prohibit', '202.54.1.4']]
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -1970,32 +1972,6 @@ class NetworkdNetworkTests(unittest.TestCase, Utilities):
         self.assertRegex(output, 'iif test1')
         self.assertRegex(output, 'lookup 8')
 
-        output = check_output('ip -6 rule list iif test1 priority 101')
-        print(output)
-        self.assertRegex(output, '101:')
-        self.assertRegex(output, 'from all')
-        self.assertRegex(output, 'iif test1')
-        self.assertRegex(output, 'lookup 9')
-
-        run('ip rule delete iif test1 priority 111')
-
-        output = check_output('ip rule list iif test1 priority 111')
-        print(output)
-        self.assertEqual(output, '')
-
-        run(*networkctl_cmd, 'reconfigure', 'test1', env=env)
-
-        self.wait_online(['test1:degraded'])
-
-        output = check_output('ip rule list iif test1 priority 111')
-        print(output)
-        self.assertRegex(output, '111:')
-        self.assertRegex(output, 'from 192.168.100.18')
-        self.assertRegex(output, r'tos (0x08|throughput)\s')
-        self.assertRegex(output, 'iif test1')
-        self.assertRegex(output, 'oif test1')
-        self.assertRegex(output, 'lookup 7')
-
     def test_routing_policy_rule_issue_11280(self):
         copy_unit_to_networkd_unit_path('routing-policy-rule-test1.network', '11-dummy.netdev',
                                         'routing-policy-rule-dummy98.network', '12-dummy.netdev')
@@ -2016,6 +1992,39 @@ class NetworkdNetworkTests(unittest.TestCase, Utilities):
 
             stop_networkd(remove_state_files=False)
 
+    def test_routing_policy_rule_reconfigure(self):
+        copy_unit_to_networkd_unit_path('routing-policy-rule-reconfigure.network', '11-dummy.netdev')
+        start_networkd()
+        self.wait_online(['test1:degraded'])
+
+        output = check_output('ip rule list table 1011')
+        print(output)
+        self.assertRegex(output, '10111:	from all fwmark 0x3f3 lookup 1011')
+        self.assertRegex(output, '10112:	from all oif test1 lookup 1011')
+        self.assertRegex(output, '10113:	from all iif test1 lookup 1011')
+        self.assertRegex(output, '10114:	from 192.168.8.254 lookup 1011')
+
+        run('ip rule delete priority 10111')
+        run('ip rule delete priority 10112')
+        run('ip rule delete priority 10113')
+        run('ip rule delete priority 10114')
+        run('ip rule delete priority 10115')
+
+        output = check_output('ip rule list table 1011')
+        print(output)
+        self.assertEqual(output, '')
+
+        run(*networkctl_cmd, 'reconfigure', 'test1', env=env)
+
+        self.wait_online(['test1:degraded'])
+
+        output = check_output('ip rule list table 1011')
+        print(output)
+        self.assertRegex(output, '10111:	from all fwmark 0x3f3 lookup 1011')
+        self.assertRegex(output, '10112:	from all oif test1 lookup 1011')
+        self.assertRegex(output, '10113:	from all iif test1 lookup 1011')
+        self.assertRegex(output, '10114:	from 192.168.8.254 lookup 1011')
+
     @expectedFailureIfRoutingPolicyPortRangeIsNotAvailable()
     def test_routing_policy_rule_port_range(self):
         copy_unit_to_networkd_unit_path('25-fibrule-port-range.network', '11-dummy.netdev')