Merge b96f2d71f8 into c946b13575

Some tests, like the journald ones, do not use the TEST() macro for
one reason or another, so manually check procfs where needed.

.github/workflows/unit_tests.sh

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ ADDITIONAL_DEPS=(
     python3-pytest
     rpm
     zstd
+    debootstrap
 )
 
 function info() {
@@ -128,6 +129,18 @@ for phase in "${PHASES[@]}"; do
             (set +x; while :; do echo -ne "\n[WATCHDOG] $(date)\n"; sleep 30; done) &
             meson test --timeout-multiplier=3 -C build --print-errorlogs
             ;;
+        RUN_NOPROC)
+            debootstrap testing testing
+            chroot testing mkdir -p /tmp/repo/
+            chroot testing sh -c "echo 'deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian testing main' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/testing-src.list"
+            chroot testing apt-get update
+            chroot testing apt-get build-dep -y systemd
+            mount --bind . testing/tmp/repo
+            chroot testing sh -c 'cd /tmp/repo; meson -Dnobody-group=nogroup -Dslow-tests=true build'
+            chroot testing sh -c 'cd /tmp/repo/build; ninja -v'
+            chroot testing sh -c 'cd /tmp/repo/build; meson test --print-errorlogs'
+            umount --lazy testing/tmp/repo
+            ;;
         CLEANUP)
             info "Cleanup phase"
             if [ ! -f /etc/machine-id ] && [ -w /etc/machine-id.bak ]; then

.github/workflows/unit_tests.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        run_phase: [GCC, GCC_ASAN_UBSAN, CLANG, CLANG_RELEASE, CLANG_ASAN_UBSAN, CLANG_ASAN_UBSAN_NO_DEPS]
+        run_phase: [GCC, GCC_ASAN_UBSAN, CLANG, CLANG_RELEASE, CLANG_ASAN_UBSAN, CLANG_ASAN_UBSAN_NO_DEPS, NOPROC]
         cryptolib: [auto]
         include:
           - run_phase: GCC

src/battery-check/battery-check.c

@@ -123,14 +123,14 @@ static int run(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
         log_setup();
 
-        r = proc_cmdline_get_bool("systemd.battery_check", PROC_CMDLINE_STRIP_RD_PREFIX|PROC_CMDLINE_TRUE_WHEN_MISSING, &arg_doit);
-        if (r < 0)
-                log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to parse systemd.battery_check= kernel command line option, ignoring: %m");
-
         r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
         if (r <= 0)
                 return r;
 
+        r = proc_cmdline_get_bool("systemd.battery_check", PROC_CMDLINE_STRIP_RD_PREFIX|PROC_CMDLINE_TRUE_WHEN_MISSING, &arg_doit);
+        if (r < 0)
+                log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to parse systemd.battery_check= kernel command line option, ignoring: %m");
+
         if (!arg_doit) {
                 log_info("Checking battery status and AC power existence is disabled by the kernel command line, skipping execution.");
                 return 0;

src/boot/test-bcd.c

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ static void test_get_bcd_title_one(
                 assert_se(!title);
 }
 
-TEST(get_bcd_title) {
+TEST(get_bcd_title, .proc_mounted = true) {
         test_get_bcd_title_one("test-bcd/win10.bcd.zst", u"Windows 10", sizeof(u"Windows 10"));
 
         test_get_bcd_title_one("test-bcd/description-bad-type.bcd.zst", NULL, 0);
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ TEST(get_bcd_title) {
         test_get_bcd_title_one("test-bcd/empty.bcd.zst", NULL, 0);
 }
 
-TEST(base_block) {
+TEST(base_block, .proc_mounted = true) {
         size_t len;
         BaseBlock backup;
         uint8_t *bcd_base;
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ TEST(base_block) {
         *bcd = backup;
 }
 
-TEST(bad_bcd) {
+TEST(bad_bcd, .proc_mounted = true) {
         size_t len;
         uint8_t *hbins;
         uint32_t offset;

src/fuzz/fuzz-bootspec.c

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "fd-util.h"
 #include "fuzz.h"
 #include "json-util.h"
+#include "stat-util.h"
 #include "strv.h"
 
 static int json_dispatch_config(const char *name, sd_json_variant *variant, sd_json_dispatch_flags_t flags, void *userdata) {
@@ -90,6 +91,9 @@ int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t *data, size_t size) {
         if (outside_size_range(size, 0, 65536))
                 return 0;
 
+        if (proc_mounted() <= 0)
+                return EXIT_TEST_SKIP;
+
         fuzz_setup_logging();
 
         assert_se(datadup = memdup_suffix0(data, size));

src/kernel-install/test-kernel-install.sh

@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@
 set -eux
 set -o pipefail
 
+if ! mountpoint /proc; then
+   echo "procfs is not available, skipping"
+   exit 77
+fi
+
 export SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL=debug
 
 kernel_install="${1:?}"

src/libsystemd-network/fuzz-dhcp-server.c

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include "fuzz.h"
 #include "path-util.h"
 #include "rm-rf.h"
+#include "stat-util.h"
 #include "tmpfile-util.h"
 
 /* stub out network so that the server doesn't send */
@@ -74,6 +75,9 @@ int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t *data, size_t size) {
         if (size < sizeof(DHCPMessage))
                 return 0;
 
+        if (proc_mounted() <= 0)
+                return EXIT_TEST_SKIP;
+
         fuzz_setup_logging();
 
         assert_se(duped = memdup(data, size));

src/libsystemd/sd-bus/test-bus-peersockaddr.c

@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ static void* client(void *p) {
         return NULL;
 }
 
-TEST(description) {
+TEST(description, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_free_ char *a = NULL;
         _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
         union sockaddr_union sa = {

src/libsystemd/sd-event/test-event.c

@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ static void test_inotify_one(unsigned n_create_events) {
         sd_event_unref(e);
 }
 
-TEST(inotify) {
+TEST(inotify, .proc_mounted = true) {
         test_inotify_one(100); /* should work without overflow */
         test_inotify_one(33000); /* should trigger a q overflow */
 }
@@ -568,7 +568,7 @@ static int pidfd_handler(sd_event_source *s, const siginfo_t *si, void *userdata
         return 0;
 }
 
-TEST(pidfd) {
+TEST(pidfd, .proc_mounted = true) {
         sd_event_source *s = NULL, *t = NULL;
         sd_event *e = NULL;
         int pidfd;
@@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ static int inotify_self_destroy_handler(sd_event_source *s, const struct inotify
         return 1;
 }
 
-TEST(inotify_self_destroy) {
+TEST(inotify_self_destroy, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(sd_event_source_unrefp) sd_event_source *s = NULL;
         _cleanup_(sd_event_unrefp) sd_event *e = NULL;
         char path[] = "/tmp/inotifyXXXXXX";
@@ -793,7 +793,7 @@ static int inotify_process_buffered_data_handler(sd_event_source *s, const struc
         return 1;
 }
 
-TEST(inotify_process_buffered_data) {
+TEST(inotify_process_buffered_data, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *p = NULL, *q = NULL;
         _cleanup_(sd_event_source_unrefp) sd_event_source *a = NULL, *b = NULL;
         _cleanup_(sd_event_unrefp) sd_event *e = NULL;

src/libsystemd/sd-journal/test-journal-interleaving.c

@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ static void test_sequence_numbers_one(void) {
         }
 }
 
-TEST(sequence_numbers) {
+TEST(sequence_numbers, .proc_mounted = true) {
         ASSERT_OK_ERRNO(setenv("SYSTEMD_JOURNAL_COMPACT", "0", 1));
         test_sequence_numbers_one();
 
@@ -869,7 +869,7 @@ static void test_generic_array_bisect_one(size_t n, size_t num_corrupted) {
         verify(f, seqnum, offset_candidates, offset, n);
 }
 
-TEST(generic_array_bisect) {
+TEST(generic_array_bisect, .proc_mounted = true) {
         for (size_t n = 1; n < 10; n++)
                 for (size_t m = 1; m <= n; m++)
                         test_generic_array_bisect_one(n, m);

src/libsystemd/sd-journal/test-journal-stream.c

@@ -181,6 +181,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         if (access("/etc/machine-id", F_OK) != 0)
                 return log_tests_skipped("/etc/machine-id not found");
 
+        if (proc_mounted() <= 0)
+                return log_tests_skipped("procfs not available");
+
         test_setup_logging(LOG_DEBUG);
 
         /* Run this test multiple times with different configurations of features. */

src/libsystemd/sd-journal/test-journal-verify.c

@@ -180,6 +180,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         const char *verification_key = NULL;
         int max_iterations = 512;
 
+        if (proc_mounted() <= 0)
+                return log_tests_skipped("procfs not available");
+
         if (argc > 1) {
                 /* Don't limit the number of iterations when the verification key
                  * is provided on the command line, we want to do that only in CIs */

src/libsystemd/sd-journal/test-journal.c

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ static void test_non_empty_one(void) {
         puts("------------------------------------------------------------");
 }
 
-TEST(non_empty) {
+TEST(non_empty, .proc_mounted = true) {
         assert_se(setenv("SYSTEMD_JOURNAL_COMPACT", "0", 1) >= 0);
         test_non_empty_one();
 
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ static void test_min_compress_size_one(void) {
         assert_se(!check_compressed(256, 255));
 }
 
-TEST(min_compress_size) {
+TEST(min_compress_size, .proc_mounted = true) {
         assert_se(setenv("SYSTEMD_JOURNAL_COMPACT", "0", 1) >= 0);
         test_min_compress_size_one();
 

src/network/test-networkd-conf.c

@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ static void test_config_parse_address_one(const char *rvalue, int family, unsign
         }
 }
 
-TEST(config_parse_address) {
+TEST(config_parse_address, .proc_mounted = true) {
         test_config_parse_address_one("", AF_INET, 0, NULL, 0);
         test_config_parse_address_one("/", AF_INET, 0, NULL, 0);
         test_config_parse_address_one("/8", AF_INET, 0, NULL, 0);

src/shared/tests.c

@@ -51,8 +51,16 @@ static void load_testdata_env(void) {
                 return;
         called = true;
 
-        assert_se(readlink_and_make_absolute("/proc/self/exe", &s) >= 0);
+        r = readlink_and_make_absolute("/proc/self/exe", &s);
-        assert_se(path_extract_directory(s, &d) >= 0);
+        if (r >= 0)
+                assert_se(path_extract_directory(s, &d) >= 0);
+        else {
+                _cleanup_free_ char *program = NULL;
+
+                log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to determine executable's directory, using current directory: %m");
+                assert_se(path_make_absolute_cwd(program_invocation_name, &program) >= 0);
+                assert_se(path_extract_directory(program, &d) >= 0);
+        }
         assert_se(envpath = path_join(d, "systemd-runtest.env"));
 
         r = load_env_file_pairs(NULL, envpath, &pairs);

src/shared/tests.h

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "process-util.h"
 #include "rlimit-util.h"
 #include "signal-util.h"
+#include "stat-util.h"
 #include "static-destruct.h"
 #include "strv.h"
 
@@ -106,6 +107,7 @@ typedef struct TestFunc {
         const char * const name;
         bool has_ret:1;
         bool sd_booted:1;
+        bool proc_mounted:1;
 } TestFunc;
 
 /* See static-destruct.h for an explanation of how this works. */
@@ -162,6 +164,10 @@ static inline int run_test_table(void) {
                         log_info("/* systemd not booted, skipping %s */", t->name);
                         if (t->has_ret && r == EXIT_SUCCESS)
                                 r = EXIT_TEST_SKIP;
+                } else if (t->proc_mounted && proc_mounted() <= 0) {
+                        log_info("/* procfs is not available, skipping %s */", t->name);
+                        if (t->has_ret && r == EXIT_SUCCESS)
+                                r = EXIT_TEST_SKIP;
                 } else {
                         log_info("/* %s */", t->name);
 

src/shutdown/test-umount.c

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ static void test_mount_points_list_one(const char *fname) {
                           yes_no(m->try_remount_ro));
 }
 
-TEST(mount_points_list) {
+TEST(mount_points_list, .proc_mounted = true) {
         test_mount_points_list_one(NULL);
         test_mount_points_list_one("/test-umount/empty.mountinfo");
         test_mount_points_list_one("/test-umount/garbled.mountinfo");
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ static void test_swap_list_one(const char *fname) {
                 log_debug("path=%s", m->path);
 }
 
-TEST(swap_list) {
+TEST(swap_list, .proc_mounted = true) {
         test_swap_list_one(NULL);
         test_swap_list_one("/test-umount/example.swaps");
 }

src/systemctl/fuzz-systemctl-parse-argv.c

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "fuzz.h"
 #include "nulstr-util.h"
 #include "selinux-util.h"
+#include "stat-util.h"
 #include "static-destruct.h"
 #include "stdio-util.h"
 #include "strv.h"
@@ -22,6 +23,9 @@ int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t *data, size_t size) {
         if (size > 16*1024)
                 return 0; /* See the comment below about the limit for strv_length(). */
 
+        if (proc_mounted() <= 0)
+                return EXIT_TEST_SKIP;
+
         fuzz_setup_logging();
 
         arg_pager_flags = PAGER_DISABLE; /* We shouldn't execute the pager */

src/test/test-argv-util.c

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ TEST(rename_process_invalid) {
         assert_se(rename_process("") == -EINVAL);
 }
 
-TEST(rename_process_multi) {
+TEST(rename_process_multi, .proc_mounted = true) {
         pid_t pid;
 
         pid = fork();
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ TEST(rename_process_multi) {
         _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
-TEST(rename_process) {
+TEST(rename_process, .proc_mounted = true) {
         test_rename_process_one("foo", 1); /* should always fit */
         test_rename_process_one("this is a really really long process name, followed by some more words", 0); /* unlikely to fit */
         test_rename_process_one("1234567", 1); /* should always fit */

src/test/test-audit-util.c

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 #include "audit-util.h"
 #include "tests.h"
 
-TEST(audit_loginuid_from_pid) {
+TEST(audit_loginuid_from_pid, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(pidref_done) PidRef self = PIDREF_NULL, pid1 = PIDREF_NULL;
         int r;
 

src/test/test-blockdev-util.c

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ static void test_path_is_encrypted_one(const char *p, int expect) {
         assert_se(expect < 0 || ((r > 0) == (expect > 0)));
 }
 
-TEST(path_is_encrypted) {
+TEST(path_is_encrypted, .proc_mounted = true) {
         int booted = sd_booted(); /* If this is run in build environments such as koji, /dev/ might be a
                                    * regular fs. Don't assume too much if not running under systemd. */
 

src/test/test-bpf-firewall.c

@@ -39,6 +39,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         if (detect_container() > 0)
                 return log_tests_skipped("test-bpf-firewall fails inside LXC and Docker containers: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/9666");
 
+        if (proc_mounted() <= 0)
+                return log_tests_skipped("procfs not available");
+
         ASSERT_OK(getrlimit(RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, &rl));
         rl.rlim_cur = rl.rlim_max = MAX(rl.rlim_max, CAN_MEMLOCK_SIZE);
         (void) setrlimit(RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, &rl);

src/test/test-cgroup-setup.c

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ static void test_is_wanted_print_one(bool header) {
         log_info(" ");
 }
 
-TEST(is_wanted_print) {
+TEST(is_wanted_print, .proc_mounted = true) {
         test_is_wanted_print_one(true);
         test_is_wanted_print_one(false); /* run twice to test caching */
 }

src/test/test-chase.c

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ static void test_chase_extract_filename_one(const char *path, const char *root,
         ASSERT_STREQ(fname, expected);
 }
 
-TEST(chase) {
+TEST(chase, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_free_ char *result = NULL, *pwd = NULL;
         _cleanup_close_ int pfd = -EBADF;
         char *temp;
@@ -727,7 +727,7 @@ TEST(chaseat_prefix_root) {
         ASSERT_STREQ(ret, expected);
 }
 
-TEST(trailing_dot_dot) {
+TEST(trailing_dot_dot, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL, *fdpath = NULL;
         _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
 

src/test/test-chown-rec.c

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ static bool has_xattr(const char *p) {
         return true;
 }
 
-TEST(chown_recursive) {
+TEST(chown_recursive, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *t = NULL;
         struct stat st;
         const char *p;

src/test/test-condition.c

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
 #include "user-util.h"
 #include "virt.h"
 
-TEST(condition_test_path) {
+TEST(condition_test_path, .proc_mounted = true) {
         Condition *condition;
 
         condition = condition_new(CONDITION_PATH_EXISTS, "/bin/sh", false, false);
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ TEST(condition_test_firmware_smbios) {
         condition_free(condition);
 }
 
-TEST(condition_test_kernel_command_line) {
+TEST(condition_test_kernel_command_line, .proc_mounted = true) {
         Condition *condition;
         int r;
 

src/test/test-copy.c

@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ static void test_copy_bytes_regular_file_one(const char *src, bool try_reflink,
                 assert_se((uint64_t) buf3.st_size == max_bytes);
 }
 
-TEST(copy_bytes_regular_file) {
+TEST(copy_bytes_regular_file, .proc_mounted = true) {
         test_copy_bytes_regular_file_one(saved_argv[0], false, UINT64_MAX);
         test_copy_bytes_regular_file_one(saved_argv[0], true, UINT64_MAX);
         test_copy_bytes_regular_file_one(saved_argv[0], false, 1000); /* smaller than copy buffer size */
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ TEST(copy_bytes_regular_file) {
         test_copy_bytes_regular_file_one(saved_argv[0], true, 32000);
 }
 
-TEST(copy_atomic) {
+TEST(copy_atomic, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *p = NULL;
         const char *q;
         int r;
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ TEST(copy_atomic) {
         assert_se(copy_file_atomic("/etc/fstab", q, 0644, COPY_REPLACE) >= 0);
 }
 
-TEST(copy_proc) {
+TEST(copy_proc, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *p = NULL;
         _cleanup_free_ char *f = NULL, *a = NULL, *b = NULL;
 
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ TEST(copy_lock) {
         fd = safe_close(fd);
 }
 
-TEST(copy_verify_linked) {
+TEST(copy_verify_linked, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *t = NULL;
         _cleanup_close_ int tfd = -EBADF, fd_1 = -EBADF, fd_2 = -EBADF;
 

src/test/test-data-fd-util.c

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ static void test_acquire_data_fd_one(unsigned flags) {
         fd = safe_close(fd);
 }
 
-TEST(acquire_data_fd) {
+TEST(acquire_data_fd, .proc_mounted = true) {
         test_acquire_data_fd_one(0);
         test_acquire_data_fd_one(ACQUIRE_NO_DEV_NULL);
         test_acquire_data_fd_one(ACQUIRE_NO_MEMFD);
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ static void assert_equal_fd(int fd1, int fd2) {
         }
 }
 
-TEST(copy_data_fd) {
+TEST(copy_data_fd, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_close_ int fd1 = -EBADF, fd2 = -EBADF;
         _cleanup_close_pair_ int sfd[2] = EBADF_PAIR;
         _cleanup_(sigkill_waitp) pid_t pid = -1;

src/test/test-fd-util.c

@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ TEST(fd_move_above_stdio) {
         assert_se(close_nointr(new_fd) != EBADF);
 }
 
-TEST(rearrange_stdio) {
+TEST(rearrange_stdio, .proc_mounted = true) {
         pid_t pid;
         int r;
 
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ static int seccomp_prohibit_close_range(void) {
 #endif
 }
 
-TEST(close_all_fds) {
+TEST(close_all_fds, .proc_mounted = true) {
         int r;
 
         /* Runs the test four times. Once as is. Once with close_range() syscall blocked via seccomp, once
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ TEST(format_proc_fd_path) {
         ASSERT_STREQ(FORMAT_PROC_FD_PATH(2147483647), "/proc/self/fd/2147483647");
 }
 
-TEST(fd_reopen) {
+TEST(fd_reopen, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_close_ int fd1 = -EBADF, fd2 = -EBADF;
         struct stat st1, st2;
         int fl;
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ TEST(fds_are_same_mount) {
         assert_se(fds_are_same_mount(fd2, fd3) > 0);
 }
 
-TEST(fd_get_path) {
+TEST(fd_get_path, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *t = NULL;
         _cleanup_close_ int tfd = -EBADF, fd = -EBADF;
         _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL, *q = NULL, *saved_cwd = NULL;

src/test/test-fdset.c

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #include "tests.h"
 #include "tmpfile-util.h"
 
-TEST(fdset_new_fill) {
+TEST(fdset_new_fill, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_fdset_free_ FDSet *fdset = NULL;
         int fd = -EBADF, flags;
 

src/test/test-fileio.c

@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ TEST(status_field) {
         }
 }
 
-TEST(capeff) {
+TEST(capeff, .proc_mounted = true) {
         for (int pid = 0; pid < 2; pid++) {
                 _cleanup_free_ char *capeff = NULL;
                 int r, p;
@@ -485,7 +485,7 @@ TEST(write_string_file_no_create) {
         ASSERT_STREQ(buf, "boohoo\n");
 }
 
-TEST(write_string_file_verify) {
+TEST(write_string_file_verify, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_free_ char *buf = NULL, *buf2 = NULL;
         int r;
 
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ static void check_file_pairs_one(char **l) {
         }
 }
 
-TEST(load_env_file_pairs) {
+TEST(load_env_file_pairs, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(unlink_tempfilep) char fn[] = "/tmp/test-load_env_file_pairs-XXXXXX";
         int fd, r;
         _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
@@ -940,7 +940,7 @@ TEST(read_nul_string) {
         assert_se(read_nul_string(f, LONG_LINE_MAX, &s) == 0 && streq_ptr(s, ""));
 }
 
-TEST(read_full_file_socket) {
+TEST(read_full_file_socket, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *z = NULL;
         _cleanup_close_ int listener = -EBADF;
         _cleanup_free_ char *data = NULL, *clientname = NULL;
@@ -1106,7 +1106,7 @@ TEST(read_virtual_file) {
         test_read_virtual_file_one(SIZE_MAX);
 }
 
-TEST(fdopen_independent) {
+TEST(fdopen_independent, .proc_mounted = true) {
 #define TEST_TEXT "this is some random test text we are going to write to a memfd"
         _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
         _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;

src/test/test-fs-util.c

@@ -683,7 +683,7 @@ TEST(openat_report_new) {
         ASSERT_FALSE(b);
 }
 
-TEST(xopenat_full) {
+TEST(xopenat_full, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *t = NULL;
         _cleanup_close_ int tfd = -EBADF, fd = -EBADF, fd2 = -EBADF;
 

src/test/test-install-file.c

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 #include "tmpfile-util.h"
 #include "umask-util.h"
 
-TEST(install_file) {
+TEST(install_file, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *p = NULL;
         _cleanup_free_ char *a = NULL, *b = NULL, *c = NULL;
         struct stat stat1, stat2;

src/test/test-json.c

@@ -1265,7 +1265,7 @@ TEST(parse_continue) {
         assert_se(sd_json_parse_with_source_continue(&p, "piff", /* flags= */ 0, &x, &line, &column) == -EINVAL);
 }
 
-TEST(pidref) {
+TEST(pidref, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(pidref_done) PidRef myself = PIDREF_NULL, pid1 = PIDREF_NULL;
 
         assert_se(pidref_set_pid(&myself, 0) >= 0);
@@ -1349,7 +1349,7 @@ TEST(devnum) {
         ASSERT_FAIL(json_dispatch_devnum("devnum", v, /* flags= */ 0, &parsed));
 }
 
-TEST(fd_info) {
+TEST(fd_info, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(sd_json_variant_unrefp) sd_json_variant *v = NULL;
         _cleanup_(pidref_done) PidRef pidref = PIDREF_NULL;
         _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;

src/test/test-loop-block.c

@@ -224,15 +224,14 @@ static int run(int argc, char *argv[]) {
         dissected = dissected_image_unref(dissected);
 #endif
 
-        if (geteuid() != 0 || have_effective_cap(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) <= 0) {
+        if (geteuid() != 0 || have_effective_cap(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) <= 0)
-                log_tests_skipped("not running privileged");
+                return log_tests_skipped("not running privileged");
-                return 0;
-        }
 
-        if (detect_container() > 0) {
+        if (detect_container() > 0)
-                log_tests_skipped("Test not supported in a container, requires udev/uevent notifications");
+                return log_tests_skipped("Test not supported in a container, requires udev/uevent notifications");
-                return 0;
+
-        }
+        if (proc_mounted() <= 0)
+                return log_tests_skipped("procfs not available");
 
         assert_se(loop_device_make(fd, O_RDWR, 0, UINT64_MAX, 0, LO_FLAGS_PARTSCAN, LOCK_EX, &loop) >= 0);
 

src/test/test-mempress.c

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ static int fake_pressure_callback(sd_event_source *s, void *userdata) {
         return 0;
 }
 
-TEST(fake_pressure) {
+TEST(fake_pressure, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(sd_event_source_unrefp) sd_event_source *es = NULL, *ef = NULL;
         _cleanup_(sd_event_unrefp) sd_event *e = NULL;
         _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL, *k = NULL;

src/test/test-mount-util.c

@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ TEST(mount_flags_to_string) {
                                        "MS_I_VERSION|MS_STRICTATIME|MS_LAZYTIME|fc000200");
 }
 
-TEST(bind_remount_recursive) {
+TEST(bind_remount_recursive, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *tmp = NULL;
         _cleanup_free_ char *subdir = NULL;
 
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ TEST(bind_remount_recursive) {
         }
 }
 
-TEST(bind_remount_one) {
+TEST(bind_remount_one, .proc_mounted = true) {
         pid_t pid;
 
         if (geteuid() != 0 || have_effective_cap(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) <= 0) {
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ TEST(make_mount_point_inode) {
         assert_se(!(S_IXOTH & st.st_mode));
 }
 
-TEST(make_mount_switch_root) {
+TEST(make_mount_switch_root, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *t = NULL;
         _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
         int r;
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ TEST(make_mount_switch_root) {
         }
 }
 
-TEST(umount_recursive) {
+TEST(umount_recursive, .proc_mounted = true) {
         static const struct {
                 const char *prefix;
                 const char * const keep[3];
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ TEST(umount_recursive) {
         }
 }
 
-TEST(fd_make_mount_point) {
+TEST(fd_make_mount_point, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *t = NULL;
         _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
         int r;
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ TEST(fd_make_mount_point) {
         }
 }
 
-TEST(bind_mount_submounts) {
+TEST(bind_mount_submounts, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rmdir_and_freep) char *a = NULL, *b = NULL;
         _cleanup_free_ char *x = NULL;
         int r;
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ TEST(bind_mount_submounts) {
         assert_se(umount_recursive(b, 0) >= 0);
 }
 
-TEST(path_is_network_fs_harder) {
+TEST(path_is_network_fs_harder, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_close_ int dir_fd = -EBADF;
         int r;
 

src/test/test-mountpoint-util.c

@@ -445,6 +445,9 @@ static int intro(void) {
         /* let's move into our own mount namespace with all propagation from the host turned off, so
          * that /proc/self/mountinfo is static and constant for the whole time our test runs. */
 
+        if (proc_mounted() <= 0)
+                return log_tests_skipped("procfs not available");
+
         if (unshare(CLONE_NEWNS) < 0) {
                 if (!ERRNO_IS_PRIVILEGE(errno))
                         return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to detach mount namespace: %m");

src/test/test-os-util.c

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ TEST(path_is_os_tree) {
         assert_se(path_is_os_tree("/idontexist") == -ENOENT);
 }
 
-TEST(parse_os_release) {
+TEST(parse_os_release, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_free_ char *id = NULL, *id2 = NULL, *name = NULL, *foobar = NULL;
 
         if (access("/etc/os-release", F_OK) >= 0 || access("/usr/lib/os-release", F_OK) >= 0) {
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ TEST(parse_os_release) {
         ASSERT_OK_ERRNO(unsetenv("SYSTEMD_OS_RELEASE"));
 }
 
-TEST(parse_extension_release) {
+TEST(parse_extension_release, .proc_mounted = true) {
         /* Let's assume that we have a valid extension image */
         _cleanup_free_ char *id = NULL, *version_id = NULL, *foobar = NULL, *a = NULL, *b = NULL;
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *tempdir = NULL;
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ TEST(parse_extension_release) {
         ASSERT_NULL(foobar);
 }
 
-TEST(load_os_release_pairs) {
+TEST(load_os_release_pairs, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(unlink_tempfilep) char tmpfile[] = "/tmp/test-os-util.XXXXXX";
         ASSERT_EQ(write_tmpfile(tmpfile,
                                 "ID=\"ignored\"  \n"

src/test/test-path-util.c

@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ TEST(find_executable_full) {
         assert_se(find_executable_full(test_file_name, NULL, STRV_MAKE("/doesnotexist", "/tmp", "/bin"), false, &p, NULL) == -ENOENT);
 }
 
-TEST(find_executable) {
+TEST(find_executable, .proc_mounted = true) {
         char *p;
 
         assert_se(find_executable("/bin/sh", &p) == 0);

src/test/test-pidref.c

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ TEST(pidref_set_pidstr) {
         assert_se(!pidref_equal(&pidref, &PIDREF_MAKE_FROM_PID(getpid_cached()+1)));
 }
 
-TEST(pidref_set_pidfd) {
+TEST(pidref_set_pidfd, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(pidref_done) PidRef a = PIDREF_NULL, b = PIDREF_NULL, c = PIDREF_NULL, d = PIDREF_NULL;
 
         assert_se(pidref_set_self(&a) >= 0);
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ TEST(pidref_done_sigkill_wait) {
                 freeze();
 }
 
-TEST(pidref_verify) {
+TEST(pidref_verify, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(pidref_done) PidRef pidref = PIDREF_NULL;
 
         assert_se(pidref_verify(NULL) == -ESRCH);

src/test/test-proc-cmdline.c

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ static int parse_item(const char *key, const char *value, void *data) {
         return 0;
 }
 
-TEST(proc_cmdline_parse) {
+TEST(proc_cmdline_parse, .proc_mounted = true) {
         assert_se(proc_cmdline_parse(parse_item, &obj, PROC_CMDLINE_STRIP_RD_PREFIX) >= 0);
 }
 

src/test/test-process-util.c

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ static void test_pid_get_comm_one(pid_t pid) {
         log_info("PID"PID_FMT" $PATH: '%s'", pid, strna(i));
 }
 
-TEST(pid_get_comm) {
+TEST(pid_get_comm, .proc_mounted = true) {
         if (saved_argc > 1) {
                 pid_t pid = 0;
 
@@ -813,7 +813,7 @@ TEST(setpriority_closest) {
         }
 }
 
-TEST(get_process_ppid) {
+TEST(get_process_ppid, .proc_mounted = true) {
         uint64_t limit;
         int r;
 
@@ -850,7 +850,7 @@ TEST(get_process_ppid) {
         }
 }
 
-TEST(set_oom_score_adjust) {
+TEST(set_oom_score_adjust, .proc_mounted = true) {
         int a, b, r;
 
         ASSERT_OK(get_oom_score_adjust(&a));
@@ -881,7 +881,7 @@ static void* dummy_thread(void *p) {
         return NULL;
 }
 
-TEST(get_process_threads) {
+TEST(get_process_threads, .proc_mounted = true) {
         int r;
 
         /* Run this test in a child, so that we can guarantee there's exactly one thread around in the child */
@@ -973,7 +973,7 @@ TEST(is_reaper_process) {
         }
 }
 
-TEST(pid_get_start_time) {
+TEST(pid_get_start_time, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(pidref_done) PidRef pidref = PIDREF_NULL;
 
         ASSERT_OK(pidref_set_self(&pidref));

src/test/test-procfs-util.c

@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
         test_setup_logging(LOG_DEBUG);
 
+        if (proc_mounted() <= 0)
+                return log_tests_skipped("procfs not available");
+
         assert_se(procfs_cpu_get_usage(&nsec) >= 0);
         log_info("Current system CPU time: %s", FORMAT_TIMESPAN(nsec/NSEC_PER_USEC, 1));
 

src/test/test-rlimit-util.c

@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ TEST(setrlimit) {
         assert_se(old.rlim_max == new.rlim_max);
 }
 
-TEST(pid_getrlimit) {
+TEST(pid_getrlimit, .proc_mounted = true) {
         int r;
 
         /* We fork off a child and read the parent's resource limit from there (i.e. our own), and compare

src/test/test-seccomp.c

@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ TEST(restrict_namespace) {
         assert_se(wait_for_terminate_and_check("nsseccomp", pid, WAIT_LOG) == EXIT_SUCCESS);
 }
 
-TEST(protect_sysctl) {
+TEST(protect_sysctl, .proc_mounted = true) {
         pid_t pid;
         _cleanup_free_ char *seccomp = NULL;
 

src/test/test-socket-netlink.c

@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ TEST(in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto) {
         test_in_addr_port_ifindex_name_from_string_auto_one("[fe80::18]:53%lo#hoge.com", AF_INET6, 53, 1, "hoge.com", "[fe80::18]:53%1#hoge.com");
 }
 
-TEST(netns_get_nsid) {
+TEST(netns_get_nsid, .proc_mounted = true) {
         uint32_t u;
         int r;
 

src/test/test-socket-util.c

@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ TEST(ipv6_enabled) {
         log_info("IPv6 enabled: %s", yes_no(socket_ipv6_is_enabled()));
 }
 
-TEST(sockaddr_un_set_path) {
+TEST(sockaddr_un_set_path, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *t = NULL;
         _cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *sh = NULL;
         _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL;

src/test/test-specifier.c

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ static const Specifier specifier_table[] = {
         {}
 };
 
-TEST(specifier_printf) {
+TEST(specifier_printf, .proc_mounted = true) {
         static const Specifier table[] = {
                 { 'X', specifier_string,         (char*) "AAAA" },
                 { 'Y', specifier_string,         (char*) "BBBB" },
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ TEST(specifier_real_path_missing_file) {
         assert_se(r == -ENOENT);
 }
 
-TEST(specifiers) {
+TEST(specifiers, .proc_mounted = true) {
         int r;
 
         for (const Specifier *s = specifier_table; s->specifier; s++) {
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ TEST(specifiers_assorted) {
         }
 }
 
-TEST(specifiers_missing_data_ok) {
+TEST(specifiers_missing_data_ok, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_free_ char *resolved = NULL;
 
         assert_se(setenv("SYSTEMD_OS_RELEASE", "/dev/null", 1) == 0);

src/test/test-stat-util.c

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include "tests.h"
 #include "tmpfile-util.h"
 
-TEST(null_or_empty_path) {
+TEST(null_or_empty_path, .proc_mounted = true) {
         assert_se(null_or_empty_path("/dev/null") == 1);
         assert_se(null_or_empty_path("/dev/tty") == 1);  /* We assume that any character device is "empty", bleh. */
         assert_se(null_or_empty_path("../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../../dev/null") == 1);
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ TEST(null_or_empty_path) {
         assert_se(null_or_empty_path("/nosuchfileordir") == -ENOENT);
 }
 
-TEST(null_or_empty_path_with_root) {
+TEST(null_or_empty_path_with_root, .proc_mounted = true) {
         assert_se(null_or_empty_path_with_root("/dev/null", NULL) == 1);
         assert_se(null_or_empty_path_with_root("/dev/null", "/") == 1);
         assert_se(null_or_empty_path_with_root("/dev/null", "/.././../") == 1);
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ TEST(null_or_empty_path_with_root) {
         assert_se(null_or_empty_path_with_root("/foobar/barbar/dev/null", "/foobar/barbar/") == 1);
 }
 
-TEST(inode_same) {
+TEST(inode_same, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
         _cleanup_(unlink_tempfilep) char name[] = "/tmp/test-files_same.XXXXXX";
         _cleanup_(unlink_tempfilep) char name_alias[] = "/tmp/test-files_same.alias";
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ TEST(fd_is_ns) {
         assert_se(IN_SET(fd_is_ns(fd, CLONE_NEWNET), 1, -EUCLEAN));
 }
 
-TEST(dir_is_empty) {
+TEST(dir_is_empty, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *empty_dir = NULL;
         _cleanup_free_ char *j = NULL, *jj = NULL, *jjj = NULL;
 

src/test/test-sysctl-util.c

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ TEST(sysctl_normalize) {
         }
 }
 
-TEST(sysctl_read) {
+TEST(sysctl_read, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
         struct utsname u;
         sd_id128_t a, b;

src/test/test-terminal-util.c

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ TEST(read_one_char) {
         assert_se(read_one_char(file, &r, 1000000, &need_nl) < 0);
 }
 
-TEST(getttyname_malloc) {
+TEST(getttyname_malloc, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_free_ char *ttyname = NULL;
         _cleanup_close_ int master = -EBADF;
 
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ TEST(terminal_fix_size) {
                 log_notice("Fixed terminal size.");
 }
 
-TEST(terminal_is_pty_fd) {
+TEST(terminal_is_pty_fd, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_close_ int fd1 = -EBADF, fd2 = -EBADF;
         int r;
 
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ TEST(terminal_reset_defensive) {
                 log_notice_errno(r, "Failed to reset terminal: %m");
 }
 
-TEST(pty_open_peer) {
+TEST(pty_open_peer, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_close_ int pty_fd = -EBADF, peer_fd = -EBADF;
         _cleanup_free_ char *pty_path = NULL;
 

src/test/test-time-util.c

@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ static void test_format_timestamp_with_tz_one(const char *tz) {
         tzset();
 }
 
-TEST(FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_with_tz) {
+TEST(FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_with_tz, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_strv_free_ char **timezones = NULL;
 
         test_format_timestamp_with_tz_one("UTC");

src/test/test-tmpfile-util.c

@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ TEST(tempfn_random_child) {
         test_tempfn_random_child_one(p, "hoge", q, 0);
 }
 
-TEST(link_tmpfile) {
+TEST(link_tmpfile, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_free_ char *cmd = NULL, *cmd2 = NULL, *ans = NULL, *ans2 = NULL, *d = NULL, *tmp = NULL, *line = NULL;
         _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF, fd2 = -EBADF;
         const char *p = saved_argv[1] ?: "/tmp";

src/test/test-umask-util.c

@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
         test_setup_logging(LOG_DEBUG);
 
+        if (proc_mounted() <= 0)
+                return log_tests_skipped("procfs not available");
+
         u = umask(0111);
 
         n = 0;

src/test/test-xattr-util.c

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 #include "tmpfile-util.h"
 #include "xattr-util.h"
 
-TEST(getxattr_at_malloc) {
+TEST(getxattr_at_malloc, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *t = NULL;
         _cleanup_free_ char *value = NULL;
         _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ static void verify_xattr(int dfd, const char *expected) {
         ASSERT_STREQ(value, expected);
 }
 
-TEST(xsetxattr) {
+TEST(xsetxattr, .proc_mounted = true) {
         _cleanup_(rm_rf_physical_and_freep) char *t = NULL;
         _cleanup_close_ int dfd = -EBADF, fd = -EBADF;
         const char *x;

test/test-fstab-generator.sh

@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@ set -eux
 shopt -s nullglob
 shopt -s globstar
 
+if ! mountpoint /proc; then
+   echo "procfs is not available, skipping"
+   exit 77
+fi
+
 if [[ -n "${1:-}" ]]; then
     generator=$1
 elif [[ -x /usr/lib/systemd/system-generators/systemd-fstab-generator ]]; then

test/test-systemctl-enable.sh

@@ -2,6 +2,11 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
 set -ex
 
+if ! mountpoint /proc; then
+   echo "procfs is not available, skipping"
+   exit 77
+fi
+
 # Silence warning from running_in_chroot_or_offline()
 export SYSTEMD_IN_CHROOT=0
 

test/test-systemd-tmpfiles.py

@@ -234,6 +234,11 @@ def test_conditionalized_execute_bit():
     assert "user:root:rwx" in c.stdout and "group:root:r-x" in c.stdout
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
+    # If proc is not mounted, skip the test
+    if not os.path.exists('/proc/self'):
+        print("procfs is not available, skipping")
+        sys.exit(EXIT_TEST_SKIP)
+
     test_invalids(user=False)
     test_invalids(user=True)
     test_uninitialized_t()

test/test-sysusers.sh.in

@@ -2,6 +2,11 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
 set -e
 
+if ! mountpoint /proc; then
+   echo "procfs is not available, skipping"
+   exit 77
+fi
+
 SYSUSERS="${1:-systemd-sysusers}"
 
 # shellcheck disable=SC1090

tools/check-help.sh

@@ -10,6 +10,11 @@ set -o pipefail
 BINARY="${1:?}"
 export SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL=info
 
+if [[ ! -d /proc/self/ ]]; then
+   echo "/proc/self/ is not available, skipping"
+   exit 77
+fi
+
 if [[ ! -x "$BINARY" ]]; then
     echo "$BINARY is not an executable"
     exit 1

tools/dbus_exporter.py

@@ -1,14 +1,24 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
+import os
 from argparse import ArgumentParser
 from pathlib import Path
 from subprocess import PIPE, run
 
 
 def extract_interfaces_xml(output_dir, executable):
+    # If proc is not mounted, set LD_LIBRARY_PATH so that shared/core libs can be found
+    env = os.environ.copy()
+    if not os.path.exists('/proc/self'):
+        if 'LD_LIBRARY_PATH' not in env:
+            env["LD_LIBRARY_PATH"] = "src/shared:src/core"
+        else:
+            env["LD_LIBRARY_PATH"] = f"src/shared:src/core:{env['LD_LIBRARY_PATH']}"
+
     proc = run(
         args=[executable.absolute(), '--bus-introspect', 'list'],
         stdout=PIPE,
+        env=env,
         check=True,
         universal_newlines=True)
 
@@ -18,6 +28,7 @@ def extract_interfaces_xml(output_dir, executable):
         proc = run(
             args=[executable.absolute(), '--bus-introspect', interface_name],
             stdout=PIPE,
+            env=env,
             check=True,
             universal_newlines=True)