Merge dba1e35b32 into c946b13575

The file README.logs is installed only if SysVInit support is enabled.
Thus the link should depend on it as well.

hwdb.d/60-keyboard.hwdb

@@ -1438,6 +1438,11 @@ evdev:input:b0003v046DpC309*
  KEYBOARD_KEY_c01b6=images                              # My Pictures (F11)
  KEYBOARD_KEY_c01b7=audio                               # My Music (F12)
 
+# Logitech MX Keys for Mac
+evdev:input:b0003v046Dp4092*
+ KEYBOARD_KEY_70035=102nd                               # '<' key
+ KEYBOARD_KEY_70064=grave                               # '^' key
+
 ###########################################################
 # Maxdata
 ###########################################################

hwdb.d/60-sensor.hwdb

@@ -953,6 +953,15 @@ sensor:modalias:acpi:MXC6655*:dmi:*:svnDefaultstring*:pnP612F:*
 sensor:modalias:acpi:SMO8500*:dmi:*:svnPEAQ:pnPEAQPMMC1010MD99187:*
  ACCEL_MOUNT_MATRIX=-1, 0, 0; 0, 1, 0; 0, 0, 1
 
+#########################################
+# Pine64
+#########################################
+
+# PineTab2
+
+sensor:modalias:of:NaccelerometerT_null_Csilan,sc7a20:*
+ ACCEL_MOUNT_MATRIX=0, 0, -1; 1, 0, 0; 0, -1, 0
+
 #########################################
 # Pipo
 #########################################

man/systemd-cryptenroll.xml

@@ -265,32 +265,11 @@
   </refsect1>
 
   <refsect1>
-    <title>Options</title>
+    <title>Unlocking</title>
 
-    <para>The following options are understood:</para>
+    <para>The following options are understood that may be used to unlock the device in preparation of the enrollment operations:</para>
 
     <variablelist>
-      <varlistentry>
-        <term><option>--password</option></term>
-
-        <listitem><para>Enroll a regular password/passphrase. This command is mostly equivalent to
-        <command>cryptsetup luksAddKey</command>, however may be combined with
-        <option>--wipe-slot=</option> in one call, see below.</para>
-
-        <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v248"/></listitem>
-      </varlistentry>
-
-      <varlistentry>
-        <term><option>--recovery-key</option></term>
-
-        <listitem><para>Enroll a recovery key. Recovery keys are mostly identical to passphrases, but are
-        computer-generated instead of being chosen by a human, and thus have a guaranteed high entropy. The
-        key uses a character set that is easy to type in, and may be scanned off screen via a QR code.
-        </para>
-
-        <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v248"/></listitem>
-      </varlistentry>
-
       <varlistentry>
         <term><option>--unlock-key-file=<replaceable>PATH</replaceable></option></term>
 
@@ -328,7 +307,45 @@
 
         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v256"/></listitem>
       </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
 
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Simple Enrollment</title>
+
+    <para>The following options are understood that may be used to enroll simple user input based
+    unlocking:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><option>--password</option></term>
+
+        <listitem><para>Enroll a regular password/passphrase. This command is mostly equivalent to
+        <command>cryptsetup luksAddKey</command>, however may be combined with
+        <option>--wipe-slot=</option> in one call, see below.</para>
+
+        <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v248"/></listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><option>--recovery-key</option></term>
+
+        <listitem><para>Enroll a recovery key. Recovery keys are mostly identical to passphrases, but are
+        computer-generated instead of being chosen by a human, and thus have a guaranteed high entropy. The
+        key uses a character set that is easy to type in, and may be scanned off screen via a QR code.
+        </para>
+
+        <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v248"/></listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>PKCS#11 Enrollment</title>
+
+    <para>The following option is understood that may be used to enroll PKCS#11 tokens:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
       <varlistentry>
         <term><option>--pkcs11-token-uri=<replaceable>URI</replaceable></option></term>
 
@@ -361,7 +378,15 @@
 
         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v248"/></listitem>
       </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
 
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>FIDO2 Enrollment</title>
+
+    <para>The following options are understood that may be used to enroll PKCS#11 tokens:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
       <varlistentry>
         <term><option>--fido2-credential-algorithm=<replaceable>STRING</replaceable></option></term>
         <listitem><para>Specify COSE algorithm used in credential generation. The default value is
@@ -461,7 +486,15 @@
 
         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v249"/></listitem>
       </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
 
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>TPM2 Enrollment</title>
+
+    <para>The following options are understood that may be used to enroll TPM2 devices:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
       <varlistentry>
         <term><option>--tpm2-device=<replaceable>PATH</replaceable></option></term>
 
@@ -636,7 +669,15 @@
 
         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v255"/></listitem>
       </varlistentry>
+    </variablelist>
+  </refsect1>
 
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Other Options</title>
+
+    <para>The following additional options are understood:</para>
+
+    <variablelist>
       <varlistentry>
         <term><option>--wipe-slot=<replaceable>SLOT<optional>,SLOT...</optional></replaceable></option></term>
 

po/uk.po

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
 "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-11-06 14:42+0000\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2024-11-20 19:13+0000\n"
-"Last-Translator: Dmytro Markevych <hotr1pak@gmail.com>\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2024-11-21 19:38+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Yuri Chornoivan <yurchor@ukr.net>\n"
 "Language-Team: Ukrainian <https://translate.fedoraproject.org/projects/"
 "systemd/main/uk/>\n"
 "Language: uk\n"
@@ -120,11 +120,11 @@ msgstr "Для оновлення домашньої теки користува
 
 #: src/home/org.freedesktop.home1.policy:53
 msgid "Update your home area"
-msgstr "Оновіть свій домашній простір"
+msgstr "Оновлення домашньої області"
 
 #: src/home/org.freedesktop.home1.policy:54
 msgid "Authentication is required to update your home area."
-msgstr "Для оновлення домашньої області потрібна автентифікація."
+msgstr "Для оновлення домашньої області слід пройти розпізнавання."
 
 #: src/home/org.freedesktop.home1.policy:63
 msgid "Resize a home area"
@@ -1215,7 +1215,7 @@ msgstr "Керування додатковими функціями"
 
 #: src/sysupdate/org.freedesktop.sysupdate1.policy:76
 msgid "Authentication is required to manage optional features"
-msgstr "Для керування додатковими функціями потрібна автентифікація"
+msgstr "Для керування додатковими можливостями слід пройти розпізнавання"
 
 #: src/timedate/org.freedesktop.timedate1.policy:22
 msgid "Set system time"

shell-completion/bash/systemd-cryptenroll

@@ -38,19 +38,12 @@ __get_tpm2_devices() {
     done
 }
 
-__get_block_devices() {
-    local i
-    for i in /dev/*; do
-        [ -b "$i" ] && printf '%s\n' "$i"
-    done
-}
-
 _systemd_cryptenroll() {
     local comps
     local cur=${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]} prev=${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]} words cword
     local -A OPTS=(
         [STANDALONE]='-h --help --version
-                     --password --recovery-key'
+                     --password --recovery-key --list-devices'
         [ARG]='--unlock-key-file
                --unlock-fido2-device
                --unlock-tpm2-device
@@ -116,7 +109,7 @@ _systemd_cryptenroll() {
         return 0
     fi
 
-    comps=$(__get_block_devices)
+    comps=$(systemd-cryptenroll --list-devices)
     COMPREPLY=( $(compgen -W '$comps' -- "$cur") )
     return 0
 }

src/core/service.c

@@ -3426,14 +3426,12 @@ static int service_deserialize_item(Unit *u, const char *key, const char *value,
                         return 0;
                 }
 
-                r = service_add_fd_store(s, fd, fdn, do_poll);
+                r = service_add_fd_store(s, TAKE_FD(fd), fdn, do_poll);
                 if (r < 0) {
                         log_unit_debug_errno(u, r,
                                              "Failed to store deserialized fd '%s', ignoring: %m", fdn);
                         return 0;
                 }
-
-                TAKE_FD(fd);
         } else if (streq(key, "extra-fd")) {
                 _cleanup_free_ char *fdv = NULL, *fdn = NULL;
                 _cleanup_close_ int fd = -EBADF;

src/cryptenroll/cryptenroll.c

@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ static int help(void) {
                "\n%3$sSimple Enrollment:%4$s\n"
                "     --password        Enroll a user-supplied password\n"
                "     --recovery-key    Enroll a recovery key\n"
-               "\n%3$sPKCS11 Enrollment:%4$s\n"
+               "\n%3$sPKCS#11 Enrollment:%4$s\n"
                "     --pkcs11-token-uri=URI\n"
                "                       Specify PKCS#11 security token URI\n"
                "\n%3$sFIDO2 Enrollment:%4$s\n"

src/libsystemd/sd-varlink/varlink-util.c

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ int varlink_get_peer_pidref(sd_varlink *v, PidRef *ret) {
 
         int pidfd = sd_varlink_get_peer_pidfd(v);
         if (pidfd < 0) {
-                if (!ERRNO_IS_NEG_NOT_SUPPORTED(pidfd))
+                if (!ERRNO_IS_NEG_NOT_SUPPORTED(pidfd) && pidfd != -EINVAL)
                         return pidfd;
 
                 pid_t pid;

src/resolve/resolved-dns-cache.c

@@ -1169,7 +1169,7 @@ int dns_cache_lookup(
                 /* We'll return any packet we have for this. Typically all cache entries for the same key
                  * should come from the same packet anyway, hence it doesn't really matter which packet we
                  * return here, they should all resolve to the same anyway. */
-                if (!full_packet && j->full_packet)
+                if (!full_packet && j->full_packet && j->key->type != DNS_TYPE_CNAME)
                         full_packet = dns_packet_ref(j->full_packet);
         }
 

src/shared/tpm2-util.h

@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ int tpm2_make_pcr_json_array(uint32_t pcr_mask, sd_json_variant **ret);
 int tpm2_parse_pcr_json_array(sd_json_variant *v, uint32_t *ret);
 
 int tpm2_make_luks2_json(int keyslot, uint32_t hash_pcr_mask, uint16_t pcr_bank, const struct iovec *pubkey, uint32_t pubkey_pcr_mask, uint16_t primary_alg, const struct iovec blobs[], size_t n_blobs, const struct iovec policy_hash[], size_t n_policy_hash, const struct iovec *salt, const struct iovec *srk, const struct iovec *pcrlock_nv, TPM2Flags flags, sd_json_variant **ret);
-int tpm2_parse_luks2_json(sd_json_variant *v, int *ret_keyslot, uint32_t *ret_hash_pcr_mask, uint16_t *ret_pcr_bank, struct iovec *ret_pubkey, uint32_t *ret_pubkey_pcr_mask, uint16_t *ret_primary_alg, struct iovec **ret_blobs, size_t *ret_n_blobs, struct iovec **ret_policy_hash, size_t *ret_n_policy_hash, struct iovec *ret_salt, struct iovec *ret_srk, struct iovec *pcrlock_nv, TPM2Flags *ret_flags);
+int tpm2_parse_luks2_json(sd_json_variant *v, int *ret_keyslot, uint32_t *ret_hash_pcr_mask, uint16_t *ret_pcr_bank, struct iovec *ret_pubkey, uint32_t *ret_pubkey_pcr_mask, uint16_t *ret_primary_alg, struct iovec **ret_blobs, size_t *ret_n_blobs, struct iovec **ret_policy_hash, size_t *ret_n_policy_hash, struct iovec *ret_salt, struct iovec *ret_srk, struct iovec *ret_pcrlock_nv, TPM2Flags *ret_flags);
 
 /* Default to PCR 7 only */
 #define TPM2_PCR_INDEX_DEFAULT UINT32_C(7)

src/userdb/userdbctl.c

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include "user-util.h"
 #include "userdb.h"
 #include "verbs.h"
+#include "virt.h"
 
 static enum {
         OUTPUT_CLASSIC,
@@ -139,10 +140,16 @@ static int show_user(UserRecord *ur, Table *table) {
         return 0;
 }
 
+static bool test_show_mapped(void) {
+        /* Show mapped user range only in environments where user mapping is a thing. */
+        return running_in_userns() > 0;
+}
+
 static const struct {
         uid_t first, last;
         const char *name;
         UserDisposition disposition;
+        bool (*test)(void);
 } uid_range_table[] = {
         {
                 .first = 1,
@@ -175,11 +182,12 @@ static const struct {
                 .last = MAP_UID_MAX,
                 .name = "mapped",
                 .disposition = USER_REGULAR,
+                .test = test_show_mapped,
         },
 };
 
 static int table_add_uid_boundaries(Table *table, const UIDRange *p) {
-        int r;
+        int r, n_added = 0;
 
         assert(table);
 
@@ -192,6 +200,9 @@ static int table_add_uid_boundaries(Table *table, const UIDRange *p) {
                 if (!uid_range_covers(p, i->first, i->last - i->first + 1))
                         continue;
 
+                if (i->test && !i->test())
+                        continue;
+
                 name = strjoin(special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_ARROW_DOWN),
                                " begin ", i->name, " users ",
                                special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_ARROW_DOWN));
@@ -249,9 +260,11 @@ static int table_add_uid_boundaries(Table *table, const UIDRange *p) {
                                 TABLE_INT, 1); /* sort after any other entry with the same UID */
                 if (r < 0)
                         return table_log_add_error(r);
+
+                n_added += 2;
         }
 
-        return ELEMENTSOF(uid_range_table) * 2;
+        return n_added;
 }
 
 static int add_unavailable_uid(Table *table, uid_t start, uid_t end) {
@@ -565,16 +578,22 @@ static int show_group(GroupRecord *gr, Table *table) {
 }
 
 static int table_add_gid_boundaries(Table *table, const UIDRange *p) {
-        int r;
+        int r, n_added = 0;
 
         assert(table);
 
         FOREACH_ELEMENT(i, uid_range_table) {
                 _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL, *comment = NULL;
 
+                if (!FLAGS_SET(arg_disposition_mask, UINT64_C(1) << i->disposition))
+                        continue;
+
                 if (!uid_range_covers(p, i->first, i->last - i->first + 1))
                         continue;
 
+                if (i->test && !i->test())
+                        continue;
+
                 name = strjoin(special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_ARROW_DOWN),
                                " begin ", i->name, " groups ",
                                special_glyph(SPECIAL_GLYPH_ARROW_DOWN));
@@ -626,9 +645,11 @@ static int table_add_gid_boundaries(Table *table, const UIDRange *p) {
                                 TABLE_INT, 1); /* sort after any other entry with the same GID */
                 if (r < 0)
                         return table_log_add_error(r);
+
+                n_added += 2;
         }
 
-        return ELEMENTSOF(uid_range_table) * 2;
+        return n_added;
 }
 
 static int add_unavailable_gid(Table *table, uid_t start, uid_t end) {

tmpfiles.d/20-systemd-shell-extra.conf.in

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 {% if LINK_SHELL_EXTRA_DROPIN %}
 L$ {{SHELLPROFILEDIR}}/70-systemd-shell-extra.sh - - - - {{LIBEXECDIR}}/profile.d/70-systemd-shell-extra.sh

tmpfiles.d/20-systemd-ssh-generator.conf.in

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 {% if LINK_SSH_PROXY_DROPIN %}
 L$ {{SSHCONFDIR}}/20-systemd-ssh-proxy.conf - - - - {{LIBEXECDIR}}/ssh_config.d/20-systemd-ssh-proxy.conf

tmpfiles.d/20-systemd-stub.conf.in

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 # Copy systemd-stub provided metadata such as PCR signature and public key file
 # from initrd into /run/, so that it will survive the initrd stage

tmpfiles.d/20-systemd-userdb.conf.in

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 {% if LINK_SSHD_USERDB_DROPIN %}
 L {{SSHDCONFDIR}}/20-systemd-userdb.conf - - - - {{LIBEXECDIR}}/sshd_config.d/20-systemd-userdb.conf

tmpfiles.d/credstore.conf

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 d /etc/credstore 0700 root root
 d /etc/credstore.encrypted 0700 root root

tmpfiles.d/etc.conf.in

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 L /etc/os-release - - - - ../usr/lib/os-release
 L+ /etc/mtab - - - - ../proc/self/mounts

tmpfiles.d/home.conf

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 Q /home 0755 - - -
 q /srv 0755 - - -

tmpfiles.d/journal-nocow.conf

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 # Set the NOCOW attribute for directories of journal files. This flag
 # is inherited by their new files and sub-directories. Matters only

tmpfiles.d/legacy.conf.in

@@ -5,26 +5,28 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
-# These files are considered legacy and are unnecessary on legacy-free
-# systems.
+# The functionality provided by these files and directories has been replaced
+# by newer interfaces. Their use is discouraged on legacy-free systems. This
+# configuration is provided to maintain backward compatibility.
 
 d /run/lock 0755 root root -
 L /var/lock - - - - ../run/lock
+
+{% if HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT %}
 {% if CREATE_LOG_DIRS %}
 L$ /var/log/README - - - - ../..{{DOC_DIR}}/README.logs
 {% endif %}
 
 # /run/lock/subsys is used for serializing SysV service execution, and
 # hence without use on SysV-less systems.
-
 d /run/lock/subsys 0755 root root -
 
 # /forcefsck, /fastboot and /forcequotacheck are deprecated in favor of the
 # kernel command line options 'fsck.mode=force', 'fsck.mode=skip' and
 # 'quotacheck.mode=force'
-
 r! /forcefsck
 r! /fastboot
 r! /forcequotacheck
+{% endif %}

tmpfiles.d/meson.build

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ in_files = [
         ['20-systemd-stub.conf',          'ENABLE_EFI'],
         ['20-systemd-userdb.conf',        'ENABLE_SSH_USERDB_CONFIG'],
         ['etc.conf'],
-        ['legacy.conf',                   'HAVE_SYSV_COMPAT'],
+        ['legacy.conf'],
         ['static-nodes-permissions.conf'],
         ['systemd.conf'],
         ['var.conf'],

tmpfiles.d/portables.conf

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 Q /var/lib/portables 0700

tmpfiles.d/provision.conf

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 # Provision additional login messages from credentials, if they are set. Note
 # that these lines are NOPs if the credentials are not set or if the files

tmpfiles.d/systemd-network.conf

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 d$ /run/systemd/netif        0755 systemd-network systemd-network -
 d$ /run/systemd/netif/links  0755 systemd-network systemd-network -

tmpfiles.d/systemd-nspawn.conf

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 Q /var/lib/machines 0700 - - -
 

tmpfiles.d/systemd-resolve.conf

@@ -5,6 +5,6 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 L! /etc/resolv.conf - - - - ../run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf

tmpfiles.d/systemd-tmp.conf

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 # Exclude namespace mountpoints created with PrivateTmp=yes
 x /tmp/systemd-private-%b-*

tmpfiles.d/systemd.conf.in

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 d /run/user 0755 root root -
 {% if ENABLE_UTMP %}

tmpfiles.d/tmp.conf

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 # Clear tmp directories separately, to make them easier to override
 q /tmp 1777 root root 10d

tmpfiles.d/var.conf.in

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 q /var 0755 - - -
 

tmpfiles.d/x11.conf

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
 #  (at your option) any later version.
 
-# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details
+# See tmpfiles.d(5) for details.
 
 # Make sure these are created by default so that nobody else can
 # or empty them at startup