Merge 67591fd782 into c946b13575

This makes sure we now use Varlink per default as transport for
allocating sessions.

This reduces the time it takes to do one run0 cycle by roughly ~10% on my
completely synthetic test setup (assuming the target user's service
manager is already started)

The D-Bus codepaths are kept in place for two reasons:
* To make upgrades easy
* If the user actually sets resource properties on the PAM session we
  fall back to the D-Bus codepaths, as we currently have no way to
  encode the scope properties in JSON, this is only supported for D-Bus
  serialization.

The latter should be revisited once it is possible to allocate a scope
unit from PID1 via varlink.

src/basic/cgroup-util.c

@@ -1418,6 +1418,26 @@ int cg_pid_get_session(pid_t pid, char **ret_session) {
         return cg_path_get_session(cgroup, ret_session);
 }
 
+int cg_pidref_get_session(const PidRef *pidref, char **ret) {
+        int r;
+
+        if (!pidref_is_set(pidref))
+                return -ESRCH;
+
+        _cleanup_free_ char *session = NULL;
+        r = cg_pid_get_session(pidref->pid, &session);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        r = pidref_verify(pidref);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        if (ret)
+                *ret = TAKE_PTR(session);
+        return 0;
+}
+
 int cg_path_get_owner_uid(const char *path, uid_t *ret_uid) {
         _cleanup_free_ char *slice = NULL;
         char *start, *end;
@@ -1455,6 +1475,27 @@ int cg_pid_get_owner_uid(pid_t pid, uid_t *ret_uid) {
         return cg_path_get_owner_uid(cgroup, ret_uid);
 }
 
+int cg_pidref_get_owner_uid(const PidRef *pidref, uid_t *ret) {
+        int r;
+
+        if (!pidref_is_set(pidref))
+                return -ESRCH;
+
+        uid_t uid;
+        r = cg_pid_get_owner_uid(pidref->pid, &uid);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        r = pidref_verify(pidref);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        if (ret)
+                *ret = uid;
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
 int cg_path_get_slice(const char *p, char **ret_slice) {
         const char *e = NULL;
 

src/basic/cgroup-util.h

@@ -280,7 +280,9 @@ int cg_shift_path(const char *cgroup, const char *cached_root, const char **ret_
 int cg_pid_get_path_shifted(pid_t pid, const char *cached_root, char **ret_cgroup);
 
 int cg_pid_get_session(pid_t pid, char **ret_session);
+int cg_pidref_get_session(const PidRef *pidref, char **ret_session);
 int cg_pid_get_owner_uid(pid_t pid, uid_t *ret_uid);
+int cg_pidref_get_owner_uid(const PidRef *pidref, uid_t *ret_uid);
 int cg_pid_get_unit(pid_t pid, char **ret_unit);
 int cg_pidref_get_unit(const PidRef *pidref, char **ret);
 int cg_pid_get_user_unit(pid_t pid, char **ret_unit);

src/basic/pidref.c

@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ int pidref_wait(const PidRef *pidref, siginfo_t *ret, int options) {
         if (pidref_is_remote(pidref))
                 return -EREMOTE;
 
-        if (pidref->pid == 1 || pidref->pid == getpid_cached())
+        if (pidref->pid == 1 || pidref_is_self(pidref))
                 return -ECHILD;
 
         siginfo_t si = {};

src/basic/socket-util.c

@@ -975,6 +975,28 @@ int getpeerpidfd(int fd) {
         return pidfd;
 }
 
+int getpeerpidref(int fd, PidRef *ret) {
+        int r;
+
+        assert(fd >= 0);
+        assert(ret);
+
+        int pidfd = getpeerpidfd(fd);
+        if (pidfd < 0)  {
+                if (!ERRNO_IS_NEG_NOT_SUPPORTED(pidfd) && pidfd != -EINVAL)
+                        return pidfd;
+
+                struct ucred ucred;
+                r = getpeercred(fd, &ucred);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return r;
+
+                return pidref_set_pid(ret, ucred.pid);
+        }
+
+        return pidref_set_pidfd_consume(ret, pidfd);
+}
+
 ssize_t send_many_fds_iov_sa(
                 int transport_fd,
                 int *fds_array, size_t n_fds_array,

src/basic/socket-util.h

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include "macro.h"
 #include "missing_network.h"
 #include "missing_socket.h"
+#include "pidref.h"
 #include "sparse-endian.h"
 
 union sockaddr_union {
@@ -154,6 +155,7 @@ int getpeercred(int fd, struct ucred *ucred);
 int getpeersec(int fd, char **ret);
 int getpeergroups(int fd, gid_t **ret);
 int getpeerpidfd(int fd);
+int getpeerpidref(int fd, PidRef *ret);
 
 ssize_t send_many_fds_iov_sa(
                 int transport_fd,

src/basic/terminal-util.c

@@ -761,26 +761,24 @@ bool tty_is_console(const char *tty) {
 }
 
 int vtnr_from_tty(const char *tty) {
-        int i, r;
+        int r;
 
         assert(tty);
 
         tty = skip_dev_prefix(tty);
 
-        if (!startswith(tty, "tty") )
+        const char *e = startswith(tty, "tty");
+        if (!e)
                 return -EINVAL;
 
-        if (!ascii_isdigit(tty[3]))
+        unsigned u;
-                return -EINVAL;
+        r = safe_atou(e, &u);
-
-        r = safe_atoi(tty+3, &i);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
+        if (!vtnr_is_valid(u))
+                return -ERANGE;
 
-        if (i < 0 || i > 63)
+        return (int) u;
-                return -EINVAL;
-
-        return i;
 }
 
 int resolve_dev_console(char **ret) {

src/basic/terminal-util.h

@@ -157,3 +157,7 @@ int terminal_is_pty_fd(int fd);
 
 int pty_open_peer_racefree(int fd, int mode);
 int pty_open_peer(int fd, int mode);
+
+static inline bool vtnr_is_valid(unsigned n) {
+        return n >= 1 && n <= 63;
+}

src/libsystemd/sd-bus/test-bus-peersockaddr.c

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ static void *server(void *p) {
                 _cleanup_(pidref_done) PidRef pidref = PIDREF_NULL;
 
                 assert_se(pidref_set_pidfd_take(&pidref, pidfd) >= 0);
-                assert_se(pidref.pid == getpid_cached());
+                assert_se(pidref_is_self(&pidref));
         }
 
         const gid_t *gl = NULL;

src/libsystemd/sd-json/json-util.c

@@ -125,14 +125,13 @@ int json_dispatch_in_addr(const char *name, sd_json_variant *variant, sd_json_di
         return 0;
 }
 
-int json_dispatch_path(const char *name, sd_json_variant *variant, sd_json_dispatch_flags_t flags, void *userdata) {
+int json_dispatch_const_path(const char *name, sd_json_variant *variant, sd_json_dispatch_flags_t flags, void *userdata) {
-        char **p = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
+        const char **p = ASSERT_PTR(userdata), *path;
-        const char *path;
 
         assert(variant);
 
         if (sd_json_variant_is_null(variant)) {
-                *p = mfree(*p);
+                *p = NULL;
                 return 0;
         }
 
@@ -145,8 +144,24 @@ int json_dispatch_path(const char *name, sd_json_variant *variant, sd_json_dispa
         if (!path_is_absolute(path))
                 return json_log(variant, flags, SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "JSON field '%s' is not an absolute file system path.", strna(name));
 
-        if (free_and_strdup(p, path) < 0)
+        *p = path;
-                return json_log_oom(variant, flags);
+        return 0;
+}
+
+int json_dispatch_path(const char *name, sd_json_variant *variant, sd_json_dispatch_flags_t flags, void *userdata) {
+        char **s = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
+        const char *p;
+        int r;
+
+        assert_return(variant, -EINVAL);
+
+        r = json_dispatch_const_path(name, variant, flags, &p);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        r = free_and_strdup(s, p);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return json_log(variant, flags, r, "Failed to allocate path string: %m");
 
         return 0;
 }

src/libsystemd/sd-json/json-util.h

@@ -113,6 +113,7 @@ int json_dispatch_user_group_name(const char *name, sd_json_variant *variant, sd
 int json_dispatch_const_user_group_name(const char *name, sd_json_variant *variant, sd_json_dispatch_flags_t flags, void *userdata);
 int json_dispatch_in_addr(const char *name, sd_json_variant *variant, sd_json_dispatch_flags_t flags, void *userdata);
 int json_dispatch_path(const char *name, sd_json_variant *variant, sd_json_dispatch_flags_t flags, void *userdata);
+int json_dispatch_const_path(const char *name, sd_json_variant *variant, sd_json_dispatch_flags_t flags, void *userdata);
 int json_dispatch_pidref(const char *name, sd_json_variant *variant, sd_json_dispatch_flags_t flags, void *userdata);
 int json_dispatch_devnum(const char *name, sd_json_variant *variant, sd_json_dispatch_flags_t flags, void *userdata);
 int json_dispatch_ifindex(const char *name, sd_json_variant *variant, sd_json_dispatch_flags_t flags, void *userdata);

src/libsystemd/sd-login/sd-login.c

@@ -334,46 +334,46 @@ _public_ int sd_pidfd_get_cgroup(int pidfd, char **ret_cgroup) {
         return 0;
 }
 
-_public_ int sd_peer_get_session(int fd, char **session) {
+_public_ int sd_peer_get_session(int fd, char **ret) {
-        struct ucred ucred = UCRED_INVALID;
         int r;
 
         assert_return(fd >= 0, -EBADF);
-        assert_return(session, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(ret, -EINVAL);
 
-        r = getpeercred(fd, &ucred);
+        _cleanup_(pidref_done) PidRef pidref = PIDREF_NULL;
+        r = getpeerpidref(fd, &pidref);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        return cg_pid_get_session(ucred.pid, session);
+        return cg_pidref_get_session(&pidref, ret);
 }
 
-_public_ int sd_peer_get_owner_uid(int fd, uid_t *uid) {
+_public_ int sd_peer_get_owner_uid(int fd, uid_t *ret) {
-        struct ucred ucred;
         int r;
 
         assert_return(fd >= 0, -EBADF);
-        assert_return(uid, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(ret, -EINVAL);
 
-        r = getpeercred(fd, &ucred);
+        _cleanup_(pidref_done) PidRef pidref = PIDREF_NULL;
+        r = getpeerpidref(fd, &pidref);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        return cg_pid_get_owner_uid(ucred.pid, uid);
+        return cg_pidref_get_owner_uid(&pidref, ret);
 }
 
-_public_ int sd_peer_get_unit(int fd, char **unit) {
+_public_ int sd_peer_get_unit(int fd, char **ret) {
-        struct ucred ucred;
         int r;
 
         assert_return(fd >= 0, -EBADF);
-        assert_return(unit, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return(ret, -EINVAL);
 
-        r = getpeercred(fd, &ucred);
+        _cleanup_(pidref_done) PidRef pidref = PIDREF_NULL;
+        r = getpeerpidref(fd, &pidref);
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        return cg_pid_get_unit(ucred.pid, unit);
+        return cg_pidref_get_unit(&pidref, ret);
 }
 
 _public_ int sd_peer_get_user_unit(int fd, char **unit) {

src/libsystemd/sd-varlink/sd-varlink.c

@@ -1698,7 +1698,8 @@ _public_ int sd_varlink_get_events(sd_varlink *v) {
                 ret |= EPOLLIN;
 
         if (!v->write_disconnected &&
-            v->output_buffer_size > 0)
+            (v->output_queue ||
+             v->output_buffer_size > 0))
                 ret |= EPOLLOUT;
 
         return ret;
@@ -3218,7 +3219,13 @@ _public_ int sd_varlink_server_new(sd_varlink_server **ret, sd_varlink_server_fl
         int r;
 
         assert_return(ret, -EINVAL);
-        assert_return((flags & ~(SD_VARLINK_SERVER_ROOT_ONLY|SD_VARLINK_SERVER_MYSELF_ONLY|SD_VARLINK_SERVER_ACCOUNT_UID|SD_VARLINK_SERVER_INHERIT_USERDATA|SD_VARLINK_SERVER_INPUT_SENSITIVE)) == 0, -EINVAL);
+        assert_return((flags & ~(SD_VARLINK_SERVER_ROOT_ONLY|
+                                 SD_VARLINK_SERVER_MYSELF_ONLY|
+                                 SD_VARLINK_SERVER_ACCOUNT_UID|
+                                 SD_VARLINK_SERVER_INHERIT_USERDATA|
+                                 SD_VARLINK_SERVER_INPUT_SENSITIVE|
+                                 SD_VARLINK_SERVER_ALLOW_FD_PASSING_INPUT|
+                                 SD_VARLINK_SERVER_ALLOW_FD_PASSING_OUTPUT)) == 0, -EINVAL);
 
         s = new(sd_varlink_server, 1);
         if (!s)
@@ -3399,6 +3406,9 @@ _public_ int sd_varlink_server_add_connection_pair(
         if (asprintf(&desc, "%s-%i-%i", varlink_server_description(server), input_fd, output_fd) >= 0)
                 v->description = TAKE_PTR(desc);
 
+        (void) sd_varlink_set_allow_fd_passing_input(v, FLAGS_SET(server->flags, SD_VARLINK_SERVER_ALLOW_FD_PASSING_INPUT));
+        (void) sd_varlink_set_allow_fd_passing_output(v, FLAGS_SET(server->flags, SD_VARLINK_SERVER_ALLOW_FD_PASSING_OUTPUT));
+
         /* Link up the server and the connection, and take reference in both directions. Note that the
          * reference on the connection is left dangling. It will be dropped when the connection is closed,
          * which happens in varlink_close(), including in the event loop quit callback. */

src/login/logind-dbus.c

@@ -85,6 +85,8 @@ static int get_sender_session(
         const char *name;
         int r;
 
+        assert(m);
+
         /* Acquire the sender's session. This first checks if the sending process is inside a session itself,
          * and returns that. If not and 'consult_display' is true, this returns the display session of the
          * owning user of the caller. */
@@ -827,189 +829,24 @@ static int method_list_inhibitors(sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bu
         return sd_bus_send(NULL, reply, NULL);
 }
 
-static int create_session(
+static int manager_choose_session_id(
-                sd_bus_message *message,
+                Manager *m,
-                void *userdata,
+                PidRef *leader,
-                sd_bus_error *error,
+                char **ret_id) {
-                uid_t uid,
-                pid_t leader_pid,
-                int leader_pidfd,
-                const char *service,
-                const char *type,
-                const char *class,
-                const char *desktop,
-                const char *cseat,
-                uint32_t vtnr,
-                const char *tty,
-                const char *display,
-                int remote,
-                const char *remote_user,
-                const char *remote_host,
-                uint64_t flags) {
 
-        _cleanup_(pidref_done) PidRef leader = PIDREF_NULL;
-        Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
-        _cleanup_free_ char *id = NULL;
-        Session *session = NULL;
-        uint32_t audit_id = 0;
-        User *user = NULL;
-        Seat *seat = NULL;
-        SessionType t;
-        SessionClass c;
         int r;
 
-        assert(message);
+        assert(m);
+        assert(pidref_is_set(leader));
+        assert(ret_id);
 
-        if (!uid_is_valid(uid))
+        /* Try to keep our session IDs and the audit session IDs in sync */
-                return sd_bus_error_set(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid UID");
+        _cleanup_free_ char *id = NULL;
-
+        uint32_t audit_id = AUDIT_SESSION_INVALID;
-        if (flags != 0)
+        r = audit_session_from_pid(leader, &audit_id);
-                return sd_bus_error_set(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Flags must be zero.");
-
-        if (leader_pidfd >= 0)
-                r = pidref_set_pidfd(&leader, leader_pidfd);
-        else if (leader_pid == 0)
-                r = bus_query_sender_pidref(message, &leader);
-        else {
-                if (leader_pid < 0)
-                        return sd_bus_error_set(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Leader PID is not valid");
-
-                r = pidref_set_pid(&leader, leader_pid);
-        }
         if (r < 0)
-                return r;
+                log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to read audit session ID of process " PID_FMT ", ignoring: %m", leader->pid);
-
-        if (leader.pid == 1 || leader.pid == getpid_cached())
-                return sd_bus_error_set(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid leader PID");
-
-        if (isempty(type))
-                t = _SESSION_TYPE_INVALID;
         else {
-                t = session_type_from_string(type);
-                if (t < 0)
-                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
-                                                 "Invalid session type %s", type);
-        }
-
-        if (isempty(class))
-                c = _SESSION_CLASS_INVALID;
-        else {
-                c = session_class_from_string(class);
-                if (c < 0)
-                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
-                                                 "Invalid session class %s", class);
-        }
-
-        if (isempty(desktop))
-                desktop = NULL;
-        else {
-                if (!string_is_safe(desktop))
-                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
-                                                 "Invalid desktop string %s", desktop);
-        }
-
-        if (isempty(cseat))
-                seat = NULL;
-        else {
-                seat = hashmap_get(m->seats, cseat);
-                if (!seat)
-                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_SEAT,
-                                                 "No seat '%s' known", cseat);
-        }
-
-        if (tty_is_vc(tty)) {
-                int v;
-
-                if (!seat)
-                        seat = m->seat0;
-                else if (seat != m->seat0)
-                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
-                                                 "TTY %s is virtual console but seat %s is not seat0", tty, seat->id);
-
-                v = vtnr_from_tty(tty);
-                if (v <= 0)
-                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
-                                                 "Cannot determine VT number from virtual console TTY %s", tty);
-
-                if (vtnr == 0)
-                        vtnr = (uint32_t) v;
-                else if (vtnr != (uint32_t) v)
-                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
-                                                 "Specified TTY and VT number do not match");
-
-        } else if (tty_is_console(tty)) {
-
-                if (!seat)
-                        seat = m->seat0;
-                else if (seat != m->seat0)
-                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
-                                                 "Console TTY specified but seat is not seat0");
-
-                if (vtnr != 0)
-                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
-                                                 "Console TTY specified but VT number is not 0");
-        }
-
-        if (seat) {
-                if (seat_has_vts(seat)) {
-                        if (vtnr <= 0 || vtnr > 63)
-                                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
-                                                         "VT number out of range");
-                } else {
-                        if (vtnr != 0)
-                                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
-                                                         "Seat has no VTs but VT number not 0");
-                }
-        }
-
-        if (t == _SESSION_TYPE_INVALID) {
-                if (!isempty(display))
-                        t = SESSION_X11;
-                else if (!isempty(tty))
-                        t = SESSION_TTY;
-                else
-                        t = SESSION_UNSPECIFIED;
-        }
-
-        if (c == _SESSION_CLASS_INVALID) {
-                if (t == SESSION_UNSPECIFIED)
-                        c = SESSION_BACKGROUND;
-                else
-                        c = SESSION_USER;
-        }
-
-        /* Check if we are already in a logind session, and if so refuse. */
-        r = manager_get_session_by_pidref(m, &leader, /* ret_session= */ NULL);
-        if (r < 0)
-                return log_debug_errno(
-                                r,
-                                "Failed to check if process " PID_FMT " is already in a session: %m",
-                                leader.pid);
-        if (r > 0)
-                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_SESSION_BUSY,
-                                         "Already running in a session or user slice");
-
-        /* Old gdm and lightdm start the user-session on the same VT as the greeter session. But they destroy
-         * the greeter session after the user-session and want the user-session to take over the VT. We need
-         * to support this for backwards-compatibility, so make sure we allow new sessions on a VT that a
-         * greeter is running on. Furthermore, to allow re-logins, we have to allow a greeter to take over a
-         * used VT for the exact same reasons. */
-        if (c != SESSION_GREETER &&
-            vtnr > 0 &&
-            vtnr < MALLOC_ELEMENTSOF(m->seat0->positions) &&
-            m->seat0->positions[vtnr] &&
-            m->seat0->positions[vtnr]->class != SESSION_GREETER)
-                return sd_bus_error_set(error, BUS_ERROR_SESSION_BUSY, "Already occupied by a session");
-
-        if (hashmap_size(m->sessions) >= m->sessions_max)
-                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_LIMITS_EXCEEDED,
-                                         "Maximum number of sessions (%" PRIu64 ") reached, refusing further sessions.",
-                                         m->sessions_max);
-
-        (void) audit_session_from_pid(&leader, &audit_id);
-        if (audit_session_is_valid(audit_id)) {
-                /* Keep our session IDs and the audit session IDs in sync */
-
                 if (asprintf(&id, "%"PRIu32, audit_id) < 0)
                         return -ENOMEM;
 
@@ -1017,12 +854,11 @@ static int create_session(
                  * not trust the audit data and let's better register a new ID */
                 if (hashmap_contains(m->sessions, id)) {
                         log_warning("Existing logind session ID %s used by new audit session, ignoring.", id);
-                        audit_id = AUDIT_SESSION_INVALID;
                         id = mfree(id);
                 }
         }
 
-        if (!id) {
+        if (!id)
                 do {
                         id = mfree(id);
 
@@ -1030,15 +866,97 @@ static int create_session(
                                 return -ENOMEM;
 
                 } while (hashmap_contains(m->sessions, id));
-        }
 
         /* The generated names should not clash with 'auto' or 'self' */
         assert(!SESSION_IS_SELF(id));
         assert(!SESSION_IS_AUTO(id));
 
+        *ret_id = TAKE_PTR(id);
+        return 0;
+}
+
+int manager_create_session(
+                Manager *m,
+                uid_t uid,
+                PidRef *leader, /* consumed */
+                const char *service,
+                SessionType type,
+                SessionClass class,
+                const char *desktop,
+                Seat *seat,
+                unsigned vtnr,
+                const char *tty,
+                const char *display,
+                bool remote,
+                const char *remote_user,
+                const char *remote_host,
+                Session **ret_session) {
+
+        int r;
+
+        assert(m);
+        assert(uid_is_valid(uid));
+        assert(pidref_is_set(leader));
+        assert(ret_session);
+
+        /* Returns:
+         *    -EBUSY         → client is already in a session
+         *    -EADDRNOTAVAIL → VT is already taken
+         *    -EUSERS        → limit of sessions reached
+         */
+
+        if (type == _SESSION_TYPE_INVALID) {
+                if (!isempty(display))
+                        type = SESSION_X11;
+                else if (!isempty(tty))
+                        type = SESSION_TTY;
+                else
+                        type = SESSION_UNSPECIFIED;
+        }
+
+        if (class == _SESSION_CLASS_INVALID) {
+                if (type == SESSION_UNSPECIFIED)
+                        class = SESSION_BACKGROUND;
+                else
+                        class = SESSION_USER;
+        }
+
+        /* Check if we are already in a logind session, and if so refuse. */
+        r = manager_get_session_by_pidref(m, leader, /* ret_session= */ NULL);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return log_debug_errno(
+                                r,
+                                "Failed to check if process " PID_FMT " is already in a session: %m",
+                                leader->pid);
+        if (r > 0)
+                return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EBUSY), "Client is already in a session.");
+
+        /* Old gdm and lightdm start the user-session on the same VT as the greeter session. But they destroy
+         * the greeter session after the user-session and want the user-session to take over the VT. We need
+         * to support this for backwards-compatibility, so make sure we allow new sessions on a VT that a
+         * greeter is running on. Furthermore, to allow re-logins, we have to allow a greeter to take over a
+         * used VT for the exact same reasons. */
+        if (class != SESSION_GREETER &&
+            vtnr > 0 &&
+            vtnr < MALLOC_ELEMENTSOF(m->seat0->positions) &&
+            m->seat0->positions[vtnr] &&
+            m->seat0->positions[vtnr]->class != SESSION_GREETER)
+                return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EADDRNOTAVAIL), "VT already occupied by a session.");
+
+        if (hashmap_size(m->sessions) >= m->sessions_max)
+                return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EUSERS), "Maximum number of sessions (%" PRIu64 ") reached, refusing further sessions.", m->sessions_max);
+
+        _cleanup_free_ char *id = NULL;
+        r = manager_choose_session_id(m, leader, &id);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
         /* If we are not watching utmp already, try again */
         manager_reconnect_utmp(m);
 
+        User *user = NULL;
+        Session *session = NULL;
+
         r = manager_add_user_by_uid(m, uid, &user);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
@@ -1048,21 +966,21 @@ static int create_session(
                 goto fail;
 
         session_set_user(session, user);
-        r = session_set_leader_consume(session, TAKE_PIDREF(leader));
+        r = session_set_leader_consume(session, TAKE_PIDREF(*leader));
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
 
-        session->original_type = session->type = t;
+        session->original_type = session->type = type;
         session->remote = remote;
         session->vtnr = vtnr;
-        session->class = c;
+        session->class = class;
 
         /* Once the first session that is of a pinning class shows up we'll change the GC mode for the user
          * from USER_GC_BY_ANY to USER_GC_BY_PIN, so that the user goes away once the last pinning session
          * goes away. Background: we want that user@.service – when started manually – remains around (which
          * itself is a non-pinning session), but gets stopped when the last pinning session goes away. */
 
-        if (SESSION_CLASS_PIN_USER(c))
+        if (SESSION_CLASS_PIN_USER(class))
                 user->gc_mode = USER_GC_BY_PIN;
 
         if (!isempty(tty)) {
@@ -1109,14 +1027,184 @@ static int create_session(
                         goto fail;
         }
 
+        *ret_session = session;
+        return 0;
+
+fail:
+        if (session)
+                session_add_to_gc_queue(session);
+
+        if (user)
+                user_add_to_gc_queue(user);
+
+        return r;
+}
+
+static int manager_create_session_by_bus(
+                Manager *m,
+                sd_bus_message *message,
+                sd_bus_error *error,
+                uid_t uid,
+                pid_t leader_pid,
+                int leader_pidfd,
+                const char *service,
+                const char *type,
+                const char *class,
+                const char *desktop,
+                const char *cseat,
+                uint32_t vtnr,
+                const char *tty,
+                const char *display,
+                int remote,
+                const char *remote_user,
+                const char *remote_host,
+                uint64_t flags) {
+
+        int r;
+
+        assert(m);
+        assert(message);
+
+        if (!uid_is_valid(uid))
+                return sd_bus_error_set(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid UID");
+
+        if (flags != 0)
+                return sd_bus_error_set(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Flags must be zero.");
+
+        _cleanup_(pidref_done) PidRef leader = PIDREF_NULL;
+        if (leader_pidfd >= 0)
+                r = pidref_set_pidfd(&leader, leader_pidfd);
+        else if (leader_pid == 0)
+                r = bus_query_sender_pidref(message, &leader);
+        else {
+                if (leader_pid < 0)
+                        return sd_bus_error_set(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Leader PID is not valid");
+
+                r = pidref_set_pid(&leader, leader_pid);
+        }
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        if (leader.pid == 1 || pidref_is_self(&leader))
+                return sd_bus_error_set(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, "Invalid leader PID");
+
+        SessionType t;
+        if (isempty(type))
+                t = _SESSION_TYPE_INVALID;
+        else {
+                t = session_type_from_string(type);
+                if (t < 0)
+                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
+                                                 "Invalid session type %s", type);
+        }
+
+        SessionClass c;
+        if (isempty(class))
+                c = _SESSION_CLASS_INVALID;
+        else {
+                c = session_class_from_string(class);
+                if (c < 0)
+                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
+                                                 "Invalid session class %s", class);
+        }
+
+        if (isempty(desktop))
+                desktop = NULL;
+        else {
+                if (!string_is_safe(desktop))
+                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
+                                                 "Invalid desktop string %s", desktop);
+        }
+
+        Seat *seat = NULL;
+        if (isempty(cseat))
+                seat = NULL;
+        else {
+                seat = hashmap_get(m->seats, cseat);
+                if (!seat)
+                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_NO_SUCH_SEAT,
+                                                 "No seat '%s' known", cseat);
+        }
+
+        if (isempty(tty))
+                tty = NULL;
+        else if (tty_is_vc(tty)) {
+                int v;
+
+                if (!seat)
+                        seat = m->seat0;
+                else if (seat != m->seat0)
+                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
+                                                 "TTY %s is virtual console but seat %s is not seat0", tty, seat->id);
+
+                v = vtnr_from_tty(tty);
+                if (v <= 0)
+                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
+                                                 "Cannot determine VT number from virtual console TTY %s", tty);
+
+                if (vtnr == 0)
+                        vtnr = (uint32_t) v;
+                else if (vtnr != (uint32_t) v)
+                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
+                                                 "Specified TTY and VT number do not match");
+
+        } else if (tty_is_console(tty)) {
+
+                if (!seat)
+                        seat = m->seat0;
+                else if (seat != m->seat0)
+                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
+                                                 "Console TTY specified but seat is not seat0");
+
+                if (vtnr != 0)
+                        return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
+                                                 "Console TTY specified but VT number is not 0");
+        }
+
+        if (seat) {
+                if (seat_has_vts(seat)) {
+                        if (!vtnr_is_valid(vtnr))
+                                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
+                                                         "VT number out of range");
+                } else {
+                        if (vtnr != 0)
+                                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS,
+                                                         "Seat has no VTs but VT number not 0");
+                }
+        }
+
+        Session *session;
+        r = manager_create_session(
+                        m,
+                        uid,
+                        &leader,
+                        service,
+                        t,
+                        c,
+                        desktop,
+                        seat,
+                        vtnr,
+                        tty,
+                        display,
+                        remote,
+                        remote_user,
+                        remote_host,
+                        &session);
+        if (r == -EBUSY)
+                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, BUS_ERROR_SESSION_BUSY, "Already running in a session or user slice");
+        if (r == -EADDRNOTAVAIL)
+                return sd_bus_error_set(error, BUS_ERROR_SESSION_BUSY, "Virtual terminal already occupied by a session");
+        if (r == -EUSERS)
+                return sd_bus_error_setf(error, SD_BUS_ERROR_LIMITS_EXCEEDED, "Maximum number of sessions (%" PRIu64 ") reached, refusing further sessions.", m->sessions_max);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
         r = sd_bus_message_enter_container(message, 'a', "(sv)");
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
-
         r = session_start(session, message, error);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
-
         r = sd_bus_message_exit_container(message);
         if (r < 0)
                 goto fail;
@@ -1130,7 +1218,7 @@ static int create_session(
          * all is complete - or wait again. */
         r = session_send_create_reply(session, /* error= */ NULL);
         if (r < 0)
-                return r;
+                goto fail;
 
         return 1;
 
@@ -1138,9 +1226,6 @@ fail:
         if (session)
                 session_add_to_gc_queue(session);
 
-        if (user)
-                user_add_to_gc_queue(user);
-
         return r;
 }
 
@@ -1175,9 +1260,9 @@ static int method_create_session(sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        return create_session(
+        return manager_create_session_by_bus(
-                        message,
                         userdata,
+                        message,
                         error,
                         uid,
                         leader_pid,
@@ -1223,9 +1308,9 @@ static int method_create_session_pidfd(sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata,
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        return create_session(
+        return manager_create_session_by_bus(
-                        message,
                         userdata,
+                        message,
                         error,
                         uid,
                         /* leader_pid = */ 0,

src/login/logind-dbus.h

@@ -47,4 +47,21 @@ int manager_job_is_active(Manager *manager, const char *path, sd_bus_error *erro
 
 void manager_load_scheduled_shutdown(Manager *m);
 
+int manager_create_session(
+                Manager *m,
+                uid_t uid,
+                PidRef *leader,
+                const char *service,
+                SessionType type,
+                SessionClass class,
+                const char *desktop,
+                Seat *seat,
+                unsigned vtnr,
+                const char *tty,
+                const char *display,
+                bool remote,
+                const char *remote_user,
+                const char *remote_host,
+                Session **ret_session);
+
 extern const BusObjectImplementation manager_object;

src/login/logind-session-dbus.c

@@ -899,62 +899,40 @@ int session_send_lock_all(Manager *m, bool lock) {
         return r;
 }
 
-static bool session_job_pending(Session *s) {
+int session_send_create_reply_bus(Session *s, const sd_bus_error *error) {
-        assert(s);
-        assert(s->user);
-
-        /* Check if we have some jobs enqueued and not finished yet. Each time we get JobRemoved signal about
-         * relevant units, session_send_create_reply and hence us is called (see match_job_removed).
-         * Note that we don't care about job result here. */
-
-        return s->scope_job ||
-               s->user->runtime_dir_job ||
-               (SESSION_CLASS_WANTS_SERVICE_MANAGER(s->class) && s->user->service_manager_job);
-}
-
-int session_send_create_reply(Session *s, sd_bus_error *error) {
-        _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *c = NULL;
-        _cleanup_close_ int fifo_fd = -EBADF;
-        _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
-
         assert(s);
 
-        /* This is called after the session scope and the user service were successfully created, and finishes where
+        /* This is called after the session scope and the user service were successfully created, and
-         * bus_manager_create_session() left off. */
+         * finishes where manager_create_session() left off. */
 
-        if (!s->create_message)
+        _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *c = TAKE_PTR(s->create_message);
+        if (!c)
                 return 0;
 
-        /* If error occurred, return it immediately. Otherwise let's wait for all jobs to finish before
+        if (sd_bus_error_is_set(error))
-         * continuing. */
-        if (!sd_bus_error_is_set(error) && session_job_pending(s))
-                return 0;
-
-        c = TAKE_PTR(s->create_message);
-        if (error)
                 return sd_bus_reply_method_error(c, error);
 
-        fifo_fd = session_create_fifo(s);
+        _cleanup_close_ int fifo_fd = session_create_fifo(s);
         if (fifo_fd < 0)
                 return fifo_fd;
 
         /* Update the session state file before we notify the client about the result. */
         session_save(s);
 
-        p = session_bus_path(s);
+        _cleanup_free_ char *p = session_bus_path(s);
         if (!p)
                 return -ENOMEM;
 
-        log_debug("Sending reply about created session: "
+        log_debug("Sending D-Bus reply about created session: "
-                  "id=%s object_path=%s uid=%u runtime_path=%s "
+                  "id=%s object_path=%s uid=" UID_FMT " runtime_path=%s "
                   "session_fd=%d seat=%s vtnr=%u",
                   s->id,
                   p,
-                  (uint32_t) s->user->user_record->uid,
+                  s->user->user_record->uid,
                   s->user->runtime_path,
                   fifo_fd,
                   s->seat ? s->seat->id : "",
-                  (uint32_t) s->vtnr);
+                  s->vtnr);
 
         return sd_bus_reply_method_return(
                         c, "soshusub",
@@ -968,7 +946,7 @@ int session_send_create_reply(Session *s, sd_bus_error *error) {
                         false);
 }
 
-int session_send_upgrade_reply(Session *s, sd_bus_error *error) {
+int session_send_upgrade_reply(Session *s, const sd_bus_error *error) {
         _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *c = NULL;
         assert(s);
 

src/login/logind-session-dbus.h

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ int session_send_changed(Session *s, const char *properties, ...) _sentinel_;
 int session_send_lock(Session *s, bool lock);
 int session_send_lock_all(Manager *m, bool lock);
 
-int session_send_create_reply(Session *s, sd_bus_error *error);
+int session_send_create_reply_bus(Session *s, const sd_bus_error *error);
-int session_send_upgrade_reply(Session *s, sd_bus_error *error);
+int session_send_upgrade_reply(Session *s, const sd_bus_error *error);
 
 int bus_session_method_activate(sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error);
 int bus_session_method_lock(sd_bus_message *message, void *userdata, sd_bus_error *error);

src/login/logind-session.c

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "logind-session-dbus.h"
 #include "logind-session.h"
 #include "logind-user-dbus.h"
+#include "logind-varlink.h"
 #include "mkdir-label.h"
 #include "parse-util.h"
 #include "path-util.h"
@@ -192,6 +193,8 @@ Session* session_free(Session *s) {
         sd_bus_message_unref(s->create_message);
         sd_bus_message_unref(s->upgrade_message);
 
+        sd_varlink_unref(s->create_link);
+
         free(s->tty);
         free(s->display);
         free(s->remote_host);
@@ -1648,6 +1651,35 @@ void session_drop_controller(Session *s) {
         session_restore_vt(s);
 }
 
+bool session_job_pending(Session *s) {
+        assert(s);
+        assert(s->user);
+
+        /* Check if we have some jobs enqueued and not finished yet. Each time we get JobRemoved signal about
+         * relevant units, session_send_create_reply and hence us is called (see match_job_removed).
+         * Note that we don't care about job result here. */
+
+        return s->scope_job ||
+               s->user->runtime_dir_job ||
+               (SESSION_CLASS_WANTS_SERVICE_MANAGER(s->class) && s->user->service_manager_job);
+}
+
+int session_send_create_reply(Session *s, const sd_bus_error *error) {
+        int r;
+
+        assert(s);
+
+        /* If error occurred, return it immediately. Otherwise let's wait for all jobs to finish before
+         * continuing. */
+        if (!sd_bus_error_is_set(error) && session_job_pending(s))
+                return 0;
+
+        r = 0;
+        RET_GATHER(r, session_send_create_reply_bus(s, error));
+        RET_GATHER(r, session_send_create_reply_varlink(s, error));
+        return r;
+}
+
 static const char* const session_state_table[_SESSION_STATE_MAX] = {
         [SESSION_OPENING] = "opening",
         [SESSION_ONLINE]  = "online",

src/login/logind-session.h

@@ -150,6 +150,8 @@ struct Session {
         sd_bus_message *create_message;   /* The D-Bus message used to create the session, which we haven't responded to yet */
         sd_bus_message *upgrade_message;  /* The D-Bus message used to upgrade the session class user-incomplete → user, which we haven't responded to yet */
 
+        sd_varlink *create_link; /* The Varlink connection used to create session, which we haven't responded to yet */
+
         /* Set up when a client requested to release the session via the bus */
         sd_event_source *timer_event_source;
 
@@ -216,6 +218,10 @@ bool session_is_controller(Session *s, const char *sender);
 int session_set_controller(Session *s, const char *sender, bool force, bool prepare);
 void session_drop_controller(Session *s);
 
+bool session_job_pending(Session *s);
+
+int session_send_create_reply(Session *s, const sd_bus_error *error);
+
 static inline bool SESSION_IS_SELF(const char *name) {
         return isempty(name) || streq(name, "self");
 }

src/login/logind-varlink.c

@@ -0,0 +1,383 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
+
+#include "cgroup-util.h"
+#include "fd-util.h"
+#include "json-util.h"
+#include "logind.h"
+#include "logind-dbus.h"
+#include "logind-session-dbus.h"
+#include "logind-varlink.h"
+#include "terminal-util.h"
+#include "user-util.h"
+#include "varlink-io.systemd.Login.h"
+#include "varlink-util.h"
+
+static int manager_varlink_get_session_by_peer(
+                Manager *m,
+                sd_varlink *link,
+                bool consult_display,
+                Session **ret) {
+
+        int r;
+
+        assert(m);
+        assert(link);
+        assert(ret);
+
+        /* Determines the session of the peer. If the peer is not part of a session, but consult_display is
+         * true, then will return the display session of the peer's owning user */
+
+        _cleanup_(pidref_done) PidRef pidref = PIDREF_NULL;
+        r = varlink_get_peer_pidref(link, &pidref);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to acquire peer PID: %m");
+
+        Session *session = NULL;
+        _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL;
+        r = cg_pidref_get_session(&pidref, &name);
+        if (r < 0) {
+                if (!consult_display)
+                        log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to acquire session of peer, giving up: %m");
+                else {
+                        log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to acquire session of peer, trying to find owner UID: %m");
+
+                        uid_t uid;
+                        r = cg_pidref_get_owner_uid(&pidref, &uid);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to acquire owning UID of peer, giving up: %m");
+                        else {
+                                User *user = hashmap_get(m->users, UID_TO_PTR(uid));
+                                if (user)
+                                        session = user->display;
+                         }
+                }
+        } else
+                session = hashmap_get(m->sessions, name);
+
+        if (!session)
+                return sd_varlink_error(link, "io.systemd.Login.NoSuchSession", /* parameters= */ NULL);
+
+        *ret = session;
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int manager_varlink_get_session_by_name(
+                Manager *m,
+                sd_varlink *link,
+                const char *name,
+                Session **ret) {
+
+        assert(m);
+        assert(link);
+        assert(ret);
+
+        /* Resolves a session name to a session object. Supports resolving the special names "self" and "auto". */
+
+        if (SESSION_IS_SELF(name))
+                return manager_varlink_get_session_by_peer(m, link, /* consult_display= */ false, ret);
+        if (SESSION_IS_AUTO(name))
+                return manager_varlink_get_session_by_peer(m, link, /* consult_display= */ true, ret);
+
+        Session *session = hashmap_get(m->sessions, name);
+        if (!session)
+                return sd_varlink_error(link, "io.systemd.Login.NoSuchSession", /* parameters= */ NULL);
+
+        *ret = session;
+        return 0;
+}
+
+int session_send_create_reply_varlink(Session *s, const sd_bus_error *error) {
+        assert(s);
+
+        /* This is called after the session scope and the user service were successfully created, and
+         * finishes where manager_create_session() left off. */
+
+        _cleanup_(sd_varlink_unrefp) sd_varlink *vl = TAKE_PTR(s->create_link);
+        if (!vl)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (sd_bus_error_is_set(error))
+                return sd_varlink_error(vl, "io.systemd.Login.UnitAllocationFailed", /* parameters= */ NULL);
+
+        _cleanup_close_ int fifo_fd = session_create_fifo(s);
+        if (fifo_fd < 0)
+                return fifo_fd;
+
+        /* Update the session state file before we notify the client about the result. */
+        session_save(s);
+
+        log_debug("Sending Varlink reply about created session: "
+                  "id=%s uid=" UID_FMT " runtime_path=%s "
+                  "session_fd=%d seat=%s vtnr=%u",
+                  s->id,
+                  s->user->user_record->uid,
+                  s->user->runtime_path,
+                  fifo_fd,
+                  s->seat ? s->seat->id : "",
+                  s->vtnr);
+
+        int fifo_fd_idx = sd_varlink_push_fd(vl, fifo_fd);
+        if (fifo_fd_idx < 0) {
+                log_error_errno(fifo_fd_idx, "Failed to push FIFO fd to Varlink: %m");
+                return sd_varlink_error_errno(vl, fifo_fd_idx);
+        }
+
+        TAKE_FD(fifo_fd);
+
+        return sd_varlink_replybo(
+                        vl,
+                        SD_JSON_BUILD_PAIR_STRING("Id", s->id),
+                        SD_JSON_BUILD_PAIR_STRING("RuntimePath", s->user->runtime_path),
+                        SD_JSON_BUILD_PAIR_UNSIGNED("SessionFileDescriptor", fifo_fd_idx),
+                        SD_JSON_BUILD_PAIR_UNSIGNED("UID", s->user->user_record->uid),
+                        SD_JSON_BUILD_PAIR_CONDITION(!!s->seat, "Seat", SD_JSON_BUILD_STRING(s->seat ? s->seat->id : NULL)),
+                        SD_JSON_BUILD_PAIR_CONDITION(s->vtnr > 0, "VTNr", SD_JSON_BUILD_UNSIGNED(s->vtnr)));
+}
+
+static JSON_DISPATCH_ENUM_DEFINE(json_dispatch_session_class, SessionClass, session_class_from_string);
+static JSON_DISPATCH_ENUM_DEFINE(json_dispatch_session_type, SessionType, session_type_from_string);
+
+typedef struct CreateSessionParameters {
+        uid_t uid;
+        PidRef pid;
+        const char *service;
+        SessionType type;
+        SessionClass class;
+        const char *desktop;
+        const char *seat;
+        unsigned vtnr;
+        const char *tty;
+        const char *display;
+        int remote;
+        const char *remote_user;
+        const char *remote_host;
+} CreateSessionParameters;
+
+static void create_session_parameters_done(CreateSessionParameters *p) {
+        pidref_done(&p->pid);
+}
+
+static int vl_method_create_session(sd_varlink *link, sd_json_variant *parameters, sd_varlink_method_flags_t flags, void *userdata) {
+        Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
+        int r;
+
+        static const sd_json_dispatch_field dispatch_table[] = {
+                { "UID",        _SD_JSON_VARIANT_TYPE_INVALID, sd_json_dispatch_uid_gid,      offsetof(CreateSessionParameters, uid),         SD_JSON_MANDATORY },
+                { "PID",        _SD_JSON_VARIANT_TYPE_INVALID, json_dispatch_pidref,          offsetof(CreateSessionParameters, pid),         SD_JSON_RELAX     },
+                { "Service",    SD_JSON_VARIANT_STRING,        sd_json_dispatch_const_string, offsetof(CreateSessionParameters, service),     0                 },
+                { "Type",       SD_JSON_VARIANT_STRING,        json_dispatch_session_type,    offsetof(CreateSessionParameters, type),        SD_JSON_MANDATORY },
+                { "Class",      SD_JSON_VARIANT_STRING,        json_dispatch_session_class,   offsetof(CreateSessionParameters, class),       SD_JSON_MANDATORY },
+                { "Desktop",    SD_JSON_VARIANT_STRING,        sd_json_dispatch_const_string, offsetof(CreateSessionParameters, desktop),     SD_JSON_STRICT    },
+                { "Seat",       SD_JSON_VARIANT_STRING,        sd_json_dispatch_const_string, offsetof(CreateSessionParameters, seat),        0                 },
+                { "VTNr",       _SD_JSON_VARIANT_TYPE_INVALID, sd_json_dispatch_uint,         offsetof(CreateSessionParameters, vtnr),        0                 },
+                { "TTY",        SD_JSON_VARIANT_STRING,        sd_json_dispatch_const_string, offsetof(CreateSessionParameters, tty),         0                 },
+                { "Display",    SD_JSON_VARIANT_STRING,        sd_json_dispatch_const_string, offsetof(CreateSessionParameters, display),     0                 },
+                { "Remote",     SD_JSON_VARIANT_BOOLEAN,       sd_json_dispatch_tristate,     offsetof(CreateSessionParameters, remote),      0                 },
+                { "RemoteUser", SD_JSON_VARIANT_STRING,        sd_json_dispatch_const_string, offsetof(CreateSessionParameters, remote_user), 0                 },
+                { "RemoteHost", SD_JSON_VARIANT_STRING,        sd_json_dispatch_const_string, offsetof(CreateSessionParameters, remote_host), 0                 },
+                {}
+        };
+
+        _cleanup_(create_session_parameters_done) CreateSessionParameters p = {
+                .uid = UID_INVALID,
+                .pid = PIDREF_NULL,
+                .class = _SESSION_CLASS_INVALID,
+                .type = _SESSION_TYPE_INVALID,
+                .remote = -1,
+        };
+
+        r = sd_varlink_dispatch(link, parameters, dispatch_table, &p);
+        if (r != 0)
+                return r;
+
+        Seat *seat = NULL;
+        if (p.seat) {
+                seat = hashmap_get(m->seats, p.seat);
+                if (!seat)
+                        return sd_varlink_replyb(link, "io.systemd.Login.NoSuchSeat", /* parameters= */ NULL);
+        }
+
+        if (p.tty) {
+                if (tty_is_vc(p.tty)) {
+                        if (!seat)
+                                seat = m->seat0;
+                        else if (seat != m->seat0)
+                                return sd_varlink_error_invalid_parameter_name(link, "Seat");
+
+                        int v = vtnr_from_tty(p.tty);
+                        if (v <= 0)
+                                return sd_varlink_error_invalid_parameter_name(link, "TTY");
+
+                        if (p.vtnr == 0)
+                                p.vtnr = v;
+                        else if (p.vtnr != (unsigned) v)
+                                return sd_varlink_error_invalid_parameter_name(link, "VTNr");
+
+                } else if (tty_is_console(p.tty)) {
+                        if (!seat)
+                                seat = m->seat0;
+                        else if (seat != m->seat0)
+                                return sd_varlink_error_invalid_parameter_name(link, "Seat");
+
+                        if (p.vtnr != 0)
+                                return sd_varlink_error_invalid_parameter_name(link, "VTNr");
+                }
+        }
+
+        if (seat) {
+                if (seat_has_vts(seat)) {
+                        if (!vtnr_is_valid(p.vtnr))
+                                return sd_varlink_error_invalid_parameter_name(link, "VTNr");
+                } else {
+                        if (p.vtnr != 0)
+                                return sd_varlink_error_invalid_parameter_name(link, "VTNr");
+                }
+        }
+
+        if (p.remote < 0)
+                p.remote = p.remote_user || p.remote_host;
+
+        /* Before we continue processing this, let's ensure the peer is privileged */
+        uid_t peer_uid;
+        r = sd_varlink_get_peer_uid(link, &peer_uid);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to get peer UID: %m");
+        if (peer_uid != 0)
+                return sd_varlink_error(link, SD_VARLINK_ERROR_PERMISSION_DENIED, /* parameters= */ NULL);
+
+        if (!pidref_is_set(&p.pid)) {
+                r = varlink_get_peer_pidref(link, &p.pid);
+                if (r < 0)
+                        return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to get peer pidref: %m");
+        }
+
+        Session *session;
+        r = manager_create_session(
+                        m,
+                        p.uid,
+                        &p.pid,
+                        p.service,
+                        p.type,
+                        p.class,
+                        p.desktop,
+                        seat,
+                        p.vtnr,
+                        p.tty,
+                        p.display,
+                        p.remote,
+                        p.remote_user,
+                        p.remote_host,
+                        &session);
+        if (r == -EBUSY)
+                return sd_varlink_error(link, "io.systemd.Login.AlreadySessionMember", /* parameters= */ NULL);
+        if (r == -EADDRNOTAVAIL)
+                return sd_varlink_error(link, "io.systemd.Login.VirtualTerminalAlreadyTaken", /* parameters= */ NULL);
+        if (r == -EUSERS)
+                return sd_varlink_error(link, "io.systemd.Login.TooManySessions", /* parameters= */ NULL);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        r = session_start(session, /* properties= */ NULL, /* error= */ NULL);
+        if (r < 0)
+                goto fail;
+
+        session->create_link = sd_varlink_ref(link);
+
+        /* Let's check if this is complete now */
+        r = session_send_create_reply(session, /* error= */ NULL);
+        if (r < 0)
+                goto fail;
+
+        return 1;
+
+fail:
+        if (session)
+                session_add_to_gc_queue(session);
+
+        return r;
+}
+
+static int vl_method_release_session(sd_varlink *link, sd_json_variant *parameters, sd_varlink_method_flags_t flags, void *userdata) {
+        Manager *m = ASSERT_PTR(userdata);
+        int r;
+
+        struct {
+                const char *id;
+        } p;
+
+        static const sd_json_dispatch_field dispatch_table[] = {
+                { "Id", SD_JSON_VARIANT_STRING, sd_json_dispatch_const_string, voffsetof(p, id), SD_JSON_MANDATORY },
+                {}
+        };
+
+        r = sd_varlink_dispatch(link, parameters, dispatch_table, &p);
+        if (r != 0)
+                return r;
+
+        Session *session;
+        r = manager_varlink_get_session_by_name(m, link, p.id, &session);
+        if (r != 0)
+                return r;
+
+        Session *peer_session;
+        r = manager_varlink_get_session_by_peer(m, link, /* consult_display= */ false, &peer_session);
+        if (r != 0)
+                return r;
+
+        if (session != peer_session)
+                return sd_varlink_error(link, SD_VARLINK_ERROR_PERMISSION_DENIED, /* parameters= */ NULL);
+
+        r = session_release(session);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        return sd_varlink_replyb(link, SD_JSON_BUILD_EMPTY_OBJECT);
+}
+
+int manager_varlink_init(Manager *m) {
+        _cleanup_(sd_varlink_server_unrefp) sd_varlink_server *s = NULL;
+        int r;
+
+        assert(m);
+
+        if (m->varlink_server)
+                return 0;
+
+        r = sd_varlink_server_new(
+                        &s,
+                        SD_VARLINK_SERVER_ACCOUNT_UID|
+                        SD_VARLINK_SERVER_INHERIT_USERDATA|
+                        SD_VARLINK_SERVER_ALLOW_FD_PASSING_OUTPUT);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to allocate varlink server object: %m");
+
+        sd_varlink_server_set_userdata(s, m);
+
+        r = sd_varlink_server_add_interface(s, &vl_interface_io_systemd_Login);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add Login interface to varlink server: %m");
+
+        r = sd_varlink_server_bind_method_many(
+                        s,
+                        "io.systemd.Login.CreateSession",  vl_method_create_session,
+                        "io.systemd.Login.ReleaseSession", vl_method_release_session);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to register varlink methods: %m");
+
+        r = sd_varlink_server_listen_address(s, "/run/systemd/io.systemd.Login", 0666);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to bind to varlink socket: %m");
+
+        r = sd_varlink_server_attach_event(s, m->event, SD_EVENT_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to attach varlink connection to event loop: %m");
+
+        m->varlink_server = TAKE_PTR(s);
+        return 0;
+}
+
+void manager_varlink_done(Manager *m) {
+        assert(m);
+
+        m->varlink_server = sd_varlink_server_unref(m->varlink_server);
+}

src/login/logind-varlink.h

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
+#pragma once
+
+#include "sd-bus.h"
+
+#include "logind.h"
+#include "logind-session.h"
+
+int manager_varlink_init(Manager *m);
+void manager_varlink_done(Manager *m);
+
+int session_send_create_reply_varlink(Session *s, const sd_bus_error *error);

src/login/logind.c

@@ -24,11 +24,12 @@
 #include "fd-util.h"
 #include "format-util.h"
 #include "fs-util.h"
+#include "logind.h"
 #include "logind-dbus.h"
 #include "logind-seat-dbus.h"
 #include "logind-session-dbus.h"
 #include "logind-user-dbus.h"
-#include "logind.h"
+#include "logind-varlink.h"
 #include "main-func.h"
 #include "mkdir-label.h"
 #include "parse-util.h"
@@ -153,6 +154,8 @@ static Manager* manager_free(Manager *m) {
 
         hashmap_free(m->polkit_registry);
 
+        manager_varlink_done(m);
+
         sd_bus_flush_close_unref(m->bus);
         sd_event_unref(m->event);
 
@@ -1114,6 +1117,10 @@ static int manager_startup(Manager *m) {
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
+        r = manager_varlink_init(m);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
         /* Instantiate magic seat 0 */
         r = manager_add_seat(m, "seat0", &m->seat0);
         if (r < 0)

src/login/logind.h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "sd-bus.h"
 #include "sd-device.h"
 #include "sd-event.h"
+#include "sd-varlink.h"
 
 #include "calendarspec.h"
 #include "conf-parser.h"
@@ -145,6 +146,8 @@ struct Manager {
         struct stat efi_loader_entry_one_shot_stat;
 
         CalendarSpec *maintenance_time;
+
+        sd_varlink_server *varlink_server;
 };
 
 void manager_reset_config(Manager *m);

src/login/meson.build

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ liblogind_core_sources = files(
         'logind-session.c',
         'logind-user-dbus.c',
         'logind-user.c',
+        'logind-varlink.c',
         'logind-wall.c',
 )
 

src/login/pam_systemd.c

@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
+#include "sd-bus.h"
+#include "sd-varlink.h"
+
 #include "alloc-util.h"
 #include "audit-util.h"
 #include "bus-common-errors.h"
@@ -35,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "format-util.h"
 #include "fs-util.h"
 #include "hostname-util.h"
+#include "json-util.h"
 #include "locale-util.h"
 #include "login-util.h"
 #include "macro.h"
@@ -390,116 +394,108 @@ static int export_legacy_dbus_address(
 }
 
 static int append_session_memory_max(pam_handle_t *handle, sd_bus_message *m, const char *limit) {
-        uint64_t val;
         int r;
 
+        assert(handle);
+        assert(m);
+
         if (isempty(limit))
-                return PAM_SUCCESS;
+                return 0;
 
-        if (streq(limit, "infinity")) {
+        if (streq(limit, "infinity"))
-                r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "MemoryMax", "t", UINT64_MAX);
+                return sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "MemoryMax", "t", UINT64_MAX);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return pam_bus_log_create_error(handle, r);
-
-                return PAM_SUCCESS;
-        }
 
         r = parse_permyriad(limit);
-        if (r >= 0) {
+        if (r < 0) {
-                r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "MemoryMaxScale", "u", UINT32_SCALE_FROM_PERMYRIAD(r));
+                uint64_t val;
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return pam_bus_log_create_error(handle, r);
-
-                return PAM_SUCCESS;
-        }
-
                 r = parse_size(limit, 1024, &val);
-        if (r >= 0) {
+                if (r < 0) {
-                r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "MemoryMax", "t", val);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return pam_bus_log_create_error(handle, r);
-
-                return PAM_SUCCESS;
-        }
-
                         pam_syslog(handle, LOG_WARNING, "Failed to parse systemd.memory_max, ignoring: %s", limit);
                         return PAM_SUCCESS;
                 }
 
+                return sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "MemoryMax", "t", val);
+        }
+
+        return sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "MemoryMaxScale", "u", UINT32_SCALE_FROM_PERMYRIAD(r));
+}
+
 static int append_session_runtime_max_sec(pam_handle_t *handle, sd_bus_message *m, const char *limit) {
-        usec_t val;
         int r;
 
+        assert(handle);
+        assert(m);
+
         /* No need to parse "infinity" here, it will be set by default later in scope_init() */
         if (isempty(limit) || streq(limit, "infinity"))
-                return PAM_SUCCESS;
+                return 0;
 
+        usec_t val;
         r = parse_sec(limit, &val);
-        if (r >= 0) {
+        if (r < 0) {
-                r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "RuntimeMaxUSec", "t", (uint64_t) val);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return pam_bus_log_create_error(handle, r);
-        } else
                 pam_syslog(handle, LOG_WARNING, "Failed to parse systemd.runtime_max_sec: %s, ignoring.", limit);
+                return 0;
+        }
 
-        return PAM_SUCCESS;
+        return sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "RuntimeMaxUSec", "t", (uint64_t) val);
 }
 
 static int append_session_tasks_max(pam_handle_t *handle, sd_bus_message *m, const char *limit) {
-        uint64_t val;
         int r;
 
+        assert(handle);
+        assert(m);
+
         /* No need to parse "infinity" here, it will be set unconditionally later in manager_start_scope() */
         if (isempty(limit) || streq(limit, "infinity"))
-                return PAM_SUCCESS;
+                return 0;
 
+        uint64_t val;
         r = safe_atou64(limit, &val);
-        if (r >= 0) {
+        if (r < 0) {
-                r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "TasksMax", "t", val);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return pam_bus_log_create_error(handle, r);
-        } else
                 pam_syslog(handle, LOG_WARNING, "Failed to parse systemd.tasks_max, ignoring: %s", limit);
+                return 0;
+        }
 
-        return PAM_SUCCESS;
+        return sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "TasksMax", "t", val);
 }
 
 static int append_session_cpu_weight(pam_handle_t *handle, sd_bus_message *m, const char *limit) {
-        uint64_t val;
         int r;
 
-        if (isempty(limit))
+        assert(handle);
-                return PAM_SUCCESS;
+        assert(m);
 
+        if (isempty(limit))
+                return 0;
+
+        uint64_t val;
         r = cg_cpu_weight_parse(limit, &val);
-        if (r < 0)
+        if (r < 0) {
                 pam_syslog(handle, LOG_WARNING, "Failed to parse systemd.cpu_weight, ignoring: %s", limit);
-        else {
+                return 0;
-                r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "CPUWeight", "t", val);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return pam_bus_log_create_error(handle, r);
         }
 
-        return PAM_SUCCESS;
+        return sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "CPUWeight", "t", val);
 }
 
 static int append_session_io_weight(pam_handle_t *handle, sd_bus_message *m, const char *limit) {
-        uint64_t val;
         int r;
 
-        if (isempty(limit))
+        assert(handle);
-                return PAM_SUCCESS;
+        assert(m);
 
+        if (isempty(limit))
+                return 0;
+
+        uint64_t val;
         r = cg_weight_parse(limit, &val);
-        if (r < 0)
+        if (r < 0) {
                 pam_syslog(handle, LOG_WARNING, "Failed to parse systemd.io_weight, ignoring: %s", limit);
-        else {
+                return 0;
-                r = sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "IOWeight", "t", val);
-                if (r < 0)
-                        return pam_bus_log_create_error(handle, r);
         }
 
-        return PAM_SUCCESS;
+        return sd_bus_message_append(m, "(sv)", "IOWeight", "t", val);
 }
 
 static const char* getenv_harder(pam_handle_t *handle, const char *key, const char *fallback) {
@@ -549,6 +545,26 @@ static bool getenv_harder_bool(pam_handle_t *handle, const char *key, bool fallb
         return r;
 }
 
+static uint32_t getenv_harder_uint32(pam_handle_t *handle, const char *key, uint32_t fallback) {
+        int r;
+
+        assert(handle);
+        assert(key);
+
+        const char *v = getenv_harder(handle, key, NULL);
+        if (isempty(v))
+                return fallback;
+
+        uint32_t u;
+        r = safe_atou32(v, &u);
+        if (r < 0) {
+                pam_syslog(handle, LOG_ERR, "Unsigned integer environment variable value of '%s' is not valid: %s", key, v);
+                return fallback;
+        }
+
+        return u;
+}
+
 static int update_environment(pam_handle_t *handle, const char *key, const char *value) {
         int r;
 
@@ -826,17 +842,15 @@ static uint64_t pick_default_capability_ambient_set(
 }
 
 typedef struct SessionContext {
-        const uid_t uid;
-        const pid_t pid;
         const char *service;
         const char *type;
         const char *class;
         const char *desktop;
         const char *seat;
-        const uint32_t vtnr;
+        uint32_t vtnr;
         const char *tty;
         const char *display;
-        const bool remote;
+        bool remote;
         const char *remote_user;
         const char *remote_host;
         const char *memory_max;
@@ -844,11 +858,13 @@ typedef struct SessionContext {
         const char *cpu_weight;
         const char *io_weight;
         const char *runtime_max_sec;
+        bool incomplete;
 } SessionContext;
 
 static int create_session_message(
                 sd_bus *bus,
                 pam_handle_t *handle,
+                UserRecord *ur,
                 const SessionContext *context,
                 bool avoid_pidfd,
                 sd_bus_message **ret) {
@@ -859,6 +875,7 @@ static int create_session_message(
 
         assert(bus);
         assert(handle);
+        assert(ur);
         assert(context);
         assert(ret);
 
@@ -872,10 +889,11 @@ static int create_session_message(
         if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
-        r = sd_bus_message_append(m,
+        r = sd_bus_message_append(
+                        m,
                         pidfd >= 0 ? "uhsssssussbss" : "uusssssussbss",
-                                  (uint32_t) context->uid,
+                        (uint32_t) ur->uid,
-                                  pidfd >= 0 ? pidfd : context->pid,
+                        pidfd >= 0 ? pidfd : 0,
                         context->service,
                         context->type,
                         context->class,
@@ -901,23 +919,23 @@ static int create_session_message(
                 return r;
 
         r = append_session_memory_max(handle, m, context->memory_max);
-        if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
+        if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
         r = append_session_runtime_max_sec(handle, m, context->runtime_max_sec);
-        if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
+        if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
         r = append_session_tasks_max(handle, m, context->tasks_max);
-        if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
+        if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
         r = append_session_cpu_weight(handle, m, context->cpu_weight);
-        if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
+        if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
         r = append_session_io_weight(handle, m, context->io_weight);
-        if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
+        if (r < 0)
                 return r;
 
         r = sd_bus_message_close_container(m);
@@ -928,211 +946,260 @@ static int create_session_message(
         return 0;
 }
 
-_public_ PAM_EXTERN int pam_sm_open_session(
+static void session_context_mangle(
                 pam_handle_t *handle,
-                int flags,
+                SessionContext *c,
-                int argc, const char **argv) {
+                UserRecord *ur,
-
+                bool debug) {
-        /* Let's release the D-Bus connection once this function exits, after all the session might live
-         * quite a long time, and we are not going to process the bus connection in that time, so let's
-         * better close before the daemon kicks us off because we are not processing anything. */
-        _cleanup_(pam_bus_data_disconnectp) PamBusData *d = NULL;
-        _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
-        _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *m = NULL, *reply = NULL;
-        const char
-                *id, *object_path, *runtime_path,
-                *service = NULL,
-                *tty = NULL, *display = NULL,
-                *remote_user = NULL, *remote_host = NULL,
-                *seat = NULL,
-                *type = NULL, *class = NULL,
-                *class_pam = NULL, *type_pam = NULL, *cvtnr = NULL, *desktop = NULL, *desktop_pam = NULL,
-                *memory_max = NULL, *tasks_max = NULL, *cpu_weight = NULL, *io_weight = NULL, *runtime_max_sec = NULL;
-        uint64_t default_capability_bounding_set = UINT64_MAX, default_capability_ambient_set = UINT64_MAX;
-        _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
-        _cleanup_(user_record_unrefp) UserRecord *ur = NULL;
-        int session_fd = -EBADF, existing, r;
-        bool debug = false, remote, incomplete;
-        uint32_t vtnr = 0;
-        uid_t original_uid;
 
         assert(handle);
+        assert(c);
+        assert(ur);
 
-        pam_log_setup();
+        if (streq_ptr(c->service, "systemd-user")) {
-
-        if (parse_argv(handle,
-                       argc, argv,
-                       &class_pam,
-                       &type_pam,
-                       &desktop_pam,
-                       &debug,
-                       &default_capability_bounding_set,
-                       &default_capability_ambient_set) < 0)
-                return PAM_SESSION_ERR;
-
-        pam_debug_syslog(handle, debug, "pam-systemd initializing");
-
-        r = acquire_user_record(handle, &ur);
-        if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
-                return r;
-
-        /* Make most of this a NOP on non-logind systems */
-        if (!logind_running())
-                goto success;
-
-        r = pam_get_item_many(
-                        handle,
-                        PAM_SERVICE, &service,
-                        PAM_XDISPLAY, &display,
-                        PAM_TTY, &tty,
-                        PAM_RUSER, &remote_user,
-                        PAM_RHOST, &remote_host);
-        if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
-                return pam_syslog_pam_error(handle, LOG_ERR, r, "Failed to get PAM items: @PAMERR@");
-
-        seat = getenv_harder(handle, "XDG_SEAT", NULL);
-        cvtnr = getenv_harder(handle, "XDG_VTNR", NULL);
-        type = getenv_harder(handle, "XDG_SESSION_TYPE", type_pam);
-        class = getenv_harder(handle, "XDG_SESSION_CLASS", class_pam);
-        desktop = getenv_harder(handle, "XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP", desktop_pam);
-        incomplete = getenv_harder_bool(handle, "XDG_SESSION_INCOMPLETE", false);
-
-        if (streq_ptr(service, "systemd-user")) {
                 /* If we detect that we are running in the "systemd-user" PAM stack, then let's patch the class to
                  * 'manager' if not set, simply for robustness reasons. */
-                type = "unspecified";
+                c->type = "unspecified";
-                class = IN_SET(user_record_disposition(ur), USER_INTRINSIC, USER_SYSTEM, USER_DYNAMIC) ?
+                c->class = IN_SET(user_record_disposition(ur), USER_INTRINSIC, USER_SYSTEM, USER_DYNAMIC) ?
                         "manager-early" : "manager";
-                tty = NULL;
+                c->tty = NULL;
 
-        } else if (tty && strchr(tty, ':')) {
+        } else if (c->tty && strchr(c->tty, ':')) {
                 /* A tty with a colon is usually an X11 display, placed there to show up in utmp. We rearrange things
                  * and don't pretend that an X display was a tty. */
-                if (isempty(display))
+                if (isempty(c->display))
-                        display = tty;
+                        c->display = c->tty;
-                tty = NULL;
+                c->tty = NULL;
 
-        } else if (streq_ptr(tty, "cron")) {
+        } else if (streq_ptr(c->tty, "cron")) {
                 /* cron is setting PAM_TTY to "cron" for some reason (the commit carries no information why, but
                  * probably because it wants to set it to something as pam_time/pam_access/… require PAM_TTY to be set
                  * (as they otherwise even try to update it!) — but cron doesn't actually allocate a TTY for its forked
                  * off processes.) */
-                type = "unspecified";
+                c->type = "unspecified";
-                class = "background";
+                c->class = "background";
-                tty = NULL;
+                c->tty = NULL;
 
-        } else if (streq_ptr(tty, "ssh")) {
+        } else if (streq_ptr(c->tty, "ssh")) {
                 /* ssh has been setting PAM_TTY to "ssh" (for the same reason as cron does this, see above. For further
                  * details look for "PAM_TTY_KLUDGE" in the openssh sources). */
-                type = "tty";
+                c->type = "tty";
-                class = "user";
+                c->class = "user";
-                tty = NULL; /* This one is particularly sad, as this means that ssh sessions — even though usually
+                c->tty = NULL; /* This one is particularly sad, as this means that ssh sessions — even though
-                             * associated with a pty — won't be tracked by their tty in logind. This is because ssh
+                               * usually associated with a pty — won't be tracked by their tty in
-                             * does the PAM session registration early for new connections, and registers a pty only
+                               * logind. This is because ssh does the PAM session registration early for new
-                             * much later (this is because it doesn't know yet if it needs one at all, as whether to
+                               * connections, and registers a pty only much later (this is because it doesn't
-                             * register a pty or not is negotiated much later in the protocol). */
+                               * know yet if it needs one at all, as whether to register a pty or not is
+                               * negotiated much later in the protocol). */
 
-        } else if (tty)
+        } else if (c->tty)
                 /* Chop off leading /dev prefix that some clients specify, but others do not. */
-                tty = skip_dev_prefix(tty);
+                c->tty = skip_dev_prefix(c->tty);
 
-        /* If this fails vtnr will be 0, that's intended */
+        if (!isempty(c->display) && !c->vtnr) {
-        if (!isempty(cvtnr))
+                if (isempty(c->seat))
-                (void) safe_atou32(cvtnr, &vtnr);
+                        (void) get_seat_from_display(c->display, &c->seat, &c->vtnr);
-
+                else if (streq(c->seat, "seat0"))
-        if (!isempty(display) && !vtnr) {
+                        (void) get_seat_from_display(c->display, /* seat= */ NULL, &c->vtnr);
-                if (isempty(seat))
-                        (void) get_seat_from_display(display, &seat, &vtnr);
-                else if (streq(seat, "seat0"))
-                        (void) get_seat_from_display(display, NULL, &vtnr);
         }
 
-        if (seat && !streq(seat, "seat0") && vtnr != 0) {
+        if (c->seat && !streq(c->seat, "seat0") && c->vtnr != 0) {
-                pam_debug_syslog(handle, debug, "Ignoring vtnr %"PRIu32" for %s which is not seat0", vtnr, seat);
+                pam_debug_syslog(handle, debug, "Ignoring vtnr %"PRIu32" for %s which is not seat0", c->vtnr, c->seat);
-                vtnr = 0;
+                c->vtnr = 0;
         }
 
-        if (isempty(type))
+        if (isempty(c->type))
-                type = !isempty(display) ? "x11" :
+                c->type = !isempty(c->display) ? "x11" :
-                           !isempty(tty) ? "tty" : "unspecified";
+                              !isempty(c->tty) ? "tty" : "unspecified";
 
-        if (isempty(class))
+        if (isempty(c->class))
-                class = streq(type, "unspecified") ? "background" :
+                c->class = streq(c->type, "unspecified") ? "background" :
                         ((IN_SET(user_record_disposition(ur), USER_INTRINSIC, USER_SYSTEM, USER_DYNAMIC) &&
-                         streq(type, "tty")) ? "user-early" : "user");
+                         streq(c->type, "tty")) ? "user-early" : "user");
 
-        if (incomplete) {
+        if (c->incomplete) {
-                if (streq(class, "user"))
+                if (streq(c->class, "user"))
-                        class = "user-incomplete";
+                        c->class = "user-incomplete";
                 else
-                        pam_syslog_pam_error(handle, LOG_WARNING, 0, "PAM session of class '%s' is incomplete, which is not supported, ignoring.", class);
+                        pam_syslog_pam_error(handle, LOG_WARNING, 0, "PAM session of class '%s' is incomplete, which is not supported, ignoring.", c->class);
         }
 
-        remote = !isempty(remote_host) && !is_localhost(remote_host);
+        c->remote = !isempty(c->remote_host) && !is_localhost(c->remote_host);
+}
 
-        r = pam_get_data(handle, "systemd.memory_max", (const void **)&memory_max);
+static bool can_use_varlink(const SessionContext *c) {
-        if (!IN_SET(r, PAM_SUCCESS, PAM_NO_MODULE_DATA))
+        /* Since PID 1 currently doesn't do Varlink right now, we cannot directly set properties for the
-                return pam_syslog_pam_error(handle, LOG_ERR, r, "Failed to get PAM systemd.memory_max data: @PAMERR@");
+         * scope, for now.  */
-        r = pam_get_data(handle, "systemd.tasks_max",  (const void **)&tasks_max);
+        return !c->memory_max &&
-        if (!IN_SET(r, PAM_SUCCESS, PAM_NO_MODULE_DATA))
+                !c->runtime_max_sec &&
-                return pam_syslog_pam_error(handle, LOG_ERR, r, "Failed to get PAM systemd.tasks_max data: @PAMERR@");
+                !c->tasks_max &&
-        r = pam_get_data(handle, "systemd.cpu_weight", (const void **)&cpu_weight);
+                !c->cpu_weight &&
-        if (!IN_SET(r, PAM_SUCCESS, PAM_NO_MODULE_DATA))
+                !c->io_weight;
-                return pam_syslog_pam_error(handle, LOG_ERR, r, "Failed to get PAM systemd.cpu_weight data: @PAMERR@");
+}
-        r = pam_get_data(handle, "systemd.io_weight",  (const void **)&io_weight);
+
-        if (!IN_SET(r, PAM_SUCCESS, PAM_NO_MODULE_DATA))
+static int register_session(
-                return pam_syslog_pam_error(handle, LOG_ERR, r, "Failed to get PAM systemd.io_weight data: @PAMERR@");
+                pam_handle_t *handle,
-        r = pam_get_data(handle, "systemd.runtime_max_sec", (const void **)&runtime_max_sec);
+                SessionContext *c,
-        if (!IN_SET(r, PAM_SUCCESS, PAM_NO_MODULE_DATA))
+                UserRecord *ur,
-                return pam_syslog_pam_error(handle, LOG_ERR, r, "Failed to get PAM systemd.runtime_max_sec data: @PAMERR@");
+                bool debug,
+                char **ret_seat) {
+
+        int r;
+
+        assert(handle);
+        assert(c);
+        assert(ur);
+        assert(ret_seat);
+
+        /* Make most of this a NOP on non-logind systems */
+        if (!logind_running()) {
+                *ret_seat = NULL;
+                return PAM_SUCCESS;
+        }
+
+        pam_debug_syslog(handle, debug,
+                         "Asking logind to create session: "
+                         "uid="UID_FMT" pid="PID_FMT" service=%s type=%s class=%s desktop=%s seat=%s vtnr=%"PRIu32" tty=%s display=%s remote=%s remote_user=%s remote_host=%s",
+                         ur->uid, getpid_cached(),
+                         strempty(c->service),
+                         c->type, c->class, strempty(c->desktop),
+                         strempty(c->seat), c->vtnr, strempty(c->tty), strempty(c->display),
+                         yes_no(c->remote), strempty(c->remote_user), strempty(c->remote_host));
+        pam_debug_syslog(handle, debug,
+                         "Session limits: "
+                         "memory_max=%s tasks_max=%s cpu_weight=%s io_weight=%s runtime_max_sec=%s",
+                         strna(c->memory_max), strna(c->tasks_max), strna(c->cpu_weight), strna(c->io_weight), strna(c->runtime_max_sec));
+
+        _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL; /* the following variables point into this message, hence pin it for longer */
+        _cleanup_(sd_varlink_unrefp) sd_varlink *vl = NULL; /* similar */
+        const char *id = NULL, *object_path = NULL, *runtime_path = NULL, *real_seat = NULL;
+        int session_fd = -EBADF, existing = false;
+        uint32_t original_uid = UID_INVALID, real_vtnr = 0;
+
+        bool done = false;
+        if (can_use_varlink(c)) {
+
+                r = sd_varlink_connect_address(&vl, "/run/systemd/io.systemd.Login");
+                if (r < 0)
+                        log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to connect to logind via Varlink, falling back to D-Bus: %m");
+                else {
+                        r = sd_varlink_set_allow_fd_passing_input(vl, true);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return pam_syslog_errno(handle, LOG_ERR, r, "Failed to enable input fd passing on Varlink socket: %m");
+
+                        r = sd_varlink_set_allow_fd_passing_output(vl, true);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return pam_syslog_errno(handle, LOG_ERR, r, "Failed to enable output fd passing on Varlink socket: %m");
+
+                        r = sd_varlink_set_relative_timeout(vl, LOGIN_SLOW_BUS_CALL_TIMEOUT_USEC);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return pam_syslog_errno(handle, LOG_ERR, r, "Failed to set relative timeout on Varlink socket: %m");
+
+                        _cleanup_(pidref_done) PidRef pidref = PIDREF_NULL;
+                        r = pidref_set_self(&pidref);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return pam_syslog_errno(handle, LOG_ERR, r, "Failed to acquire PID reference on ourselves: %m");
+
+                        sd_json_variant *vreply = NULL;
+                        const char *error_id = NULL;
+                        r = sd_varlink_callbo(
+                                        vl,
+                                        "io.systemd.Login.CreateSession",
+                                        &vreply,
+                                        &error_id,
+                                        SD_JSON_BUILD_PAIR_UNSIGNED("UID", ur->uid),
+                                        JSON_BUILD_PAIR_PIDREF("PID", &pidref),
+                                        JSON_BUILD_PAIR_STRING_NON_EMPTY("Service", c->service),
+                                        SD_JSON_BUILD_PAIR("Type", JSON_BUILD_STRING_UNDERSCORIFY(c->type)),
+                                        SD_JSON_BUILD_PAIR("Class", JSON_BUILD_STRING_UNDERSCORIFY(c->class)),
+                                        JSON_BUILD_PAIR_STRING_NON_EMPTY("Desktop", c->desktop),
+                                        JSON_BUILD_PAIR_STRING_NON_EMPTY("Seat", c->seat),
+                                        SD_JSON_BUILD_PAIR_CONDITION(c->vtnr > 0, "VTNr", SD_JSON_BUILD_UNSIGNED(c->vtnr)),
+                                        JSON_BUILD_PAIR_STRING_NON_EMPTY("TTY", c->tty),
+                                        JSON_BUILD_PAIR_STRING_NON_EMPTY("Display", c->display),
+                                        SD_JSON_BUILD_PAIR_BOOLEAN("Remote", c->remote),
+                                        JSON_BUILD_PAIR_STRING_NON_EMPTY("RemoteUser", c->remote_user),
+                                        JSON_BUILD_PAIR_STRING_NON_EMPTY("RemoteHost", c->remote_host));
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return pam_syslog_errno(handle, LOG_ERR, r,
+                                                        "Failed to register session: %s", error_id);
+                        if (streq_ptr(error_id, "io.systemd.Login.AlreadySessionMember")) {
+                                /* We are already in a session, don't do anything */
+                                pam_debug_syslog(handle, debug, "Not creating session: %s", error_id);
+                                *ret_seat = NULL;
+                                return PAM_SUCCESS;
+                        }
+                        if (error_id)
+                                return pam_syslog_errno(handle, LOG_ERR, sd_varlink_error_to_errno(error_id, vreply),
+                                                        "Failed to issue CreateSession() varlink call: %s", error_id);
+
+                        struct {
+                                const char *id;
+                                const char *runtime_path;
+                                unsigned session_fd_idx;
+                                uid_t uid;
+                                const char *seat;
+                                unsigned vtnr;
+                                bool existing;
+                        } p = {
+                                .session_fd_idx = UINT_MAX,
+                                .uid = UID_INVALID,
+                        };
+
+                        static const sd_json_dispatch_field dispatch_table[] = {
+                                { "Id",                    SD_JSON_VARIANT_STRING,        sd_json_dispatch_const_string, voffsetof(p, id),             SD_JSON_MANDATORY },
+                                { "RuntimePath",           SD_JSON_VARIANT_STRING,        json_dispatch_const_path,      voffsetof(p, runtime_path),   SD_JSON_MANDATORY },
+                                { "SessionFileDescriptor", _SD_JSON_VARIANT_TYPE_INVALID, sd_json_dispatch_uint64,       voffsetof(p, session_fd_idx), SD_JSON_MANDATORY },
+                                { "UID",                   _SD_JSON_VARIANT_TYPE_INVALID, sd_json_dispatch_uid_gid,      voffsetof(p, uid),            SD_JSON_MANDATORY },
+                                { "Seat",                  SD_JSON_VARIANT_STRING,        sd_json_dispatch_const_string, voffsetof(p, seat),           0                 },
+                                { "VTNr",                  _SD_JSON_VARIANT_TYPE_INVALID, sd_json_dispatch_uint,         voffsetof(p, vtnr),           0                 },
+                                {}
+                        };
+
+                        r = sd_json_dispatch(vreply, dispatch_table, SD_JSON_ALLOW_EXTENSIONS, &p);
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return pam_syslog_errno(handle, LOG_ERR, r, "Failed to parse CreateSession() reply: %m");
+
+                        session_fd = sd_varlink_peek_fd(vl, p.session_fd_idx);
+                        if (session_fd < 0)
+                                return pam_syslog_errno(handle, LOG_ERR, session_fd, "Failed to extract session fd from CreateSession() reply: %m");
+
+                        id = p.id;
+                        runtime_path = p.runtime_path;
+                        original_uid = p.uid;
+                        real_seat = p.seat;
+                        real_vtnr = p.vtnr;
+                        existing = false; /* Even on D-Bus logind only returns false these days */
+
+                        done = true;
+                }
+        }
+
+        if (!done) {
+                /* Let's release the D-Bus connection once we are done here, after all the session might live
+                 * quite a long time, and we are not going to process the bus connection in that time, so
+                 * let's better close before the daemon kicks us off because we are not processing
+                 * anything. */
+                _cleanup_(pam_bus_data_disconnectp) PamBusData *d = NULL;
+                _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
 
                 /* Talk to logind over the message bus */
                 r = pam_acquire_bus_connection(handle, "pam-systemd", debug, &bus, &d);
                 if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
                         return r;
 
-        pam_debug_syslog(handle, debug,
+                _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *m = NULL;
-                         "Asking logind to create session: "
+                r = create_session_message(
-                         "uid="UID_FMT" pid="PID_FMT" service=%s type=%s class=%s desktop=%s seat=%s vtnr=%"PRIu32" tty=%s display=%s remote=%s remote_user=%s remote_host=%s",
+                                bus,
-                         ur->uid, getpid_cached(),
-                         strempty(service),
-                         type, class, strempty(desktop),
-                         strempty(seat), vtnr, strempty(tty), strempty(display),
-                         yes_no(remote), strempty(remote_user), strempty(remote_host));
-        pam_debug_syslog(handle, debug,
-                         "Session limits: "
-                         "memory_max=%s tasks_max=%s cpu_weight=%s io_weight=%s runtime_max_sec=%s",
-                         strna(memory_max), strna(tasks_max), strna(cpu_weight), strna(io_weight), strna(runtime_max_sec));
-
-        const SessionContext context = {
-                .uid = ur->uid,
-                .pid = 0,
-                .service = service,
-                .type = type,
-                .class = class,
-                .desktop = desktop,
-                .seat = seat,
-                .vtnr = vtnr,
-                .tty = tty,
-                .display = display,
-                .remote = remote,
-                .remote_user = remote_user,
-                .remote_host = remote_host,
-                .memory_max = memory_max,
-                .tasks_max = tasks_max,
-                .cpu_weight = cpu_weight,
-                .io_weight = io_weight,
-                .runtime_max_sec = runtime_max_sec,
-        };
-
-        r = create_session_message(bus,
                                 handle,
-                                   &context,
+                                ur,
+                                c,
                                 /* avoid_pidfd = */ false,
                                 &m);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return pam_bus_log_create_error(handle, r);
 
+                _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
                 r = sd_bus_call(bus, m, LOGIN_SLOW_BUS_CALL_TIMEOUT_USEC, &error, &reply);
                 if (r < 0 && sd_bus_error_has_name(&error, SD_BUS_ERROR_UNKNOWN_METHOD)) {
                         sd_bus_error_free(&error);
@@ -1142,7 +1209,8 @@ _public_ PAM_EXTERN int pam_sm_open_session(
                         m = sd_bus_message_unref(m);
                         r = create_session_message(bus,
                                                    handle,
-                                           &context,
+                                                   ur,
+                                                   c,
                                                    /* avoid_pidfd = */ true,
                                                    &m);
                         if (r < 0)
@@ -1155,7 +1223,8 @@ _public_ PAM_EXTERN int pam_sm_open_session(
                                 /* We are already in a session, don't do anything */
                                 pam_debug_syslog(handle, debug,
                                                  "Not creating session: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
-                        goto success;
+                                *ret_seat = NULL;
+                                return PAM_SUCCESS;
                         }
 
                         pam_syslog(handle, LOG_ERR,
@@ -1163,23 +1232,25 @@ _public_ PAM_EXTERN int pam_sm_open_session(
                         return PAM_SESSION_ERR;
                 }
 
-        r = sd_bus_message_read(reply,
+                r = sd_bus_message_read(
+                                reply,
                                 "soshusub",
                                 &id,
                                 &object_path,
                                 &runtime_path,
                                 &session_fd,
                                 &original_uid,
-                                &seat,
+                                &real_seat,
-                                &vtnr,
+                                &real_vtnr,
                                 &existing);
                 if (r < 0)
                         return pam_bus_log_parse_error(handle, r);
+        }
 
         pam_debug_syslog(handle, debug,
                          "Reply from logind: "
                          "id=%s object_path=%s runtime_path=%s session_fd=%d seat=%s vtnr=%u original_uid=%u",
-                         id, object_path, runtime_path, session_fd, seat, vtnr, original_uid);
+                         id, strna(object_path), runtime_path, session_fd, real_seat, real_vtnr, original_uid);
 
         /* Please update manager_default_environment() in core/manager.c accordingly if more session envvars
          * shall be added. */
@@ -1202,38 +1273,25 @@ _public_ PAM_EXTERN int pam_sm_open_session(
          * somewhere else (for example PAM module parameters). Let's now update the environment variables, so that this
          * data is inherited into the session processes, and programs can rely on them to be initialized. */
 
-        r = update_environment(handle, "XDG_SESSION_TYPE", type);
+        r = update_environment(handle, "XDG_SESSION_TYPE", c->type);
         if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
                 return r;
 
-        r = update_environment(handle, "XDG_SESSION_CLASS", class);
+        r = update_environment(handle, "XDG_SESSION_CLASS", c->class);
         if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
                 return r;
 
-        r = update_environment(handle, "XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP", desktop);
+        r = update_environment(handle, "XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP", c->desktop);
         if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
                 return r;
 
-        r = update_environment(handle, "XDG_SEAT", seat);
+        r = update_environment(handle, "XDG_SEAT", real_seat);
         if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
                 return r;
 
-        static const char *const propagate[] = {
+        if (real_vtnr > 0) {
-                "shell.prompt.prefix", "SHELL_PROMPT_PREFIX",
+                char buf[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(real_vtnr)];
-                "shell.prompt.suffix", "SHELL_PROMPT_SUFFIX",
+                sprintf(buf, "%u", real_vtnr);
-                "shell.welcome",       "SHELL_WELCOME",
-                NULL
-        };
-
-        STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(k, v, propagate) {
-                r = propagate_credential_to_environment(handle, *k, *v);
-                if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
-                        return r;
-        }
-
-        if (vtnr > 0) {
-                char buf[DECIMAL_STR_MAX(vtnr)];
-                sprintf(buf, "%u", vtnr);
 
                 r = update_environment(handle, "XDG_VTNR", buf);
                 if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
@@ -1255,9 +1313,114 @@ _public_ PAM_EXTERN int pam_sm_open_session(
                 TAKE_FD(fd);
         }
 
-success:
+        /* Everything worked, hence let's patch in the data we learned. Since 'real_set' points into the
+         * D-Bus message, let's copy it and return it as a buffer */
+        char *rs = NULL;
+        if (real_seat) {
+                rs = strdup(real_seat);
+                if (!rs)
+                        return pam_log_oom(handle);
+        }
+
+        c->seat = *ret_seat = rs;
+        c->vtnr = real_vtnr;
+
+        return PAM_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static int import_shell_credentials(pam_handle_t *handle) {
+
+        static const char *const propagate[] = {
+                "shell.prompt.prefix", "SHELL_PROMPT_PREFIX",
+                "shell.prompt.suffix", "SHELL_PROMPT_SUFFIX",
+                "shell.welcome",       "SHELL_WELCOME",
+                NULL
+        };
+        int r;
+
+        assert(handle);
+
+        STRV_FOREACH_PAIR(k, v, propagate) {
+                r = propagate_credential_to_environment(handle, *k, *v);
+                if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
+                        return r;
+        }
+
+        return PAM_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+_public_ PAM_EXTERN int pam_sm_open_session(
+                pam_handle_t *handle,
+                int flags,
+                int argc, const char **argv) {
+
+        int r;
+
+        assert(handle);
+
+        pam_log_setup();
+
+        uint64_t default_capability_bounding_set = UINT64_MAX, default_capability_ambient_set = UINT64_MAX;
+        const char *class_pam = NULL, *type_pam = NULL, *desktop_pam = NULL;
+        bool debug = false;
+        if (parse_argv(handle,
+                       argc, argv,
+                       &class_pam,
+                       &type_pam,
+                       &desktop_pam,
+                       &debug,
+                       &default_capability_bounding_set,
+                       &default_capability_ambient_set) < 0)
+                return PAM_SESSION_ERR;
+
+        pam_debug_syslog(handle, debug, "pam-systemd initializing");
+
+        _cleanup_(user_record_unrefp) UserRecord *ur = NULL;
+        r = acquire_user_record(handle, &ur);
+        if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
+                return r;
+
+        SessionContext c = {};
+        r = pam_get_item_many(
+                        handle,
+                        PAM_SERVICE,  &c.service,
+                        PAM_XDISPLAY, &c.display,
+                        PAM_TTY,      &c.tty,
+                        PAM_RUSER,    &c.remote_user,
+                        PAM_RHOST,    &c.remote_host);
+        if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
+                return pam_syslog_pam_error(handle, LOG_ERR, r, "Failed to get PAM items: @PAMERR@");
+
+        c.seat = getenv_harder(handle, "XDG_SEAT", NULL);
+        c.vtnr = getenv_harder_uint32(handle, "XDG_VTNR", 0);
+        c.type = getenv_harder(handle, "XDG_SESSION_TYPE", type_pam);
+        c.class = getenv_harder(handle, "XDG_SESSION_CLASS", class_pam);
+        c.desktop = getenv_harder(handle, "XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP", desktop_pam);
+        c.incomplete = getenv_harder_bool(handle, "XDG_SESSION_INCOMPLETE", false);
+
+        r = pam_get_data_many(
+                        handle,
+                        "systemd.memory_max",      &c.memory_max,
+                        "systemd.tasks_max",       &c.tasks_max,
+                        "systemd.cpu_weight",      &c.cpu_weight,
+                        "systemd.io_weight",       &c.io_weight,
+                        "systemd.runtime_max_sec", &c.runtime_max_sec);
+        if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
+                return pam_syslog_pam_error(handle, LOG_ERR, r, "Failed to get PAM data: @PAMERR@");
+
+        session_context_mangle(handle, &c, ur, debug);
+
+        _cleanup_free_ char *seat_buffer = NULL;
+        r = register_session(handle, &c, ur, debug, &seat_buffer);
+        if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
+                return r;
+
+        r = import_shell_credentials(handle);
+        if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
+                return r;
+
         if (default_capability_ambient_set == UINT64_MAX)
-                default_capability_ambient_set = pick_default_capability_ambient_set(ur, service, seat);
+                default_capability_ambient_set = pick_default_capability_ambient_set(ur, c.service, c.seat);
 
         return apply_user_record_settings(handle, ur, debug, default_capability_bounding_set, default_capability_ambient_set);
 }
@@ -1297,13 +1460,39 @@ _public_ PAM_EXTERN int pam_sm_close_session(
 
         id = pam_getenv(handle, "XDG_SESSION_ID");
         if (id && !existing) {
+                _cleanup_(sd_varlink_unrefp) sd_varlink *vl = NULL;
+                bool done = false;
+
+                r = sd_varlink_connect_address(&vl, "/run/systemd/io.systemd.Login");
+                if (r < 0)
+                        log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to connect to logind via Varlink, falling back to D-Bus: %m");
+                else {
+                        _cleanup_(sd_json_variant_unrefp) sd_json_variant *vreply = NULL;
+                        const char *error_id = NULL;
+                        r = sd_varlink_callbo(
+                                        vl,
+                                        "io.systemd.Login.ReleaseSession",
+                                        /* ret_reply= */ NULL,
+                                        &error_id,
+                                        SD_JSON_BUILD_PAIR_STRING("Id", id));
+                        if (r < 0)
+                                return pam_syslog_errno(handle, LOG_ERR, r, "Failed to register session: %s", error_id);
+                        if (error_id)
+                                return pam_syslog_errno(handle, LOG_ERR, sd_varlink_error_to_errno(error_id, vreply),
+                                                        "Failed to issue ReleaseSession() varlink call: %s", error_id);
+
+                        done = true;
+                }
+
+                if (!done) {
                         _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
+                        _cleanup_(pam_bus_data_disconnectp) PamBusData *d = NULL;
                         _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
 
                         /* Before we go and close the FIFO we need to tell logind that this is a clean session
                          * shutdown, so that it doesn't just go and slaughter us immediately after closing the fd */
 
-                r = pam_acquire_bus_connection(handle, "pam-systemd", debug, &bus, NULL);
+                        r = pam_acquire_bus_connection(handle, "pam-systemd", debug, &bus, &d);
                         if (r != PAM_SUCCESS)
                                 return r;
 
@@ -1312,6 +1501,7 @@ _public_ PAM_EXTERN int pam_sm_close_session(
                                 return pam_syslog_pam_error(handle, LOG_ERR, PAM_SESSION_ERR,
                                                             "Failed to release session: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
                 }
+        }
 
         /* Note that we are knowingly leaking the FIFO fd here. This way, logind can watch us die. If we
          * closed it here it would not have any clue when that is completed. Given that one cannot really

src/shared/meson.build

@@ -182,6 +182,7 @@ shared_sources = files(
         'varlink-io.systemd.Hostname.c',
         'varlink-io.systemd.Import.c',
         'varlink-io.systemd.Journal.c',
+        'varlink-io.systemd.Login.c',
         'varlink-io.systemd.Machine.c',
         'varlink-io.systemd.MachineImage.c',
         'varlink-io.systemd.ManagedOOM.c',

src/shared/pam-util.c

@@ -253,17 +253,17 @@ int pam_get_item_many_internal(pam_handle_t *handle, ...) {
         va_list ap;
         int r;
 
+        assert(handle);
+
         va_start(ap, handle);
         for (;;) {
                 int item_type = va_arg(ap, int);
-
                 if (item_type <= 0) {
                         r = PAM_SUCCESS;
                         break;
                 }
 
                 const void **value = ASSERT_PTR(va_arg(ap, const void **));
-
                 r = pam_get_item(handle, item_type, value);
                 if (!IN_SET(r, PAM_BAD_ITEM, PAM_SUCCESS))
                         break;
@@ -273,6 +273,30 @@ int pam_get_item_many_internal(pam_handle_t *handle, ...) {
         return r;
 }
 
+int pam_get_data_many_internal(pam_handle_t *handle, ...) {
+        va_list ap;
+        int r;
+
+        assert(handle);
+
+        va_start(ap, handle);
+        for (;;) {
+                const char *data_name = va_arg(ap, const char *);
+                if (!data_name) {
+                        r = PAM_SUCCESS;
+                        break;
+                }
+
+                const void **value = ASSERT_PTR(va_arg(ap, const void **));
+                r = pam_get_data(handle, data_name, value);
+                if (!IN_SET(r, PAM_NO_MODULE_DATA, PAM_SUCCESS))
+                        break;
+        }
+        va_end(ap);
+
+        return r;
+}
+
 int pam_prompt_graceful(pam_handle_t *handle, int style, char **ret_response, const char *fmt, ...) {
         va_list args;
         int r;

src/shared/pam-util.h

@@ -44,7 +44,9 @@ int pam_get_bus_data(pam_handle_t *handle, const char *module_name, PamBusData *
 void pam_cleanup_free(pam_handle_t *handle, void *data, int error_status);
 
 int pam_get_item_many_internal(pam_handle_t *handle, ...);
-
 #define pam_get_item_many(handle, ...) pam_get_item_many_internal(handle, __VA_ARGS__, -1)
 
+int pam_get_data_many_internal(pam_handle_t *handle, ...);
+#define pam_get_data_many(handle, ...) pam_get_data_many_internal(handle, __VA_ARGS__, NULL)
+
 int pam_prompt_graceful(pam_handle_t *handle, int style, char **ret_response, const char *fmt, ...) _printf_(4,5);

src/shared/varlink-io.systemd.Login.c

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
+
+#include "bus-polkit.h"
+#include "varlink-idl-common.h"
+#include "varlink-io.systemd.Login.h"
+
+static SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_TYPE(
+                SessionType,
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_VALUE(unspecified),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_VALUE(tty),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_VALUE(x11),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_VALUE(wayland),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_VALUE(mir),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_VALUE(web));
+
+static SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_TYPE(
+                SessionClass,
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("Regular user sessions"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_VALUE(user),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("Session of the root user that shall be open for login from earliest moment on, and not be delayed for /run/nologin"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_VALUE(user_early),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("Regular user session whose home directory is not available right now, but will be later, at which point the session class can be upgraded to 'user'"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_VALUE(user_incomplete),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("Display manager greeter screen used for login"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_VALUE(greeter),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("Similar, but a a lock screen"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_VALUE(lock_screen),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("Background session (that has no TTY, VT, Seat)"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_VALUE(background),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("Similar, but for which no service manager is invoked"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_VALUE(background_light),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("The special session of the service manager"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_VALUE(manager),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("The special session of the service manager for the root user"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ENUM_VALUE(manager_early));
+
+static SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_METHOD(
+                CreateSession,
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("Numeric UNIX UID of the user this session shall be owned by"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_INPUT(UID, SD_VARLINK_INT, 0),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("Process that shall become the leader of the session. If null defaults to the IPC client."),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_INPUT_BY_TYPE(PID, ProcessId, SD_VARLINK_NULLABLE),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("PAM service name of the program requesting the session"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_INPUT(Service, SD_VARLINK_STRING, SD_VARLINK_NULLABLE),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("The type of the session"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_INPUT_BY_TYPE(Type, SessionType, 0),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("The class of the session"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_INPUT_BY_TYPE(Class, SessionClass, 0),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("An identifier for the chosen desktop"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_INPUT(Desktop, SD_VARLINK_STRING, SD_VARLINK_NULLABLE),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("The name of the seat to assign this session to"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_INPUT(Seat, SD_VARLINK_STRING, SD_VARLINK_NULLABLE),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("The virtual terminal number to assign this session to"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_INPUT(VTNr, SD_VARLINK_INT, SD_VARLINK_NULLABLE),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("The TTY device to assign this session to, if applicable"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_INPUT(TTY, SD_VARLINK_STRING, SD_VARLINK_NULLABLE),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("The X11 display for this session"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_INPUT(Display, SD_VARLINK_STRING, SD_VARLINK_NULLABLE),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("If true this is a remote session"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_INPUT(Remote, SD_VARLINK_BOOL, SD_VARLINK_NULLABLE),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("User name on the remote site, if known"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_INPUT(RemoteUser, SD_VARLINK_STRING, SD_VARLINK_NULLABLE),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("Host name of the remote host"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_INPUT(RemoteHost, SD_VARLINK_STRING, SD_VARLINK_NULLABLE),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("The identifier string of the session of the user."),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_OUTPUT(Id, SD_VARLINK_STRING, 0),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("The runtime path ($XDG_RUNTIME_DIR) of the user."),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_OUTPUT(RuntimePath, SD_VARLINK_STRING, 0),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("Index into the file descriptor table of this reply with the session tracking fd for this session."),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_OUTPUT(SessionFileDescriptor, SD_VARLINK_INT, 0),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("The original UID of this session."),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_OUTPUT(UID, SD_VARLINK_INT, 0),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("The seat this session has been assigned to"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_OUTPUT(Seat, SD_VARLINK_STRING, SD_VARLINK_NULLABLE),
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("The virtual terminal number the session has been assigned to"),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_OUTPUT(VTNr, SD_VARLINK_INT, SD_VARLINK_NULLABLE));
+
+static SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_METHOD(
+                ReleaseSession,
+                SD_VARLINK_FIELD_COMMENT("The identifier string of the session to release. If unspecified or 'self', will return the callers session."),
+                SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_INPUT(Id, SD_VARLINK_STRING, SD_VARLINK_NULLABLE));
+
+static SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ERROR(NoSuchSession);
+static SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ERROR(NoSuchSeat);
+static SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ERROR(AlreadySessionMember);
+static SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ERROR(VirtualTerminalAlreadyTaken);
+static SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ERROR(TooManySessions);
+static SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_ERROR(UnitAllocationFailed);
+
+SD_VARLINK_DEFINE_INTERFACE(
+                io_systemd_Login,
+                "io.systemd.Login",
+                SD_VARLINK_INTERFACE_COMMENT("APIs for managing login sessions."),
+                SD_VARLINK_SYMBOL_COMMENT("Process identifier"),
+                &vl_type_ProcessId,
+                SD_VARLINK_SYMBOL_COMMENT("Various types of sessions"),
+                &vl_type_SessionType,
+                SD_VARLINK_SYMBOL_COMMENT("Various classes of sessions"),
+                &vl_type_SessionClass,
+                SD_VARLINK_SYMBOL_COMMENT("Allocates a new session."),
+                &vl_method_CreateSession,
+                SD_VARLINK_SYMBOL_COMMENT("Releases an existing session. Currently, will be refuses unless originating from the session to release itself."),
+                &vl_method_ReleaseSession,
+                SD_VARLINK_SYMBOL_COMMENT("No session by this name found"),
+                &vl_error_NoSuchSession,
+                SD_VARLINK_SYMBOL_COMMENT("No seat by this name found"),
+                &vl_error_NoSuchSeat,
+                SD_VARLINK_SYMBOL_COMMENT("Process already member of a session"),
+                &vl_error_AlreadySessionMember,
+                SD_VARLINK_SYMBOL_COMMENT("The specified virtual terminal (VT) is already taken by another session"),
+                &vl_error_VirtualTerminalAlreadyTaken,
+                SD_VARLINK_SYMBOL_COMMENT("Maximum number of sessions reached"),
+                &vl_error_TooManySessions,
+                SD_VARLINK_SYMBOL_COMMENT("Failed to allocate a unit for the session"),
+                &vl_error_UnitAllocationFailed);

src/shared/varlink-io.systemd.Login.h

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */
+#pragma once
+
+#include "sd-varlink-idl.h"
+
+extern const sd_varlink_interface vl_interface_io_systemd_Login;

src/systemd/sd-varlink.h

@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ __extension__ typedef enum _SD_ENUM_TYPE_S64(sd_varlink_server_flags_t) {
         SD_VARLINK_SERVER_ACCOUNT_UID             = 1 << 2, /* Do per user accounting */
         SD_VARLINK_SERVER_INHERIT_USERDATA        = 1 << 3, /* Initialize Varlink connection userdata from sd_varlink_server userdata */
         SD_VARLINK_SERVER_INPUT_SENSITIVE         = 1 << 4, /* Automatically mark all connection input as sensitive */
+        SD_VARLINK_SERVER_ALLOW_FD_PASSING_INPUT  = 1 << 5, /* Allow receiving fds over all connections */
+        SD_VARLINK_SERVER_ALLOW_FD_PASSING_OUTPUT = 1 << 6, /* Allow sending fds over all connections */
         _SD_ENUM_FORCE_S64(SD_VARLINK_SERVER)
 } sd_varlink_server_flags_t;
 

src/test/test-cgroup-util.c

@@ -212,8 +212,8 @@ TEST(proc) {
 
                 cg_pid_get_path(SYSTEMD_CGROUP_CONTROLLER, pid.pid, &path);
                 cg_pid_get_path_shifted(pid.pid, NULL, &path_shifted);
-                cg_pid_get_owner_uid(pid.pid, &uid);
+                cg_pidref_get_owner_uid(&pid, &uid);
-                cg_pid_get_session(pid.pid, &session);
+                cg_pidref_get_session(&pid, &session);
                 cg_pid_get_unit(pid.pid, &unit);
                 cg_pid_get_user_unit(pid.pid, &user_unit);
                 cg_pid_get_machine_name(pid.pid, &machine);

src/test/test-varlink-idl.c

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "varlink-io.systemd.Credentials.h"
 #include "varlink-io.systemd.Import.h"
 #include "varlink-io.systemd.Journal.h"
+#include "varlink-io.systemd.Login.h"
 #include "varlink-io.systemd.Machine.h"
 #include "varlink-io.systemd.MachineImage.h"
 #include "varlink-io.systemd.ManagedOOM.h"
@@ -193,6 +194,8 @@ TEST(parse_format) {
         print_separator();
         test_parse_format_one(&vl_interface_io_systemd_MachineImage);
         print_separator();
+        test_parse_format_one(&vl_interface_io_systemd_Login);
+        print_separator();
         test_parse_format_one(&vl_interface_xyz_test);
 }
 

test/units/TEST-35-LOGIN.sh

@@ -739,6 +739,10 @@ EOF
     systemctl stop user@"$uid".service
 }
 
+testcase_varlink() {
+    varlinkctl introspect /run/systemd/io.systemd.Login
+}
+
 setup_test_user
 test_write_dropin
 run_testcases